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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Element
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A substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions.
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Compound
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A substance consisting of two or more elements combined in a fixed ratio.
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Trace Elements
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Those elements required by an organism in only minute quantities.
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Atom
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Smallest unit of matter that still retains properties of an element.
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Three types of particles
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Neutrons, Protons, and Electrons.
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Atomic Nucleus
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Dense core at center of atom which neutrons and protons tightly pack together to form. Quickly moving electrons form a cloud around the atomic nucleus.
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Dalton
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The same as atomic mass unit, used for descriing mass of miniscule objects.
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Atomic Number
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The number of protons in an element; unique number to each element. (abbreviation 2HE)
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Mass Number
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Sum of protons and neutrons in nucleus of an atom. (4/2 HE=2 neutrons)
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Atomic Weight
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Since most atom weight comes from neutrons+protons, atomic weight is the addition of these two molecules.
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Isotope
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All atoms have equal protons, but some have more neutrons and therefore weigh more.
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"Stable" isotope
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An isotope which doesn't have tendencies to lose particles.
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Radioactive isotope
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One in which the nucleus decays spontaneously, releasing particles and energy.
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Energy
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The ability to do work.
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Potential energy
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Energy stored because of location or position.
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Energy Levels/Electron Shells
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The different states of potential energy that electrons have in an atom.
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Valence Electrons
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Outer electrons in the valence shell.
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Orbital
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Three-dimension space where an electron is found 90% of the time.
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