Can Politics

Front 1

The State

Back 1

Usuall defined as a form of political orginasition in which governmental institutions are capable of maintaining order and implementing rules of law (through coercion if necessary) over a given population and within a given territory.

Front 2

Sovereignty

Back 2

Internal: Final authority rests in the national gov as opposed to other private and gov org of society
External: Recognition by the int community of the right of a people or gov to run their own affairs, free from interference by other states or govs

Front 3

3 Characteristics of "Sovereignty"

Back 3

1. Territory
2. Authority
3. Recognition

Front 4

Authority

Back 4

Gov's power to make binding decisions and issue obligatory commands

Front 5

representative democravcy

Back 5

Policy Makers obtain authority directly or indirectly from elections

Front 6

Constitutional Monarchy

Back 6

Monarchial because Qu E II sits on the throne of the UK and presides as Queen of Canada

Front 7

Constitutional Democracy

Back 7

Canadian constitution shapes and limits political power. The documents, norms and behaviour that compose the constitution limit the powers of the gov by specifying the form of involvement of elected reps and the division of authority among the partners of the federation.

Front 8

Parliamentary System

Back 8

Usually have a political head and also a separate nominal head of state whose functions are chiefly ceremonial and whose influence is minimal.

Front 9

Treaty of Paris

Back 9

1763-
French colony was ceded to Britain which ended the seven year war in Europe. The brittish controlled all of NA east of the missisipi. Marked the boundaries between US and Brittish North America.

Front 10

New France

Back 10

From 1663 , when it came under royal control, the political dev of the colony was dominated by french-style absolutism

Front 11

The culture of New france's three preserved institutions:

Back 11

1. The Catholic Church
2. French language and civil law
3. Feudal landholding system

Front 12

Treaty of Utrecht

Back 12

1763-
Recognized brittish possession of the Hudson bay, Newfoundland and the new colony of Acadia

Front 13

Royal Proclamation

Back 13

1763-
Recognized Native land rights and described a rough proclamation line that divided hunting grounds from what could be settled by Europeans

Front 14

Quebec Act

Back 14

1774-
By Great Brittain, withdrew the provision for an assembly, placing full authority in an appointed advisory council sonsisten of both english and french. The french warmly approved it while the English resented it ofr the deprivation of the right to representative gov.

Front 15

Constitution Act

Back 15

1791-
Attempt by Brittain to satisfy both ethnic groups. This maintained committment to french culture established by the quebec act '74 but within a context:
The colony of Quebec was to be divided in two:
-Upper Canada: West of Ottawa river, mainly English
-Lower Canada: predominantly French.
-Representative Gov granted to both.
-french civil law and seigneurial landholding retained in Lower Canada
-English Common law and freehold land tenure established in Upper Canada.

Front 16

Consequences of Constitution Act 1791

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the arrangement deteriorated within a few years which resulted in a rebellion both in Lower and Upper Canada. Thus Brittain sent Lord Durham to re-evaluate the policy.

Front 17

The Union Act

Back 17

1840-
Re-Established two canadas as one political unit with english as the sole language. Although durham recommends representation by population, the two former colonies were each granted 42 members in the new joint assembly.

Front 18

1848 (2 things)

Back 18

Durham's recommendation that the gov made responsible to elect assembly came into effect.
the two languages were declared officially equal

Front 19

About the Capital

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The capital altered between Toronto and Quebec city, until Queen Victoria settled the problem by deciding on the then backwoods lodging outpost of Bytown (now Ottawa)

Front 20

CharlotteTown Conference

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1864-
Basic agreement that the new larger union would be a federal arrangement and that another meeting would be held

Front 21

Dec (1866)

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Delegates from the three participating colonies incorporated the essence of the Quebec resolutions into an act of confederation at the Westminster PAlace conference in London.

Front 22

The Brittish North-America Act (aka BNA)

Back 22

1867-
Made Canada a self governing Confederation. bringing into existence the dominion of Canada.
-French Canadian leaders supported the federal union
-There was no referendum or election to determine public opinion.

Front 23

Solutions by the BNA act

Back 23

1. The reorganization of the internal governance of the united provinces (by the creation of Ontario and Quebec) provided relief from political impasse.
2. No more threat of US invasion (railroads were now connected)
3. Provisions made during BNA act laid the basis for a dominion from sea to sea.

Front 24

Responsible Government

Back 24

came into effect- 1847-
The governor retained his advisors as long as they were able to retain majority support in the assembly.
(1st stage in establishing representative gov.)

Front 25

2nd Stage in achieving representative gov

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Effective separation of the political executive (cabinet) from the formal executive (governor)
-thus even before confederation, canadian colonies had achieved some degree of self-government by developing responsible gov and parliamentary democracy.

Front 26

Factors that made Canada quasi-colonial with Brittain after the BNA act (confederation)

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1. Legislative