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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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carbon 14 is a radioactive isotope because it is unstable and the nucleus decays gi ving off particles and energy. what does c-14 eventually become after changing atomic number?
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nitrogen
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molecule
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two or more atoms COVALENTLY BONDED. could be the same or different.
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compound
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DIFFERENT atoms together
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water in its liquid state, has very strong or weak bonds comparatively
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very weak only 1/20th as strong as a covalent. the bonds are constantly breaking and reforming.
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weird enough if you think about it, evaporation isn't just when you heat something. Because temperature is the AVERAGE kinetic energy. Some molecules are moving fast and some are moving slow.
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even at low temperatures, the speedy ones can escape. eventually a glass of water will evaporate at room temperature. heating just speed it up.
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colloid solution
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some molecules love water but do not ever really dissolve. They are just suspended in water and will settle.
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molecular formula for sucrose (table sugar
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C 12 H 22 O 11
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how many daltons are in one gram?
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6.022 10^23!
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dissociation of water molecules in pure water?
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yes, but it's very rare, not very many in a mole dissociates. The hydrogen atom leaves its negative electrons to make hydroxide and then the proton goes to Mr. Hydronium.
However, when acids and bases come into play, it messes up that balance and it's not such a rare thing. OH- H 3 0 + |
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Buffer solutions typically are made of
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a weak acid and its corresponding base. It minimizes how the pH changes.
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what is a human example of a buffer
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carbonic acid....H 2 CO 3
and the base, bicarbonate HCO3- |
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what do organic compounds typically consist of.?
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carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorous
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name some hydrocarbons
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methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane.
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What does the hydrocarbon ethene not ethane look like?
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c2h4. carbon double bonded with two single hydrogens on each end.
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what do fats look like?
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3 long hydrocarbon tails with an oxygen-y base.
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what gives fat their energy storing properties?
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hydrocarbons do not dissolve in water and are hydrophobic
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what enantiomers?
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compounds that differ in spatial arrangement, they look like mirror images of each other
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enantiomers are like mirror images, why are they so important in a pharmaceutical sense?
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commonly, two different enantiomers may differ in effectiveness, or even counteract the other. (thik of the pregnancy drug during the late '50s. One enantiomer got rid of morning sickness, while the other caused birth deffects.
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alcohols have a ______group
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hydroxyl functional group[
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what are the two compounds that can be made with a C double bonded O functional group? (carbonyl functional group)
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ketones (inside) adehyde (outside)
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which group has the same two groups but together of hydroxyl and carbonyl?
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carboxyl
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acetic acid contains ____functional group
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carboxyl
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