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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When was the first official recognition of group rights in Canada? |
1774 Quebec Act which recognized the religious rights of French Canadians |
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What are the two premises that Canada is based upon? |
The displacement and marginalization of Aboriginal Canadians and the settlement and development of the land by European immigrants |
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Who was known as Canada's charter groups? |
English-Speaking and Protestant and French-Speaking Catholics |
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At the time of the confederation, who's partnership symbolized on Canadian public life? |
John A Macdonald, (English-Speaking) and George Etienne Cartier (French-Speaking) |
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When did the two nations image in Canada start to produce competition? |
In the 1960's and specifically when the Bilingualism and Biculturalism emerged (B&B Commission) |
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What happened in 1971 in regards to Canada's image as a bicultural nation? |
Canadians who were of non-British and non-French backgrounds complained that Canada as a bicultural nation excluded them and then in 1971, Canada became a multicultural nation |
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What did the Royal Proclamation of 1763 recognize? |
It recognized the presence and rights of "the several nations or tribes of Indians" |
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What did the Quebec Act of 1774 officially confirm? |
The status of a particular segment of the population: French-speaking Catholics |
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What did John Porter's book, The Vertical Mosaic, show? |
That Canada's politics elite was dominated by males from the two charter groups |
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Who was the first Prime Minister to appoint a woman to cabinet? |
Prime Minister Diefenbaker in the late 1950's |
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Why was 2013 so significant in regards to cabinet ministers? |
Prime Minister Harper's cabinet included twelve women, the highest number in Canadian history |
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What was the result of the Dutch experiment with deep diversity multiculturalism? |
The result was deep diversity model and includes: (1) instruction in minorities' own language and culture and radio and TV in minority languages, and government accommodations on the basis of religion, (2) the incomes of Muslims, Turks, and Moroccans are the lowest in the country, (3) social contact between white native-born Dutch and the main minority groups is declining, (4) anti-immigration political parties are now active, (5) Liberal intellectuals question whether the country's large Muslim minority fully accepts basic liberal values such as freedom of speech, gender equality, and tolerance of diverse lifestyles |
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Why aren't there consensus on race in France? |
The government prohibits asking people questions based on their ethnicity, race, or religion |
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What do newcomers have to do upon entering residency in France? |
Sign a "Citizenship-values contract" |
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What does the France government prohibit? |
It bans wearing of the burqa and niqab in public places |
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What is the debate based upon in Quebec? |
Rather than over language, the debate concerns whether or not newcomers to Quebec can integrate into their culture and society |
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What happened in Herouxville that caused worldwide scrutiny? |
The town of Herouxville adopted a declaration of cultural standards targeted at Muslims and Sihks |
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Under what circumstances were immigrants unwelcome to Quebec? |
If they covered their faces, carried weapons to school (Sikh Kirpan), practised genital mutilation, stoned or burned women to death |
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What did the Bouchard-Taylor Report recommend? |
Recommended interculturalism as an alternative to Canadian multiculturalism |
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What makes Quebec different from other provinces? |
Quebec is the only province in Canada that has one identifiable majority group |
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What is interculturalism? |
A government policy regarding the relationship between a cultural majority and cultural minorities, which emphasizes integration by exchange and interaction |
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According to the PQ, what was the real problem? |
The preservation of French Identity |
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What did the PQ introduce in regards to public service? |
Introduced a Charter of French Values that denied public service and employment to women wearing face coverings such as the burqa |
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Did the PQ party win the 2013 election and go through with the above legislation? |
The PQ party did not win the election but the Liberal party, who did win, adopted similar legislation |
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What are the four main factors affecting the successful entry of immigrants into the professions they held in their countries of origin? |
(1) Language fluency, (2) knowledge of Canadian cultural norms, (3) work experience which is recognized by prospective Canadian employers, (4) professional and occupational credentials accepted in Canada |
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What does the constitution allow for? |
Peaceful settlements of disputes |
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What are the two sets of relations the constitution deals with? |
(1) The relationship between the state and the citizens, and (2) the distribution of functions and powers between the different parts of the state, which can be analysed under three main functional headings, [making the law, implementing the law, and interpreting the law] |
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What are the three forms that constitutional rules can take? |
(1) Written documents (2) Declaration of the courts (common law) (3) Unwritten constitutional conventions |
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What was the Constitution Act of 1867 responsible for? |
Creating Canada and it contained the nation- building goal of an integrated national economy for the new country |
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What was the Constitution Act of 1982 responsible for? |
Committed the federal and provincial governments to promote equal opportunities for all Canadians and the reduction of economic disparities between regions |
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What are the democratic rights in Canada? |
The right to vote, the requirement that elections be held every five years, and the requirement that Parliament and the provincial legislatures meet at least once every year |
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What are the two qualifications regarding mobility rights in Canada? |
(1) The province can impose a reasonable residency requirement as a condition of receiving social services (2) The provinces can intro affirmative action programs favouring local residents as long as the provincial employment rate is below the national employment rate |
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What do legal rights include in Canada? |
The right to a fair trial The right not to be subjected to unreasonable search and seizure The right not to be held without charge The right to legal counsel |
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What do the language rights include in Canada? |
The main premise of language rights in Canada is that anglophone and francophone parents have the right to have their children educated in their mother tongue Also, New Brunswick's official language bilingualism policy was entrenched in the constitution |
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What does the parliamentary government act upon? |
Operates on the basis of both the written constitution and uncodified constitutional conventions |
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What does the Parliament consist of? |
The Monarch and the legislature |
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Who is the head of the state? |
The Monarch is the head of the state, currently Queen Elizabeth II |
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Who has power when the monarch is not in Canada? |
The Governor General |
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What are the Lieutenant-Governors? |
They are the Queen's representatives at the provincial level |
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What must the responsible government do? |
The monarch or governor general must appoint as Prime Minister the party leader who has the confidence or support of the House of Commons |
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What happens when the government loses a confidence? |
It has then lost the right to govern |
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What are the two choices the PM has if they lose a confidence? |
(1) To resign from office, or (2) advise the governor general to dissolve Parliament for a general election |
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What is the ministerial responsibility? |
Ministers must explain and defend all actions and decisions carried out by their government departments |
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What did the Charter of Rights and Freedoms do in regards to parliamentary supremacy? |
The Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1982 replaced parliamentary supremacy with constitutional supremacy |
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What could the courts not do under parliamentary supremacy? |
The courts could not question the substance or legislation introduced by Parliament and the provincial legislatures, as long as governments stayed within their constitutional spheres of authority |
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What is judicial independence? |
It means that judges are to be free from any political interference in their decision making |
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What is the separation of powers? |
The role of the judiciary is to interpret the law when disputes arise |
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Why has the Senate's legitimacy been in question? |
The senators are not elected and most appointments of Senators are patronage appointments |
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Who is the cabinet accountable to under the responsible government? |
Accountable to the House, not the Senate |
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What was the Constitution Act of 1982 responsible for? |
Terminated Britain's control over amending the constitution |
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What was wrong with the Meech Lake Accord? |
It was controversial because it recognized Quebec as a distinct society |
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What did the Charlottetown Accord recognize? |
Recognized the right to Aboriginal self-government |
