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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When was the first stage of french colonization?
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1533-1870
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What is La Mission Civilatrice? Who wrote it and when?
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la mission civilisatrice on a essayé a diffusé le Christianisme. De changer la vie des gens sauvages, c’était la providence que les français améliore les vies des sauvages. En France a ce moment, L’Abée Grégoire (1790) a crée une langue français unifiée autour de la France a cause des dialectes différentes. s a rationale for intervention or colonisation, proposing to contribute to the spread of civilization, mostly amounting to the Westernization of indigenous peoples.
It was notably the underlying principle of French and Portuguese colonial rule in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was influential in the French colonies of Algeria, French West Africa, and Indochina.The European colonial powers felt it was their duty to bring Western civilization to what they perceived as backwards peoples. Rather than merely govern colonial peoples, the Europeans would attempt to Westernize them in accordance with a colonial ideology known as "assimilation". Written in 1870. Equal rights and citizenship were extended to those peoples who adopted French culture, including primary use of the French language in their lives, wearing Western clothes, and conversion to Christianity. |
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Who re-established slavery and when?
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Napoleon in 1800 (specifically in Haiti and Guinea).
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What are the main differences between French and English colonies?
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Rather than merely govern colonial peoples, the French would attempt to Westernize them in accordance with a colonial ideology known as "assimilation". Written in 1870. Equal rights and citizenship were extended to those peoples who adopted French culture, including primary use of the French language in their lives, wearing Western clothes, and conversion to Christianity.
ENGLISH however would have colonies with different legal statuses. Colonies had their own leaders who were then under the English, this was called a commonwealth, meaning their rule was more indirect than that of the French. |
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What is the usage of French today in Canada?
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- français est langue maternelle
- culture similaire aux États-Unis - montréal 3 millions d’habitants, quartiers anglais et français -l’accent ressemble beaucoup à un accent anglophone , plusieurs mots différentes |
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How is French used in the Carribean today?
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- l’Haïti, le Guadeloupe, la Martinique
-utilise l’euro, parle kreyol un mélange des langues africains que venaient des esclaves qui était pris là de l’Afrique, |
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How is French used in Africa today?
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Des classe sociales qui parlent français, l’enseignement en français,
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How is French used in North Africa today? What does Maghreb mean?
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- 1980 le français pas langue officielle
-Maghreb – tunisie, algerie, le maroc. Islam. Suffisme. L’islam ressemble l’islam au moyen orient. |
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What is verlan?
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une langue crée par le jeunes comme « pig latin » pour parler sans être compris par la police.
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What does Francophone mean? And who first started this word?
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Sometimes it's a negative word because of colonialism, it can refer to french speaking places or simply linguistic areas. Leopold Sedar Senghor who was the first president of Senegal gave it a spirituel notion, he started a francophone institution.
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Who is Leopold Sedar Senghor?
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He a Senegalese poet, politician, and cultural theorist who served as the first president of Senegal (1960–1980). Senghor was the first African to sit as a member of the Académie française. He is regarded by many as one of the most important African intellectuals of the 20th century. He also helped created the concept of negritude.
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How is Quebec different than other French colonies in the make up of the people that live there?
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There are no longer any natives there, everyone is actually french descended.
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What does Negres Blancs refer to?
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How white French people were treated as black people were by the English.
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Who were the first to explore Canada? What were they looking for? When did this take place?
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Jaques Cartier and Samuel de Champlain in 1491. They were actually looking for a passage to Asia. They also wanted furs, land, fish, and farming. Not many people lasted because of harsh winters.
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What was the French and Indian war?
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is the common U.S. name for the war between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763.
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What was one effect of the Treaty of Paris?
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The english tried to force their culture on the quebecois. They tried to for protestantism on them as well.
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What was the Quebec Act?
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was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain (citation 14 Geo. III c. 83) setting procedures of governance in the Province of Quebec. The principal components of the act were:
* The province's territory was expanded to take over part of the Indian Reserve, including much of what is now southern Ontario, plus Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota. * The oath of allegiance was replaced with one that no longer made reference to the Protestant faith. * It guaranteed free practice of the Catholic faith. * It restored the use of the French civil law for private matters while maintaining the use of the English common law for public administration, including criminal prosecution. |
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Who were the Bas-Canada and the Haute-Canada?
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The french and english canadians respectively.
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What was the Act of Union in Canada?
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passed in 1840, abolished the legislatures of Lower Canada and Upper Canada and established a new political entity, the Province of Canada to replace them. This act effecting the political union of The Canadas was similar in nature and in goals to the other Acts of Union enacted by the British Parliament.
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What happened in Quebec about 1912?
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People all started moving to Montreal. Women got the right to vote.
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What was the F.L.Q.?
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This is the Front Liberation of Quebec. Not really a respected organisation, they were violent and used bombs, the quebec identity grew. It made 160 attacks in the 60s, wanted Quebec to be soverign. Attacked the stock exchange.
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What was La Revolution Tranquille?
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Pople of Quebec slowly drifted away from english influences. Became more secular, with less catholic influences. Saw the decline of English supremacy.
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What was going on in Quebec in the late seventies?
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Quebec wanted soveriegnty, french became the official language. There was a referendum, but the no's won. Mostly because too many people worked with the rest of canada or america and would have lost their jobs.
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Who was Brian Mulroney and what did he try to do?
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Prime Minister or Quebec in the late 80s. He wanted Quebec to be a distinct and different society than the rest of Canada. He wanted to right to veto constitutional amendments, their own immigration policies, and be able to name three judges to the supreme court. But it wasn't ratified.
Then he tried again with the Act of Charlottetown, he said 25% of deputy should be quebecois, Again rejected. |
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What happened with the second referendum about Quebec indipendence in 1995?
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51% said no. Montreal had a lot of english speaking people and bi-lingual people. Quebec city had a lot more people who spoke just French. Many cities who found themselves close to the US said no.
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What are the Romans du Terroir and when were they written?
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Late 1800s to mid 1900s. Basic theses were that people should appreciate values of Quebec, their identity, and stay there.
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What is On est au Coton about?
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This is a documentary film directed by Denys Arcand in 1970, about the conditions of workers in the textile industry in Quebec.
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Why did the National Film Industry of Canda block On est au Coton?
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Newman was quoted as stating that “there are many factual errors either through bad research or overzealous attempts to show the evils of capitalism. The general tone is a slashing attack on the English-controlled textile industry. Stated that that the workers are harshly exploited by their American bosses. As the workers organize themselves for better, healthier working conditions, Arcand examines the life led by their boss.
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Descibe workers lives in On est Au Coton.
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Their work was monotonous, they became easily sick, they were in constant fear of the factory closing, government gave 13 year olds permits to work.
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What is the cartoon Le Chandail de Hockey about?
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The little boy goes to mass and prays for a hockey jersey. All the kids have a Morris Richard hockey jersey, but his mom buys him the wrong one and he has to wear a Toronto Maple Leafs. Allegory of french vs. english sections.
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Summarize Le Confort et l'Indifference.
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This is a 1981 documentary film by Denys Arcand, offering an analysis of the 1980 Quebec referendum, in which "sovereignty-association" was defeated as a first step to eventual secession from Canada. The film takes the position that the referendum result was a failure of courage and that the Québécois were numbed by prosperity and the explicitly Machiavellian manipulations of federalist leaders.
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Who represents Le Confort? Why did they vote no to a referendum?
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The Bourguois society, the capitalists, people who are afraid of change that said no to the referendum. Federalists who manted a central government. There wasn't much transportation in Quebec, if you took out the trains from the rest of Canada there would be nothing. People were scared of losing social security, Thought unemployment would rise because all public jobs would be lost, schools, hostpitals, public administration. A change of currency would also change matters, practically impossible, so they would still have to keep it, so they would still be "under" canada.
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Who represents "L'indifference?"
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There are the immigrants, neither canadian or quebecois, separatists.
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Why does the film Le Confort et l'Indifference use a Machiavelian analogy?
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They say that Canadian leaders try to force people to forget the ideal and go with what is easy?
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Who was Aime Cesaire?
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He lived from (26 June 1913 – 17 April 2008) was an Afro-Martinican francophone poet, author and politician. In 1945, with the support of the French Communist Party, Césaire was elected mayor of Fort-de-France and député to the French National Assembly for Martinique. Aimé Césaire was born in Basse-Pointe, Martinique in 1913
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Who wrote Discours on Colonialism and what is it about?
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Aime Cesaire, it was a denunciation of European colonial racism, decadence, and hypocrisy that was republished in the French review Présence Africaine in 1955.Here, the famous Aimé Cesaire from la Martinique denounces European colonialism and racism. Talks about the savagery of colonialism, how Christianity is equal to civilized people and pagan religions are equal to savagery. We shouldn’t only decolonize societies, we should decolonize our minds and ourselves. He asks the reader, what is colonialism? It is not philanthropic or religious, it is not about eradicating disease or tyranny, it is piracy. Every time someone is raped, tortured, or killed, it is simply accepted in France. Goes against a writer Renan who says that superior races are meant to govern those less able to. Talks about cultural inventions and
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What politically charded actions did Aime Cesaire perform?
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In 2006, he refused to meet the leader of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP), Nicolas Sarkozy, then a probable contender for the 2007 presidential election, because the UMP had voted for the February 23, 2005 law asking teachers and textbooks to "acknowledge and recognize in particular the positive role of the French presence abroad, especially in North Africa", a law considered by many as a eulogy to colonialism and French actions during the Algerian War. President Jacques Chirac finally had the controversial law repealed.
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What is negritude? Who were the main founders?
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Négritude movement started recognition that Africa had value and celebrating black pride, however had a post-colonial vision. Posed a modernist vision of society that went past Europe. The barbarism that defined colonialism came back against Europe in the form of fascism. Cesaire, Senghor, Fanon.
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What is Peau Noir and Masques Blancs about? Who wrote it?
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In this book Fanon talks about how black people were taken over by white people and made to feel like they need to be white. They have feelings of dependency on white people. They lost their originality and have embraced that of western culture. Because black people feel inferior, they try to imitate white people. This is more evident in wealthy black people because they can afford to change. Book starts with, “What does the black man want?” There are no feelings of inferiority, only feelings of nonexistence, like that of Jews in WWII.
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What does Fanon say about a black man who wants to turn his race white?
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That he is as bad as someone who preaches hatred for white people.
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What were Fanon's two occupations?
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Doctor and writer. Explains why his book is more psychological than most writings about negritude.
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What type of WWII reference does Fanon make in Peau Noir?
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Compares colonialism to the holocaust.
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What is Weltanschauung? What work is related to this idea?
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. This expression refers to the "wide worldview" or "wide world perception" of a people, family, or person. The Weltanschauung of a people originates from the unique world experience of a people, which they experience over several millennia. Peau Noir.
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What is l'actification? Who mentions it?
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White-ifying races. Fanon.
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What does Rues Cases Negres mean?
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Sugar Cane Alley ou Black Shack Alley
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What are some major themes of Black Shack Alley?
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-Worker exploitation. Shows how even though Martinique was free, their owners simply became their bosses. They get practically no pay for very harsh work. This is contrasted with the simple desires of children who look for sugar.
-The loss of links to their ancestors. Medouze, the older man, says that Jose can't come back to Africa with him. - Sadness of mixed kids. One rich mixed kid, his dad dies and doesn't leave him anything. - Girls from big families can't go to school because they need to work. |
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What is some interesting film stuff about Black Shack Alley?
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- Lush landscape is contrasted with the ghetto
-Jose being the narrator gives the film a warm feel. - Weak lighting during fire storytelling scenes gives the film a realistic feel |
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Who wrote Moi, Tituba Sorciere?
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Marys Conde who was from guadeloupe and studied at the Sorbonne.
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Summarize Moi, Tituba Sorciere.
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As a child, Tituba was a slave in Barbados, then she was sent on a ship to New England. A criticism on Christiam fundamentalism. Treated as less than human. For example, she was raped on a ship called Christ the King by a brit. Tituba meets Hester Prynn in jail (the woman from the Scarlet Letter). This story is a mix of truth and fantasy. Highlights bigotries and hypocrisies in New England. La domestique de la famille les filles de qui ont commencé les Salem Witch Trials. Elle était sourcière avec la nature. Elle aimait raconter les histoires.
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Who discovered Hispanola and what is another name for it?
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Colombus, Haiti.
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About when did the colonilaism start in Haiti? For what purpose?
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1630s, for sugar plantations.
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Who made slavery legal in the 1640s?
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Louis the 8th,
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What was the Triangle Sugar trade?
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Europeans brought alchohol and guns to africa in exchange for slaves, then took slaves to the carribean to make sugar, then brought the sugar to Europe.
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What was the 1763 Treaty of Paris?
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It gave land to England, Guadeleloupe and martinique.
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When was slavery abolished?
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1974
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What happened in Haiti after Napolean legalized slavery again?
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A slave started a revolt, they were the first independent colony in 1804. It was the only slave-led revolution in history.
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When was slavery abolished for the second time?
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1848
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What was the departmentalisation of Martinique and Guadeloupe?
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It meant they had rights and were represented in the French Government in the national assembly.
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