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1233 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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a / ab (+abl.)
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away from; by
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abeo abire abii abitum
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I go/ come away
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abicio abieci abiectus
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3/4 I throw down, throw away
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absens, absentis
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absent, away
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absum, abesse afui
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I am away from, am absent; I am distant
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ac (or atque)
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and
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aliter ac
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otherwise than
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alius ac
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different from
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contra ac
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contrary to what
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idem ac
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the same as
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par ac
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equivalent to
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pariter ac
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equally as
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perinde ac
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in like manner, just as, just as if
(perinde - equally, in the same way) |
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similis ac
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similar to
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accedo accessi accessum
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3 I approach, reach
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accidit 3 accidit
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it happens (ut/ ut non +subj.)
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accipio 3/4 accepi acceptus
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I receive, welcome; learn; obtain; sustain, meet with
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accuso
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1 I accuse (x acc. of y gen.)
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acer acr-is e
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keen, sharp, bitter
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acerbus a um
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bitter
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aci-es ei
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battle-line; sharp edge, point; keenness (of sight)
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ad (+acc)
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towards; at; for the purpose of
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usque ad
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right up to
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addo 3 addidi additus
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I add; increase
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adeo adire adii aditum
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I go/ come to, approach
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adeo (adv)
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to such an extent
indeed, truly, even |
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adfero adferre attuli allatus
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I bring to
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adgredior (aggredior) 3/4 dep. adgressus (aggressus)
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I go up to; attack
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adhuc
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up to now
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adipiscor 3 dep. adeptus
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I get, gain, acquire
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adiungo adiunxi adiunctus
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3 I join (x acc to y dat)
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adiuuo adiuui adiutus
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1 I help
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adloquor (alloquor) adlocutus (allocutus)
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3 dep. I address
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adorior adortus
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4 dep. I attack, rise up against
(cf. orior, ortus, I arise, rise up, get up (wake)) |
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adscribo adscripsi adscriptus
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3 I write in addition
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adseruo 1
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I keep, guard
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adsum adesse adfui
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I am present, am at hand
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adversus a um
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hostile; opposite; unfavourable; in front
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adverto
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= animadverto = I observe, take note of
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adulescens adulescent-is
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3m youth
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aduoco
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1. I summon
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aedis aed-is
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3f. temple; pl. aedes aedium, house
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aeger aegr-a um
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ill
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aegre
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with difficulty
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aequor aequor-is
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3nt. plain; sea
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aequus a um
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fair, balanced, equal; level
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aes aer-is
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3nt. bronze
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aes alienum, aeris alieni
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debt (lit. 'someone else's bronze')
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aestimo
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1. I value, estimate
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aetas aetat-is
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3f. age; lifetime; generation
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affirmo
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1. I state strongly, assert
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age
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come!
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ager agri
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2m land, field, territory
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agito
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1. I stir up, incite
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agmen agminis
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3nt. column, marching army, procession, crowd
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ago 3 egi actus
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I do, act; drive, lead, direct; spend, pass; (de + abl.) = discuss
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gratias ago (+dat)
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I thank
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aio
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irr. I say
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alibi
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somewhere else
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alicubi
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somewhere
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alienus a um
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someone else's
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aliquando
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at some time
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aliquanto
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to some extent
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aliqui aliqua aliquod
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some (adj.)
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aliquis aliqua aliquid
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someone (pron.)
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aliquot
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several
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aliter ac
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otherwise than
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alius a ud
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other
(two different cases in same clause = 'different ... different') |
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alii... alii
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some .... others...
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alius ac
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other than
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alo 3 alui altus
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I feed, nourish, rear; support; strengthen
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alter altera alterum
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one (or other) of two
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altus a um
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high; deep
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ambo ambae ambo
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both (declined as duo)
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ambulo
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1. I walk
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amica ae
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1f mistress
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amictia ae
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1f. friendship
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amicus i
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2m. friend, ally
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amitto amisi amissus
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3 I lose
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amo
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1. I love, like
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amor amoris
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3m. love; pl. girl-friend, sexual intercourse
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amplexor
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1 dep. I embrace
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amplius
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more than
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amplus a um
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large, great
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an
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= -ne = ? (in direct questions); whether, if (in indirect questions: + subj.)
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utrum ... an (+ subj.)
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whether ... or (indirect question: negative necne)
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utrum .... an
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= double question, ie. A or B? (negative annon)
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anima ae
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1f. soul, life, breath
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animadverto (animum adverto) animadverti animadversus
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3 I observe, take note of
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animus i
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2m mind, spirit, heart
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annon
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or not? (cf. an or utrum)
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annus i
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2m year
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ante (+acc);
ante (adv) |
before, in front of (+acc);
earlier, before (adv) |
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antea
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(adv.) before
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antequam
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(conj.) before
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aperio aperui apertus
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4. I open, reveal
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appello
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1. I address; name, call
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appropinquo
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1. (+dat) I approach
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apud (+acc.)
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at the house of
in the hands of in the works of among |
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aqua ae
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1f water
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ara ae
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1f altar
(cf. arx, arcis - citadel) |
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arbitror
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1 dep. I think, consider; give judgement
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arbor arbor-is
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3f. tree
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arcesso arcessiui arcessitus
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3. I summon
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ardeo arsi arsurus
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2. I burn; am in love
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argentum i
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2nt silver
silver-plate money |
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arm-a orum
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2nt. pl. arms; armed men
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armatus a um
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armed
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ars artis
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3f skill, art, accomplishment
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arx arcis
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3f citadel
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Asia ae
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1f Asia Minor
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asper aspera um
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rough
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astutia ae
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1f astuteness
pl. tricks |
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at
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but
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atque (ac)
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and
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atrox atrocis
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fierce, unrelenting
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attribuo attribui attributus
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3. I assign, give
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auctoritas, auctoriatis
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3f weight
authority |
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audacia ae
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1f. boldness, cockiness
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audax audac-is
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brave, bold, resolute
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audeo ausus
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2 semi-dep. I dare
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audio
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4. I hear, listen to
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aufero auferre abstuli ablatus
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I take away (x acc. from y dat.)
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augeo auxi auctus
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2. I increase (trans.)
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aula ae
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1f pot. (the normal Classical form is 'olla', while 'aula' generally means 'court' or 'palace')
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aureus a um
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golden
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aurum i
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2nt gold
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aut
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or
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aut ... aut
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either... or
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autem
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but, however
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autumnus i
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2nt autumn
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auxilium i
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2nt help
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bellum i
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2nt war
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bellum gero
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I wage ware
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bellus a um
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pretty, beautiful
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bene
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well
thoroughly rightly good! fine! |
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bibo bibi ---
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3. I drink
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bon-a orum
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2nt pl. goods
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bonus a um
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good, brave, fit, honest
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brevis e
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short, brief
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brevi
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shortly, soon
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cado cecidi casum
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3. I fall; die
(cf. caedo - I cut down, kill) |
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caedes caed-is
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3f slaugher, carnage
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caedo cecidi caesus
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3. I cut (down);
flog, beat; kill (cf. cado - I fall, die) |
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caelestis e
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heavenly, in the heavens
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caelum i
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3nt sky, ehaven
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calamitas, calamitatis
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3f. disaster, calamity
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campus i
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2m field, plain
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candidus a um
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white; bright, beautiful
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capio cepi captus
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3/4 I take, capture
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caput capit-is
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3nt head; source, fount
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carcer, carcer-is
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3m. prison, barrier
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castigo
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1. I rebuke
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castr-a -orum
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2nt. pl. camp
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casus us
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4m. outcome
event, occurence; disaster, death |
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casu
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by accident, by chance
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caueo caui cautus
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I am wary
I warn, beware, stipulate |
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causa ae
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1f case
reason cause |
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causa (+ gen. preceding it)
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for the sake of
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cedo cessi cessum
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3. I yield, submit
I go, withdraw |
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celer celeris celere
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swift
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celeritas celeritat-is
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3f. speed
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celeriter
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quickly
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celo
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1. I hide
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cena ae
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1f. dinner
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centum
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100
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centurio centurion-is
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3m. centurion
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cera ae
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1f. wax
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certe
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without doubt
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certior fio (fieri factus)
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I am informed
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certiorem facio
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3/4 (feci)
I inform (x acc.) |
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certo
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for a fact
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certo
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1. I struggle, fight; vie
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certus a um
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sure, certain
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ceteri ae a
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the rest, the others
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cibus i
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2m food
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circiter (adv.)
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about
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circum (+acc)
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around
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circumeo circumire circumii circumitum
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I go around
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circumsedeo circumsedi circumsessus
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2. I besiege, blockade
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cito
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quickly
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ciuis ciu-is
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3m and f. citizen
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ciuitas ciuitat-is
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3f. state
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clam
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secretly
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clamito
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1. I keep on shouting
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clamo
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1. I shout
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clamor, clamor-is
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3m shout outcry noise
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clarus a um
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famous, well-known; clear
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classis class-is
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3f. fleet
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coepi coeptus
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I began
(perfect form) |
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cogito
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1. I ponder, reflect, consider
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cognosco congnoui cognitus
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3. I get to know, examine
(perf. = I know plup. = I knew fut. perf. = I shall know) |
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cogo coegi coactus
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3. I force, compel;
gather |
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cohors cohort-is
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3f. governor's retinue;
cohort |
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cohortor
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1 dep. I encourage
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collega ae
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1m. colleague
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colligo collegi collectus
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3. I collect, gather;
gain, acquire |
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colloco
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1. I place, station
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collum i
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2nt. neck
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colo colui cultus
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3. I worship;
cultivate, till; inhabit |
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coma ae
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1f. hair;
foliage |
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comes comit-is
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3m. companion, friend;
pl. retinue |
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committo commisi commissus
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3. I commit
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commodus a um
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satisfactory, convenient
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commoror
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1 dep. I delay, wait
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commoueo commoui commotus
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2. I move;
I remove; I excite, disturb |
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communis e
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shared in, common, universal
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comparo
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1. I prepare, provide,
get ready, get |
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complector complexus
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3 dep. I embrace
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complur-es complur-ium
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several
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concido concidi ----
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3. I fall, collapse;
I am killed |
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concordia ae
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1f. harmony, mutual agreement
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concurro concurri concursum
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3. I run together
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condemno
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1. I condemn (x acc. for y gen.)
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condicio condicionis
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3f. condition, term
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condicionem (condiciones) ferre
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to make terms
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conficio confeci confectus
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3/4 I finish;
I weaken I make, construct, prepare, complete |
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confirmo
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1. I state clearly, confirm
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confiteor confessus
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2 dep. I confess, acknowledge
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conflagro
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1. I burn (intrans.)
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conicio conieci coniectus
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3/4 I throw
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coniuratio coniurationis
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3m. conspirator
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conor
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1 dep. I try
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conseruo
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1. I keep safe, preserve, maintain
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consido consedi ----
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3. I settle down; encamp
(cf. circumsedeo 2 - I besiege) |
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consilium i
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2nt. plan;
advice; judgement |
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consisto constiti -----
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3. I stop, stand my ground
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conspicor
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1 dep. I catch sight of
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constituo constitui constitutus
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3. I decide
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consul consul-is
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3m. consul
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consulatus us
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4m. consulship
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continentia ae
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1f. self-control, restraint
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contio contion-is
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3f. meeting, assembly
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contra (+acc.)
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against
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contra ac
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contrary to what
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conuenio conueni conuentum
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4. I meet
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convivium i
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2nt party
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convoco
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1. I summon, call together
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copiae arum
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1f. pl. troops
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coquo coxi coctus
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3. I cook
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coquus i
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2m cook
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cornus us
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4m wing (of army)
horn |
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corpus corporis
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3nt body
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cotidie
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daily
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creber crebra um
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frequent;
thick, close |
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credo credidi creditum
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3 I believe in (+ dat);
entrust (x acc. to y dat.) |
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crudel-is e
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cruel
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cui
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dat. s. of qui/ quis
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cuidam
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dat. of quidam
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cuidam
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dat. of quisquam
to/ from anyone/ anything |
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cuius
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gen. s. of qui/ quis
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cuiusdam
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gen. s. of quidam
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culpa ae
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1f. fault;
blame (often of sexual misconduct) |
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culter cultri
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2m knife
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cum (+abl)
cum (+subj) |
with;
when, since, although |
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cum semel
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as soon as
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cum ... tum
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both ... and
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cunctor
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1 dep. I delay; hesitate
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cunctus a um
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all, the whole of
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cupiditas cupiditatis
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3f. lust, greed, desire
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cupio cupiui cupitus
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3/4 I desire, yearn for;
want desperately |
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cur
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why?
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cura ae
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1f. care;
worry concern |
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curo
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1. I look after, care for;
see to it that |
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cursus us
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4m running;
course; direction; voyage |
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custos custodis
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3m. and f. guard
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de (+abl.)
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about, concerning;
from, down from |
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debeo
|
2 I ought (+inf.);
I owe |
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decem
|
ten
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decet
|
2 it befits (x acc. to y inf.)
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decimus a um
|
tenth
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decipio decepi deceptus
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3/4 I deceive
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decus decoris
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3nt. honour; beauty
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dedecet
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2 it is unseemly (for x acc. to y inf.)
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dedecori est
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it is a disgrace (for x dat.)
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dedo dedidi deditus
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3 I hand over, surrender
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deduco deduxi deductus
|
3 I lead away, lead down
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defendo defendi defensus
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3 I defend
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defero deferre detuli delatus
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I report, bring news of;
accuse, denounce; transfer |
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dein, deinde
|
then, next
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deleo deleui deletus
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2 I destroy
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denique
|
finally;
in a word |
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descendo descendi descensum
|
3 I descend
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desum deesse defui
|
I am missing, am lacking;
fail; abandon (+dat) |
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deus i
|
2m god
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dexter dextra dextrum
|
1f. right hand
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di
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nom. pl. of deus
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dic
|
imperative s. of dico, speak!
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dico dixi dictus
|
3 I speak, say
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dies die-i
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5m. and f. day
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in dies
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day by day
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difficilis e
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difficult
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diffido diffisus (+ dat)
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3 semi-dep. I distrust
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dignitas dignitatis
|
3f. disctinction, position;
honour; rank, high office |
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dignus a um
|
worthy;
worthy of (+abl.) |
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diligentia ae
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1f. care, diligence
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diligens diligentis
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careful, diligent
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diligo dilexi dilectus
|
3 I love
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dimico
|
1 I fight
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dimitto dimisi dimissus
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3 I send away
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discedo discessi discessum
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3 I depart
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discedo in sententiam (+ gen)
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I go over to x's view
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discordia ae
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1f. strife, quarrel
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dispono disposui dispositus
|
3 I set, place (in different places)
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diu
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for a long time
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diutius
|
for a longer time
any longer |
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diutissime
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for the longest time
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diversus a um
|
different
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diues diuitis
|
rich (as noun 3m. rich man)
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diuitiae arum
|
1f. pl. riches
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diuus i
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2m god
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do dedi datus
|
1 I give
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operam do
|
I pay attention to (x dat)
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doctus a um
|
skilled (in x: abl.)
learned |
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doleo
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2 I suffer pain, grieve
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dolor doloris
|
3m pain, anguish
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dolus i
|
2m trick
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domi
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at home
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dominus i
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2m master
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domo
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from home
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domum
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to home, homewards
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domus us
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4f. (irr.) house, home
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dono
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1 I give
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dormio
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4 I sleep
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dos dotis
|
3f dowry
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dubito
|
1 I doubt;
hesitate (+inf.) |
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dubius a um
|
doubtful
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duc
|
imperative s. of duco, lead!
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ducenti ae a
|
200
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duco duxi ductus
|
3 I lead;
I think, consider |
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dulcis e
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sweet
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dum (+indic)
dum (+indic./ subj.) dum (+subj.) |
while;
until; provided that |
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duo duae duo
|
two
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duodecim
|
12
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duodeuiginti
|
18
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dux ducis
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3m leader
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e (+abl.), ex
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out of, from
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ebrius a um
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drunk
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ecce
|
look!
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educo eduxi eductus
|
3 I lead out
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efficio effeci effectus
|
3/4 I bring about (ut +subj.);
cause, make; complete |
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effugio effugi ----
|
3/4 I escape
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egeo
|
2 I lack, need, am in want of (+abl. or gen.)
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ego
|
I
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egredior egressus
|
3/4 I go/ come out
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egregius a um
|
outstanding, excellent
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enim
|
for (2nd word)
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eo ire ii itum
|
I go/ come
|
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eo (adv)
|
to that place, in that direction
therefore, for that reason, consequently |
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quo + comparative .... eo + comparative
|
'the more x .... the more y'
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eques equitis
|
3m. horseman;
pl. cavalry; 'knight' |
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equitatus us
|
4m. cavalry
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equus i
|
2m horse
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ergo
|
therefore
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eripio eripui ereptus
|
3/4 I snatch away,
I rescue (x acc. from y dat.) |
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erro
|
1. I am wrong;
I wander |
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et
|
and;
also, too; even |
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et ... et
|
both.... and
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etiam
|
still, even, as well;
yes indeed |
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non solum ... sed etiam
non modo ... sed etiam |
not only ... but only
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etiam atque etiam
|
again and again
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etsi
|
although, even though, even if
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ex (e) (+abl)
|
out of, from
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excedo excessi excessum
|
3 I depart, go out;
surpass |
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excipio excepi exceptus
|
3/4 I sustain, receive;
I welcome; I catch; I make an exception of |
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excogito
|
1 I think up, devise
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excuso
|
1 I excuse
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exemplum i
|
2nt copy;
example |
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exeo exire exii exitum
|
I go/ come out
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exercitus us
|
4m army
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existimo
|
1 I think, consider
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exitium i
|
2nt death, destruction
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exorior exortus
|
4 dep. I arise
(cf. orior, ortus - I rise, rise up, get up; adorior, adortus - I rise up against) |
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explico
|
1 I tell, explain
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expugno
|
1 I storm
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exsilium i
|
2nt exile
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exspecto
|
1 I await, wait for
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extremus a um
|
furthest, foreign, strange
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fabula ae
|
1f story; play
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fac
|
imperative s. of facio, do!
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facetiae arum
|
1f. pl. wit
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facies faci-ei
|
5f appearance;
face |
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facilis e
|
easy
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facinus facinoris
|
3nt deed;
crime; endeavour |
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facio feci factus
|
3/4 I make, do
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certiorem facio
|
I inform x (acc.)
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facio ut (+subj.)
|
I bring it about that
(cf. efficio/ perficio ut) |
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factum i
|
2nt deed
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fama ae
|
1f rumour, report;
reputation |
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familia ae
|
1f household
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fanum i
|
2nt shrine
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faveo favi fautum
|
2 I am favourable (+dat)
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femina ae
|
1f. woman
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fer
|
imperative s. of fero, bring!
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fere
|
almost
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ferio
|
4 I strike;
beat; kill (perfect active and passive tenses supplied by percussi percussus) |
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fero ferre tuli latus
|
I bear;
I lead |
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me fero
|
I charge
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condicionem ferre
|
to make terms
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ferocia ae
|
1f. fierceness
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ferociter
|
fiercely
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ferrum i
|
2nt. sword; iron
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festino
|
1 I hurry
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fides fid-ei
|
5f loyalty, honour;
trust, faith; promise; protection |
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fidus a um
|
faithful, loyal
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filia ae
|
1f daughter
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filius i
|
2m son
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fingo finxi fictus
|
3 I make up, fabricate
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fio fieri factus
|
I become;
I am done, am made (passive of facio) |
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certior fio
|
I am informed
|
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flamma ae
|
1f. flame
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fleo feui fletum
|
2 I weep
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flumen fluminis
|
3nt river
|
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fore
|
= futurum esse = to be about to be
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fore ut (+subj.)
|
that it will/ would turn out that...
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foris foris
|
3f. door
|
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forma ae
|
1f shape, looks;
beauty |
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formosus a um
|
handsome, graceful, shapely
|
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fortasse
|
perhaps
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forte
|
by chance, perchance
(cf. fors, fortis 3f, luck, chance) |
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fortis e
|
brave, courageous;
strong |
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fortuna ae
|
1f fortune, luck;
pl. wealth |
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fortunatus a um
|
fortunate, lucky (in x: abl.)
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forum i
|
2nt forum
|
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frango fregi fractus
|
3 I break
|
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frater fratris
|
3m brother
|
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frigus frigoris
|
3nt cold;
pl. cold spells |
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fruor fructus
|
3 dep. I enjoy (+abl.)
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frustra
|
in vain
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fuga ae
|
1f flight
|
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fugio fugi figuturus
|
3/4 I escape, run off, flee
|
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fugo
|
1 I put to flight
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fulgeo fulsi ----
|
2 I shine
|
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fur furis
|
3m thief
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furor furoris
|
3m rage, fury; madness
|
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guadium i
|
2nt joy
|
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gens gentis
|
3f tribe, race, family, people
|
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genus generis
|
3nt. family; stock; tribe;
type, kind |
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gero gessi gestus
|
3 I do, conduct
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gladius i
|
2m sword
|
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gloria ae
|
1f glory, renown, fame
|
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gradior gressus
|
3/4 dep. I step, walk, go
(cf. in compounds -gredior) |
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gratia ae
|
1f thanks, recompense
|
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gratias ago (+dat)
|
I thank
|
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gratus a um
|
pleasing (to x dat.)
|
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gravis e
|
serious, important, weighty;
heavy |
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gravitas gravitatis
|
3f seriousness; solemnity;
importance, authority |
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habeo
|
2 I have; hold, regard
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negotium habeo
|
I conduct business
|
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orationem habeo
|
I make a speech
|
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habito
|
1 I dwell
|
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hac
|
this way
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harena ae
|
1f. sand
|
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haud
|
not
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hic haec hoc
|
this; this person, thing;
pl. these |
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hic
|
here
(this) |
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hinc
|
from here
|
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hodie
|
today
|
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homo hominis
|
3m. man, fellow
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honor honor-is
|
3m honour, respect, reward
|
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hora ae
|
1f hour
|
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hortor
|
1 dep. I urge, encourage
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hospes hospitis
|
3m. host;
friend; guest; connection |
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hostis host-is
|
3m enemy
|
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huc
|
to here
|
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humus i
|
2f ground
|
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humi
|
on the ground (locative)
(humus, i 2f. = ground) |
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humum
|
to the ground
(humus, i 2f. = ground) |
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i
|
imperative s. of eo, go!
|
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iaceo
|
2 I lie, lie down, lie ill
|
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iacto
|
1 I discuss;
throw; boast; toss about |
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iam
|
now, by now, already;
presently |
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ianua ae
|
1f door
|
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ibi
|
there
|
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idcirco
|
therefore,
for this/ that reason |
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idem eadem idem
|
the same
|
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idoneus a um
|
suitable (for),
qualified (for) (+ dat.) |
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igitur
|
therefore
|
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ignauia ae
|
1f. laziness; cowardice
|
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ignauus a um
|
lazy, cowardly
|
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ignis ignis
|
3m. fire
|
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ignosco ignoui ignotum
|
3 I forgive (+dat.)
|
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ille illa illud
|
that;
that person, thing; pl. those |
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illic
|
there
|
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illinc
|
from there
|
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illuc
|
to there
|
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illustris e
|
famous
|
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imitor
|
1 dep. I imitate
|
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immo
|
more precisely
i.e. no or yes (a strong agreement or disagreement with what precedes) |
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immortalis e
|
immortal
|
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impedimentum i
|
2nt hindrance
|
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|
impedimento sum (+dat)
|
I am a hindrance (to)
|
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impedio
|
4 I prevent, impede, hinder
|
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|
imperator imperatoris
|
3m. leader, general, commander
|
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imperium i
|
2nt order, command;
power, authority; dominion |
|
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impero
|
1 I give orders (to),
I command (+dat.: often followed by ut/ ne +subj. 'to / not to') |
|
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impetro
|
1 I gain by request, am granted
|
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|
impetus us
|
4m. attack
|
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impetum facio
|
I make an attack
|
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impius a um
|
with no respect for gods, parents or fatherland
|
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|
impono imposui impositus
|
3 I put x (acc.) on y (dat.)
|
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in (+acc.)
in (abl.) |
into, onto; against
in, on |
|
|
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incendium, i
|
2nt fire
|
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|
|
incendo incendi incensus
|
3 I set fire to;
I burn (trans.) |
|
|
|
incertus a um
|
uncertain
|
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|
|
ineo inire inii initum
|
I enter, go in
|
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|
inermis e
|
unarmed
|
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|
|
infestus a um
|
hostile;
at the ready; indicating attack |
|
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|
inflammatus a um
|
inflamed, on fire
|
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|
ingenium, i
|
2nt talent, ability
|
|
|
|
ingens ingentis
|
huge, large, lavish
|
|
|
|
ingredior ingressus
|
3/4 dep. I enter
|
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inimicus a um
|
hostile, enemy
|
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|
|
innocens innocentis
|
guiltless
|
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|
inquam
|
I say
(inquis, inquit; inquiunt) |
|
|
|
insidiae, arum
|
1f. pl. trap, ambush
|
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|
|
inspicio inspexi inspectus
|
3/4 I look into, inspect, examine
|
|
|
|
instituo institui institutus
|
3 I begin;
I construct; I resolve |
|
|
|
insto institi ----
|
1 I stand in/ on
I press upon; I urge, pursue; I I am at hand, approach; strive after |
|
|
|
instruo instruxi instructus
|
3 I draw up;
prepare, equip |
|
|
|
insum inesse infui
|
I am in (+dat)
|
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|
|
integer integra integrum
|
whole, untouched
|
|
|
|
intellego intellexi intellectus
|
3 I perceive, understand,
comprehend, grasp |
|
|
|
inter (+acc.)
|
among;
between |
|
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|
interea
|
meanwhile
|
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|
|
interficio interfeci interfectus
|
3/4 I kill
|
|
|
|
interrogo
|
1 I ask
|
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|
|
intro intrare
|
1 I enter
(cf. adv.) |
|
|
|
intro (adv)
|
inside
|
|
|
|
invenio inveni inuentum
|
4 I find
|
|
|
|
invideo invidi invisum
|
2 I envy, begrudge (+dat)
|
|
|
|
inuitus a um
|
unwilling
|
|
|
|
iocus i
|
2m joke, joking, fun
|
|
|
|
ipse ipsa ipsum
|
very, actual, self
|
|
|
|
irascor iratus
|
3 dep. I grow angry
(with x: dat) |
|
|
|
iratus a um
|
angry
|
|
|
|
irrideo irrisi irrisus
|
2 I laugh at, mock
|
|
|
|
is ea id
|
that; he/ she/ it
|
|
|
|
iste ista istud
|
that of yours
|
|
|
|
ita
|
so, thus; yes
|
|
|
|
itaque
|
and so, therfore
|
|
|
|
item
|
likewise
|
|
|
|
iter iterinis
|
3nt journey, route
|
|
|
|
iterum
|
again
|
|
|
|
iubeo iussi iussus
|
2 I order, command, tell
|
|
|
|
iucundus a um
|
pleasant
|
|
|
|
iudex iudicis
|
3m judge
|
|
|
|
iudico
|
1 I judge
|
|
|
|
ius iuris
|
3nt law, justice
|
|
|
|
ius iurandum, iuris iurandi
|
3nt. oath
|
|
|
|
iussu
|
by the order (of x: gen.)
|
|
|
|
iuuat
|
1 it pleases
|
|
|
|
iuuenis iuuenis
|
3m. young man
|
|
|
|
labor lapsus
|
3 dep. I slip, glide, fall down;
make a mistake |
|
|
|
labor laboris
|
3m toil, hard work;
trouble |
|
|
|
lacertus i
|
2m arm, upper arm
lizard |
|
|
|
laedo laesi laesus
|
3 I harm, wound, offend, annoy
|
|
|
|
laetitia ae
|
1f. merriment, festivity, joy
|
|
|
|
laetus a um
|
happy
|
|
|
|
latebrae arum
|
1f. pl. hiding-place, lair
|
|
|
|
latro latronis
|
3m robber, bandit
|
|
|
|
latus lateris
|
3nt. side; flank
|
|
|
|
lectus i
|
2m couch, bed
|
|
|
|
legatus i
|
2m commander;
pl. ambassadors |
|
|
|
legio legionis
|
3f legion
|
|
|
|
lego legi lectus
|
3 I read
|
|
|
|
lepos leporis
|
3m charm
|
|
|
|
lex legis
|
3f law
|
|
|
|
liber libera um
|
free
|
|
|
|
liberi orum
|
2m pl. children
|
|
|
|
libero, -are
|
1 I free, release
|
|
|
|
libertas libertatis
|
3f freedom, liberty
|
|
|
|
libet
|
2 it pleases (x dat. to y inf.)
x chooses to y (perf. libuit, or libitum est) |
|
|
|
libido libidinis
|
3f lust
|
|
|
|
licet
|
2 it is permitted (to x dat. to y inf.)
|
|
|
|
lictor lictoris
|
3m magistrate's attendant,
lictor |
|
|
|
lingua ae
|
1f tongue;
language |
|
|
|
litterae arum
|
1f. pl. letter;
literature |
|
|
|
litus litoris
|
3nt shore
|
|
|
|
locus i
|
2m place
pl. loca, locorum (2nt) |
|
|
|
longe
|
far
|
|
|
|
longus a um
|
long
|
|
|
|
loquor locutus
|
3 dep. I am speaking, say
|
|
|
|
lictus us
|
4m grief, mourning
|
|
|
|
ludo lusi lusum
|
3 I play
|
|
|
|
lumen luminis
|
3nt light;
pl. eyes |
|
|
|
luna ae
|
1f moon
|
|
|
|
lux lucis
|
3f. light
|
|
|
|
magis
|
more
|
|
|
|
magistratus us
|
4m magistrate, state official
|
|
|
|
magnopere
|
greatly
|
|
|
|
magnus a um
|
great, large
|
|
|
|
maior maior-is
|
greater, bigger
|
|
|
|
malo malle malui
|
I prefer (x quam y)
|
|
|
|
malum i
|
2m trouble, evil
|
|
|
|
malus a um
|
bad, evil, wicked
|
|
|
|
mando
|
1 I entrust (x acc. to y dat.);
I order (x dat. to y ut +subj.) |
|
|
|
maneo mansi mansum
|
2 I remain, wait
|
|
|
|
manifestus a um
|
in the open;
obvious, clear; caught in the act |
|
|
|
manus us
|
4f hand;
band |
|
|
|
mare maris
|
3nt sea
(abl. mari) |
|
|
|
matrona ae
|
1f wife, mother;
lady |
|
|
|
maxime
|
very much;
most; yes |
|
|
|
maximus a um
|
very great, biggest
|
|
|
|
me
|
acc. or abl. of ego
|
|
|
|
meditor
|
1 dep. I think, ponder on;
I practise |
|
|
|
medius a um
|
middle (of)
|
|
|
|
melior melior-is
|
better
|
|
|
|
melius (adv.)
|
better
|
|
|
|
membrum i
|
2nt limb
|
|
|
|
memini
|
I remember
(perf. form) |
|
|
|
memor memoris
|
remembering (x: gen);
mindful of (x: gen.) |
|
|
|
memoria ae
|
1f. remembering, memory,
recollection; record |
|
|
|
mendax, mendacis
|
lying, truthful
|
|
|
|
mens mentis
|
3f. mind, reason, intellect
|
|
|
|
mentio mentionis
|
3f mention
|
|
|
|
mentior
|
4 dep. I lie
|
|
|
|
meretrix meretricis
|
3f. prostitute
|
|
|
|
merus a um
|
unmixed (wine), pure, bare, sheer
|
|
|
|
metus us
|
4m. fear, terrror
|
|
|
|
meus a um
|
my, mine
|
|
|
|
miles militis
|
3m soldier
|
|
|
|
milia milium
|
3nt pl. thousands
|
|
|
|
militaris e
|
military
|
|
|
|
mille
|
1000
(pl. milia) |
|
|
|
minime
|
very little; no
|
|
|
|
minimus a um
|
smallest, fewest, least
|
|
|
|
minor
|
1 dep. I threaten (+dat)
|
|
|
|
minor minoris
|
smaller, fewer, less
|
|
|
|
minus (adv)
|
less
|
|
|
|
mirus a um
|
amazing, wonderful
|
|
|
|
miser misera um
|
miserable, unhappy, wretched
|
|
|
|
miserandus a um
|
to be pitied
|
|
|
|
miseret
|
2 it moves (x acc.) to pity (y gen.)
|
|
|
|
misericors misericordis
|
compassionate
|
|
|
|
mitto misi missus
|
3 I send; throw
|
|
|
|
modestus a um
|
chaste, modest, discreet
|
|
|
|
modo
|
now; only
|
|
|
|
modo .... modo
|
at one time ... at another
|
|
|
|
modus i
|
2m way, fashion, manner
|
|
|
|
moenia moenium
|
3nt pl. walls, fortifications
|
|
|
|
moneo
|
2 I advise, warn
|
|
|
|
mons montis
|
3m mountain
|
|
|
|
mora ae
|
1f. dleay
|
|
|
|
more
|
in the manner of,
like (+gen) (mos, moris, 3m, custom, habit) |
|
|
|
morior mortuus
|
3/4 I die, am dying
|
|
|
|
mors mortis
|
3f. death
|
|
|
|
mos moris
|
3m way, habit, custom;
pl. character |
|
|
|
moueo moui motus
|
2 I remove (from: abl.);
move; cause, begin |
|
|
|
mox
|
soon, next
|
|
|
|
mulier mulieris
|
3f. woman, wife
|
|
|
|
multitudo multitudinis
|
3f mob, crowd, number
|
|
|
|
multo
|
(by) much, far
|
|
|
|
multum (adv)
|
much
|
|
|
|
multus a um
|
much, many
|
|
|
|
munus, muneris
|
3nt. gift; duty
|
|
|
|
muto
|
1. I change, alter, exchange
|
|
|
|
nam
|
for
|
|
|
|
narro
|
1 I tell, relate
|
|
|
|
natura ae
|
1f. nature
|
|
|
|
natus a um
|
born of/ from (abl.)
|
|
|
|
navigo
|
1 I sail
|
|
|
|
nauis nauis
|
3f. ship
|
|
|
|
nauta ae
|
1m sailor
|
|
|
|
-ne
|
= ?
(added to the first word of the sentence) |
|
|
|
ne (+subj.)
|
'not to', '
that x should not ....; lest, in order that not in order not to; that, lest; (+perf. subj.) 'don't' |
|
|
|
ne .... quidem
|
not even
(emphasising the word in between) |
|
|
|
ne quis
|
that no one
in order that no one |
|
|
|
nec
|
and ... not;
neither; nor |
|
|
|
necesse est
|
it is necessary (for x dat. to y inf.)
|
|
|
|
necessitudo necessitudinis
|
3f necessity
|
|
|
|
neco
|
1 I kill
|
|
|
|
nefarius a um
|
wicked, vile, criminal
|
|
|
|
neglentia ae
|
1f carelessness
|
|
|
|
neglego neglexi neglectus
|
3 I ignore, overlook, neglect
|
|
|
|
nego
|
1 I deny, say that x is not the case (acc. +inf.)
|
|
|
|
negotium i
|
2nt business, work, duty
|
|
|
|
negotium habeo
|
I do business
|
|
|
|
quid negoti?
|
what (of) business/ problem/ trouble?
|
|
|
|
nemo neminis
|
3m. no one, nobody
|
|
|
|
neque
|
and ... not;
neither; nor (also nec) |
|
|
|
nequitia ae
|
1f. wickedness
|
|
|
|
nescio
|
4 I do not know
|
|
|
|
nescius a um
|
ignorant (of: gen.)
|
|
|
|
neuve (+subj.)
neu |
and not to
and that x should not.... |
|
|
|
niger nigra nigrum
|
black
|
|
|
|
nihil
|
nothing
(indecl. n.) |
|
|
|
nihili
|
of no value
worthless |
|
|
|
nihilominus
|
nevertheless
|
|
|
|
nil
|
= nihil nothing
|
|
|
|
nimis
|
too much (of x: gen.)
|
|
|
|
nisi
|
unless,
if .... not; except |
|
|
|
nitor nixus or nisus
|
3 dep. I lean on (+abl.);
I strive, exert myself |
|
|
|
nix nivis
|
3f snow
|
|
|
|
nobilis e
|
renowned, distinguished;
well-born, noble |
|
|
|
noceo
|
2 I harm (+dat)
|
|
|
|
noctu
|
by night
|
|
|
|
noli (+inf)
|
do not
|
|
|
|
nol nolle nolui
|
I refuse, am unwilling (+inf.)
|
|
|
|
nomen nominis
|
3nt name
|
|
|
|
nomino
|
1 I name
|
|
|
|
non
|
not
|
|
|
|
non nulli ae a
|
some
|
|
|
|
nonaginta
|
90
|
|
|
|
nondum
|
not yet
|
|
|
|
nonne
|
surely?
|
|
|
|
nonus a um
|
ninth
|
|
|
|
nos
|
we
|
|
|
|
nosco noui notus
|
3 I get to know
(perf. tense = I know etc.) |
|
|
|
noster nostra um
|
our
|
|
|
|
notus a um
|
known, well-known
|
|
|
|
novus a um
|
new
|
|
|
|
nox noctis
|
3f night
|
|
|
|
nudo
|
1 I strip
|
|
|
|
nudus a um
|
naked
|
|
|
|
num
num (+ subj.) |
surely ... not?
whether (indirect question) |
|
|
|
numerus i
|
2m number
|
|
|
|
nummus i
|
2m coin;
pl. money |
|
|
|
numquam
|
never
|
|
|
|
nunc
|
now
|
|
|
|
nuntio
|
1 I announce, proclaim
|
|
|
|
nuntius i
|
2m messenger
|
|
|
|
nuptiae arum
|
1f. pl. marriage-rites
|
|
|
|
ob (+acc.)
|
on account of, because of
|
|
|
|
obduro
|
1 I am firm, hold out,
persist |
|
|
|
obliuiscor oblitus
|
3 dep. I forget, (+gen.)
|
|
|
|
obscurus a um
|
dark;
obscure; mean, ignoble |
|
|
|
obsecro
|
1 I beseech, beg
|
|
|
|
obsideo obsedi obsessus
|
2 I besiege
(cf. circumsideo/sedeo - I besiege) |
|
|
|
obsto obstiti -----
|
1 I stand in the way of, obstruct (+dat)
|
|
|
|
occasio occasionis
|
3f opportunity
|
|
|
|
occidi
|
I'm done for!
|
|
|
|
occido occidi occassum
|
3 I fall, die; set
(cf. occido occidi occisus - I kill) |
|
|
|
occido occidi occisus
|
3 I kill
(cf. occido occidi occasum - I fall, die; set) |
|
|
|
occupo
|
1 I seize
|
|
|
|
occurro occurri occursum
|
3 I kill
|
|
|
|
octavus a um
|
eighth
|
|
|
|
octo
|
eight
|
|
|
|
octoginta
|
80
|
|
|
|
oculus i
|
2m eye
|
|
|
|
offendo offendi offensus
|
3 I meet with;
I offend |
|
|
|
officium i
|
2nt duty, job
|
|
|
|
omitto omisi omissus
|
3 I give up;
I let fall; I omit, leave aside |
|
|
|
omnino
|
altogether, completely
|
|
|
|
omnis e
omnia |
all, every;
omnia = everything |
|
|
|
oneri est
|
it is a burden (to x: dat.)
|
|
|
|
onus oneris
|
3nt. load, burden
|
|
|
|
opera ae
|
1f. attention;
service |
|
|
|
operam do (+dat.)
|
I pay attention to
|
|
|
|
opes opum
|
3f. pl. resources;
wealth (s. ops, opis, help, aid) |
|
|
|
opinor
|
1 dep. I think
|
|
|
|
oportet
|
2 it is right/ fitting for x (acc.) to y (inf.),
x (acc.) ought to y (inf.) |
|
|
|
oppidum i
|
2nt town
|
|
|
|
opportunus a um
|
strategic, suitable, favourable
|
|
|
|
opprimo oppressi oppressus
|
3 I surprise;
I catch; I crush |
|
|
|
oppugno
|
1. I attack
|
|
|
|
optime (adv.)
|
best
|
|
|
|
optimus a um
|
3nt. best
|
|
|
|
opus operis
|
3nt. job, work, task;
fortification |
|
|
|
opus est (+abl)
|
there is need of
|
|
|
|
oraclum, i
oraculum, i |
2nt oracle
|
|
|
|
oratio orationis
|
3f speech
|
|
|
|
orationem habeo
|
I make a speech
|
|
|
|
ordo ordinis
|
3m. rank;
order (eg. section of society or line of soldiers) |
|
|
|
orior ortus
|
4 dep. I rise;
I spring from, originate |
|
|
|
oro
|
1 I beg, pray
|
|
|
|
os oris
|
3nt face; mouth
|
|
|
|
ostendo ostendi ostensus (ostentus)
|
3 I show, reveal
|
|
|
|
otiosus a um
|
at leisure
|
|
|
|
otium i
|
2nt cessation of conflict;
leisure, inactivity |
|
|
|
ouis ouis
|
3f. sheep
|
|
|
|
paene
|
almost
|
|
|
|
paenitet
|
2 x (acc.) regrets y (gen.)
|
|
|
|
palam
|
openly
|
|
|
|
pando pandi passus
|
3 I spread out, extend;
I throw open, disclose |
|
|
|
par par-is
|
equal
|
|
|
|
par ac
|
equivalent to
(cf. par, paris - equal) |
|
|
|
pariter ac
|
equally as
(cf. par, paris - equal) |
|
|
|
parco peperci parsurus
|
3 I spare (+dat)
(cf. pario peperi partus - I bring forth, bear, produce; obtain, acquire) |
|
|
|
parens parentis
|
3m. father, parent
f. mother |
|
|
|
pareo
|
2 I obey (+dat.), attend to
I appear, am visible, evident |
|
|
|
pario peperi partus
|
3/4 I bring forth, bear, produce; obtain, acquire.
(cf. parco peperci parsurus - I spare) |
|
|
|
paro
|
1 I prepare, get ready;
provide, obtain |
|
|
|
pars partis
|
3f. part;
side |
|
|
|
alii... pars
pars .... pars |
some .... others
(cf. pars, partis - part, side) |
|
|
|
parvus a um
|
small
|
|
|
|
patefacio patefeci patefactus
|
3/4 I reveal, expose,
throw open |
|
|
|
pater patris
|
3m father
|
|
|
|
patior passus
|
3/4 endure, suffer;
allow |
|
|
|
patria ae
|
1f fatherland
|
|
|
|
paucia ae a
|
a few
|
|
|
|
paulatim
|
little by little,
gradually |
|
|
|
paulo
|
slightly
|
|
|
|
paulum
|
a little, slightly
|
|
|
|
pauper pauperis
|
3m poor man;
adj. poor |
|
|
|
pax pacis
|
3f peace
|
|
|
|
pecunia ae
|
1f. money
|
|
|
|
peior peioris
|
worse
|
|
|
|
per (+acc.)
|
through, by ;
in the name of |
|
|
|
perdo perdidi perditus
|
3 I lose;
I destroy |
|
|
|
pereo perire perii peritum
|
I perish, die
|
|
|
|
perfero perferre pertuli perlatus
|
I endure (to the end);
I complete; I carry to; I announce |
|
|
|
perficio perfeci perfectus
|
3/4 I finish, complete,
carry out; |
|
|
|
perficio ut
|
I bring it about that
|
|
|
|
pergo perrexi perrectum
|
3 I go on, go ahead, continue
|
|
|
|
periculum i
|
2nt danger
|
|
|
|
perii
|
I'm lost
|
|
|
|
perinde ac
|
in like manner as,
just as |
|
|
|
perlego perlegi perlectus
|
3 I read through, peruse
|
|
|
|
perscribo perscripsi perscriptus
|
3 I write in detail
|
|
|
|
persequor persecutus
|
3 dep. I puruse, follow after
|
|
|
|
persuadeo persuasi persuasum
|
2 I persuade (+dat.)
(to/ not to ut/ ne +subj.) |
|
|
|
pervenio perveni perventum
|
4 I reach, arrive at, come to (ad + acc.)
|
|
|
|
pes pedis
|
3m foot
|
|
|
|
pessime
|
worst, very badly
|
|
|
|
pessimus a um
|
worst
|
|
|
|
peto petiui petitus
|
3 I beg;
I seek; I proposition, court; I attack, make for; I stand for (public office) |
|
|
|
pietas pietatis
|
3f respect for the gods (family, home and native land)
|
|
|
|
pilum i
|
2 nt. heavy javelin
|
|
|
|
pirata ae
|
1m pirate
|
|
|
|
placet
|
2 it is pleasing (to x dat. to y inf.);
x (dat.) votes (to y inf.) |
|
|
|
plane
|
clearly
|
|
|
|
planus a um
|
level, flat;
plain, distinct |
|
|
|
plenus a um
|
full (of) (+gen. or abl.)
|
|
|
|
plerique pleraeque pleraque
|
the majority of
|
|
|
|
plures plurium
|
more
|
|
|
|
plurimum (adv)
|
most, a lot
|
|
|
|
plurimus a um
|
most, very much
|
|
|
|
plus pluris
|
3nt more;
adv. more |
|
|
|
poena ae
|
1f. penalty
|
|
|
|
polliceor
|
2 dep. I promise
|
|
|
|
pono posui positus
|
3 I place, position, put;
I lay aside |
|
|
|
pons pontis
|
3m bridge
|
|
|
|
populus i
|
2m people
|
|
|
|
porro
|
besides, moreover
|
|
|
|
porto
|
1 I carry
|
|
|
|
portus us
|
4m harbour
|
|
|
|
posco poposci ----
|
3 I demand
|
|
|
|
possideo possedi possessus
|
2 I have, hold, possess
|
|
|
|
possum posse potui
|
I am able, can;
am powerful, have power (+adv.) |
|
|
|
post (adv)
post (+acc.) |
(adv) afterwards, later;
(+acc.) behind, after |
|
|
|
postea
|
afterwards
|
|
|
|
postquam
|
(conjunction) after
|
|
|
|
postremo
|
finally
|
|
|
|
postremus a um
|
last
|
|
|
|
postulo
|
1 I demand
|
|
|
|
potentia ae
|
1f power
|
|
|
|
potior (+gen.)
potior (+abl.) |
4 dep. I control (+gen.);
gain control of (+abl) |
|
|
|
potius quam
|
rather than
|
|
|
|
praebeo
|
2 I show, display;
provide, offer |
|
|
|
me praebeo
|
I show myself (to be x: acc. adj./ noun)
(praebeo 2 - I show, display, provide, offer) |
|
|
|
praecipio praecepi praeceptus
|
3/4 I instruct, give orders to (+dat.) (to/ not to - ut/ne +subj.)
I teach, order |
|
|
|
praeclarus a um
|
very famous, outstanding, brilliant
|
|
|
|
praeda ae
|
1f. booty
|
|
|
|
praedo praedonis
|
3m. pirate; robber
|
|
|
|
praefectus i
|
2m. captain, prefect;
adj. in charge of (+dat) |
|
|
|
praeficio praefeci praefectus
|
3/4 I put (x acc.) in charge of (y dat.)
|
|
|
|
praemium i
|
2nt reward, prize
|
|
|
|
praesens praesentis
|
present
|
|
|
|
praesidium i
|
2nt protection, defence, guard, garrison
|
|
|
|
praesum praeesse praefui
|
I am in charge of (+dat.)
I am present at |
|
|
|
praeterea
|
besides, moreover
|
|
|
|
praetereo praeterire praeterii praeteritus
|
3/4 I pass by;
I neglect, omit |
|
|
|
praetor, praetoris
|
3m. praetor (Roman state official)
|
|
|
|
precor
|
1 dep. I pray
|
|
|
|
premo pressi pressus
|
3 I press; oppress
|
|
|
|
primo
|
at first
|
|
|
|
primum (adv.)
ubi primum quam primum |
first
as soon as as soon as possible |
|
|
|
princeps principis
|
3m leader, chieftain;
adj. first |
|
|
|
pristinus a um
|
former; original
|
|
|
|
prius (adv)
|
before, earlier;
first |
|
|
|
priusquam
|
(conj.) before
|
|
|
|
pro (+abl.)
|
for, in return for;
on behalf of; in front of; instead of; in accordance with |
|
|
|
procurro procucurri procursum
|
3 I run forward, advance
|
|
|
|
proelium i
|
2nt battle
|
|
|
|
proficiscor profectus
|
3 dep. I set out
|
|
|
|
profugio profugi ----
|
3/4 I escape, flee away
|
|
|
|
progredior progressus
|
3/4 I advance
|
|
|
|
prohibeo
|
2 I prevent, hinder,
keep x (acc.) from y (abl./ 'a/ ab' +abl.) |
|
|
|
proicio proieci proiectus
|
3/4 I throw down
|
|
|
|
promitto promisi promissus
|
3 I promise
|
|
|
|
prope
prope (+acc.) |
almost;
near |
|
|
|
propero
|
1 I hurry, make haste
|
|
|
|
propius
|
nearer
|
|
|
|
propono proposui propositus
|
3 I set before;
I imagine; I offer |
|
|
|
propter (+acc.)
|
on account of
|
|
|
|
provideo providi provisus
|
2 I take care of (that)
|
|
|
|
provincia ae
|
1f province
|
|
|
|
proximus a um
|
nearest, next
|
|
|
|
pudet
|
2 x (acc.) is ashamed at/ for y (gen.)
|
|
|
|
pudor pudoris
|
3m. modesty, sense of shame
|
|
|
|
puella ae
|
1f girl
|
|
|
|
puer pueri
|
2m boy
|
|
|
|
pugna ae
|
1f battle, fight
|
|
|
|
pugno
|
1 I fight
|
|
|
|
pugnus i
|
2m fist
|
|
|
|
pucher pulchra um
|
beautiful
|
|
|
|
punio
|
4 I punish
|
|
|
|
putidus a um
|
rotten
|
|
|
|
puto
|
1 I think
|
|
|
|
qua
|
where, by which route
|
|
|
|
quadraginta
|
40
|
|
|
|
quadringenti ae a
|
400
|
|
|
|
quaero quaesiui quaesitus
|
3 I seek, look for;
I ask |
|
|
|
qual-is e
|
what sort of
|
|
|
|
talis .... qualis
|
of such a kind as
|
|
|
|
quam (+adj. or adv.)
quam (after comp.) |
how!
than |
|
|
|
tam ... quam
tam ... quam (+superl. adv.) |
as ... as
as .... as possible |
|
|
|
quam primum
|
as soon as possible
|
|
|
|
quamquam
|
although
|
|
|
|
quamuis (+subj.)
quamuis (+adj.) |
(+subj.) although;
(adj.) however |
|
|
|
quando
|
since, when
|
|
|
|
tanti ... quanti
|
of as much value .... as
|
|
|
|
quantum
|
as much as
|
|
|
|
quantus a um
|
how much, how great
|
|
|
|
quare
|
why?;
therefore |
|
|
|
quartus a um
|
fourth
|
|
|
|
quasi
|
as if, like
|
|
|
|
quattuor
|
four
|
|
|
|
quattuordecim
|
14
|
|
|
|
-que
|
and
|
|
|
|
quemadmodum
|
how
|
|
|
|
queror questus
|
3 dep. I complain
|
|
|
|
qui quae quod
|
which? what?;
who, which; (+subj.) since ; (+subj.) in order that/ to |
|
|
|
quia
|
because
|
|
|
|
quicumque quaecumque quodcumque
|
whoever, whatever
|
|
|
|
quid
|
what?;
why? |
|
|
|
quid consili?
|
what (of) plan?
|
|
|
|
quid negoti?
|
what (of) business?
what problem? what trouble? |
|
|
|
quidam quaedam quid-/quod-dam
|
a
a certain some |
|
|
|
quidem
|
indeed (places emphasis on the preceding word)
even at least (cf. quidam quaedam quoddam) |
|
|
|
ne ... quidem
|
not even (emphasising the enclosed word)
|
|
|
|
quies quietis
|
3f sleep, rest
|
|
|
|
quin (+subj.)
|
from ---ing;
so that not; (but) that |
|
|
|
quindecim
|
15
|
|
|
|
quingenti ae a
|
50
|
|
|
|
quinquaginta
|
50
|
|
|
|
quintus a um
|
fifth
|
|
|
|
quippe qui (quae quod)
|
in as much as he (she, it)
|
|
|
|
quis quid
|
who, what?
|
|
|
|
quis qua quid (after si, nisi, ne, num)
|
anyone, anything
|
|
|
|
quisquam quicquam (after negatives)
|
anyone
|
|
|
|
quisque quaeque quodque (quidque)
|
whoever, whatever
|
|
|
|
quo
|
to where?;
whither, to where; (+comp. +subj.) in order that ... more |
|
|
|
quo + comp. .... eo +comp.
|
the more ... the more...
|
|
|
|
quocumque
|
(to) wherever
|
|
|
|
quod
|
because
|
|
|
|
quod si
|
but if
|
|
|
|
quominus (+subj.)
|
so that ... not;
from ----ing |
|
|
|
quoque
|
also
|
|
|
|
quot
|
how many, of what number, as many
|
|
|
|
tot .... quot
|
as many as
|
|
|
|
rapio rapui raptus
|
3/4 I snatch, seize, carry away, plunder
|
|
|
|
ratio rationis
|
3f. plan, method;
reason; count, list; calculation |
|
|
|
recipio recepi receptus
|
3/4 I welcome, receive, take in
|
|
|
|
me recipio
|
I retreat
(recipio -ere = I welcome, receive, take in) |
|
|
|
recordor
|
1 dep. I remember
|
|
|
|
reddo reddidi redditus
|
3 I return, give back
|
|
|
|
redeo redire redii reditum
|
I return (intrans.)
|
|
|
|
reduco reduxi reductus
|
3 I lead back
|
|
|
|
religiosus a um
|
sacred, revered, holy, awesome
|
|
|
|
relinquo reliqui relictus
|
3 I leave, abandon
|
|
|
|
reliquus a um
|
remaining, left
|
|
|
|
remaneo remansi remansum
|
2 I remain
|
|
|
|
remitto remisi remissus
|
3 I send back; remit
|
|
|
|
reor ratus
|
2 dep. I think, believe, suppose
|
|
|
|
repello reppuli repulsus
|
3 I drive back, drive out
|
|
|
|
repente
|
suddenly
|
|
|
|
reperio repperi repertus
|
4 I hold back, check
|
|
|
|
requiro requisiui requisitus
|
3 I seek out; ask for
|
|
|
|
res re-i
|
5f. thing, matter, business;
property; affair |
|
|
|
res publica, rei publicae
|
state, republic
|
|
|
|
resisto restiti ----
|
3 I resist (+dat.);
stand back; halt, pause |
|
|
|
respicio respexi respectus
|
3/4 I look round (back at,
turn my gaze upon; reflect upon; care for |
|
|
|
respondeo respondi responsum
|
2 I reply
|
|
|
|
retineo retinui retentus
|
2 I hold back, detain,
restrain; maintain |
|
|
|
revertor reversus
|
3 dep. I return
|
|
|
|
revoco
|
1 I call back
|
|
|
|
rex regis
|
3m king
|
|
|
|
ripa ae
|
1f bank
|
|
|
|
rogo
|
1 I ask
|
|
|
|
rumor rumoris
|
3m rumour, (piece of) gossip, unfavourable report
|
|
|
|
sacer sacra um
|
holy, sacred
|
|
|
|
sacerdos sacerdotis
|
3m or f. priest, priestess
|
|
|
|
saepe
|
often
|
|
|
|
saeuus a um
|
wild;
angry |
|
|
|
saltem
|
at least
|
|
|
|
salve
|
welcome!
|
|
|
|
salus salutis
|
3f. safety
|
|
|
|
salutem dicit
(S. or S.D. at a letter-head) |
'he greets'
|
|
|
|
saluus a um
|
safe
|
|
|
|
sanguis sanguinis
|
3m blood
|
|
|
|
sapientia ae
|
1f wisdom
|
|
|
|
satis
|
enough (of) (+gen.)
|
|
|
|
saucius a um
|
wounded
|
|
|
|
scaena ae
|
1f stage
|
|
|
|
scelestus a um
|
criminal
|
|
|
|
scelus sceleris
|
3nt crime, villainy;
criminal, villain |
|
|
|
scio
|
4 I know
|
|
|
|
scribo scripsi scriptus
|
3 I write
|
|
|
|
se
|
himself, herself, itself/ themselves
|
|
|
|
secum
|
with/ to himself/ herself
|
|
|
|
secundus a um
|
second
|
|
|
|
securis securis
|
3f. axe
|
|
|
|
sed
|
but
|
|
|
|
sedecim
|
16
|
|
|
|
semel
|
once
|
|
|
|
cum semel
|
as soon as
|
|
|
|
semper
|
always
|
|
|
|
senatus us
|
4m senate
|
|
|
|
senex senis
|
3m old man
|
|
|
|
sententia ae
|
1f. opinion;
judgement; sentence; maxim |
|
|
|
sentio sensi sensus
|
4 I feel; understand;
perceive, realise |
|
|
|
septem
|
seven
|
|
|
|
septendecim
|
17
|
|
|
|
septimus a um
|
seventh
|
|
|
|
setuaginta
|
70
|
|
|
|
sepulchrum i
sepulcrum i |
2nt tomb
|
|
|
|
sequor secutus
|
3 I follow
|
|
|
|
sermo sermonis
|
3m conversation, discussion
|
|
|
|
serva ae
|
1f slave-woman
|
|
|
|
servo
|
1 I keep safe, preserve
|
|
|
|
seruus i
|
2m slave
|
|
|
|
sese
|
sese = se
himself, herself, itself, themselves |
|
|
|
seu (or siue) ... seu (sive)
|
whether ... or
|
|
|
|
severus a um
|
strict, stern
|
|
|
|
sex
|
six
|
|
|
|
sexaginta
|
60
|
|
|
|
sextus a um
|
sixth
|
|
|
|
si
|
if
|
|
|
|
quod si
|
but if
|
|
|
|
sic
|
thus, in this way, so
|
|
|
|
sicuti (sicut)
|
(just) as
|
|
|
|
sidus sideris
|
3nt star
(3nt latus lateris - side, flank) |
|
|
|
signum i
|
2nt seal, signal, sign;
standard; trumpet-call |
|
|
|
silva ae
|
1f wood
|
|
|
|
sim
|
pres. subj. of sum
|
|
|
|
similis e
|
alike, similar, like (+gen.)
|
|
|
|
simul
simulatque |
at the same time;
together; simulatque = as soon as |
|
|
|
simulacrum i
|
2nt image
|
|
|
|
simulatque
simulac simul |
as soon as
|
|
|
|
simulo
|
1 I feign
|
|
|
|
sin
|
but if
|
|
|
|
sine (+abl.)
|
without
|
|
|
|
singuli ae a
|
individual, one by one
|
|
|
|
sinister sinistra um
|
left;
unfavourable |
|
|
|
sino siui situs
|
3 I allow
|
|
|
|
socius i
|
2m ally, friend
|
|
|
|
sol solis
|
3m sun
|
|
|
|
soleo solitus
|
2 semi-dep I am accustomed, am used (+inf.)
|
|
|
|
sollicito
|
1 I bother, worry
|
|
|
|
solum adv.
|
only
|
|
|
|
soluo solui solutus
|
3 I release, undo
(cf. soleo solere, I am accustomed to, in the habit of |
|
|
|
solus a um
|
alone
(gen. s. solius; dat. s. soli) |
|
|
|
somnium i
|
2nt dream
|
|
|
|
solus a um
|
alone;
lonely (gen. s. solius, dat. s. soli) |
|
|
|
somnium i
|
2n dream
|
|
|
|
somnus i
|
2m sleep
|
|
|
|
soror sororis
|
3f sister
|
|
|
|
spatium i
|
2n space; time
|
|
|
|
spero
|
1 I hope; expect
|
|
|
|
spes spei
|
5f hope(s);
expectation |
|
|
|
statim
|
at once
|
|
|
|
stilus i
|
2m stylus
|
|
|
|
sto steti statum
|
1 I stand
|
|
|
|
studium i
|
2n enthusiasm, zeal
|
|
|
|
stulte
|
stupidly
|
|
|
|
stultus a um
|
stupid
|
|
|
|
suavis e
|
sweet, pleasant, delightful
|
|
|
|
sub (+abl.)
|
beneath, under
|
|
|
|
subito
|
suddenly
|
|
|
|
subsidium i
|
2n reserve; help
|
|
|
|
succurro succurri succursum
|
3 I run to help, assist (+dat)
|
|
|
|
sum esse fui futurus
|
I am
|
|
|
|
summus a um
|
highest, top of
|
|
|
|
summum supplicium
|
the death penalty
|
|
|
|
sumo sumpsi sumptus
|
3 I take;
I put on; I eat |
|
|
|
supplicium sumo (de +abl.)
|
I exact the penalty (from)
|
|
|
|
sumptus us
|
4m expense(s)
|
|
|
|
super (adv)
|
more than enough;
above, over; +abl. about |
|
|
|
superior superioris
|
higher;
earlier |
|
|
|
supero
|
1 I conquer, overcome;
get the upper hand |
|
|
|
supplex supplicis
|
adj. suppliant (also as noun)
|
|
|
|
supplicium i
|
2n punishment
|
|
|
|
supplico (+dat)
|
1 I make prayers (to)
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surgo surrexi surrectum
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3 I rise, arise, get up
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suspicor
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1 dep. I suspect
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sustineo sustinui sustentus
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2 I withstand; support
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suus a um
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his hers/ theirs
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tabellae arum
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1f pl. writing-tablets
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taceo
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2 I am silent
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tacitus a um
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silent
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talis e
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of such a kind
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talis ... qualis
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of such a kind as
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tam
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so
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tam ... quam...
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as ... as...
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tamen
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however, but
(second word) |
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tamquam
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as though
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tandem
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at length
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tango tetigi tactus
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3 I touch, lay hands on
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tanti ... quanti...
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of as much value ... as
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tantus a um
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so great, so much, so important
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tardus a um
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slow
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tecum
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with you/ yourself
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tego texi tectus
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3 I cover
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telum i
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2n dart, spear, weapon
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templum i
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2n temple
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tempto
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1 I try, test, attempt;
attack |
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tempus temporis
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3n time
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tendo tetendi tentus (tensus)
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3 I stretch (out);
offer; direct; travel; strive; fight |
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tenebrae arum
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1f pl. shadows, darkness
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teneo tenui tentus
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2 I hold
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terra ae
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1f land
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terreo
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2 I frighten
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terribilis e
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dreadful, frightening
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tertius a um
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third
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testis testis
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3m witness
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thalamus i
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2m chamber, bedchamber
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thesaurus i
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2m treasure
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timeo
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2 I fear, am afraid of;
(ne +subj.) am afraid that/ lest |
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timidus a um
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frightened, fearful
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timor timoris
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3m fear
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tollo sustuli sublatus
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3 I lift, remove, take away
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torus i
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2m couch, bed
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tot
tot ... quot |
so many
as many ... as |
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totus a um
(gen. s. totius; dat. s. toti) |
whole, complete
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trado tradidi traditus
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3 I hand over, surrender, bequeath
I relate, tell of |
(cf. traduco, ere - I lead over, lead across, transfer)
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trans (+acc.)
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across
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trecenti ae a
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300
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tredecim
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13
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tres tria
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three
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triginta
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30
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tristis e
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sad, gloomy, unhappy
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trucido
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1 I butcher
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tu
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you
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tueor tuitus (tutus)
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2 dep. I look after, protect;
look at |
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tum
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then
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cum .... tum
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both ... and
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tunica ae
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1f tunic
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turba ae
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1f crowd, mob;
commotion, uproar |
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turba ae
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1f crowd, mob
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turpis e
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disgusting, filthy, outrageous, ugly
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tutus a um
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safe, secure, protected
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tuus a um
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your(s)
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vacuus a um
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empty; free (from: +abl. or a/ ab +abl.)
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valde
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very much, strongly
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vale
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goodbye!
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ualeo
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2 I am strong;
am well, am powerful; am able (cf. vale = farewell! goodbye!) |
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varius a um
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diverse, various
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ubi
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where (at)?
when? |
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ubi primum
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as soon as
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ubicumque
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wherever
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-ue
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or
(added onto the end of the word, cf. -ne and -que) |
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vehemens vehementis
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impetuous, violent
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vehementer
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strongly
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vel ... vel
vel |
either ... or
even |
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velim
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pres. subj. of volo (I wish, want)
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uellem
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imperf. subj. of volo (I wish)
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velut
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as, just as
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venio veni ventum
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4 I come, arrive
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ventus i
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2m wind
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verber verberis
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3n blow; whip
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uerbero
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1 I flog, beat
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verbum i
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2n word
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vereor veritus
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2 dep I fear, am afraid
(ne +subj. that/ lest) |
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vero
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indeed
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versor
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1 dep. I am occupied;
stay, dwell; am in a certain condition |
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versus us
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4m verse
pl. poetry |
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verto verti versus
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3 I turn (trans.)
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verum
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but, however,
yes, truly, certainly (true) |
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verus a um
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true
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vester vestra um
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your(s)
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vestis vestis
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3f clothes, clothing, dress
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veto vetui vetitus
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1 I forbid
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vetus veteris
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old; long-established
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uexo
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1 I annoy, trouble, worry
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via ae
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1f way, road
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uicinus i
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2m neighbour
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victoria ae
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1f victory
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uideo uidi uisus
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2 I see
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videor visus
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2 passive I seem; am seen
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uiginti
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20
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vincio vinxi vinctus
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4 I bind
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vinco vici victus
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3 I conquer
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uinculum, i
vinclum, i |
2n chain, bond
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vinum i
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2n wine
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uir uiri
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2m man, husband
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uirgo virginis
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3f young girl, virgin
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uirtus uirtutis
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3f manliness, courage;
goodness |
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uis
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you want (2nd s. of volo);
irr. force, violence (acc. vim, abl. ui) |
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uires uirium
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3f pl. strength, military forces
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uita ae
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1f life
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uivo vixi victum
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3 I am alive, live
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vivus a um
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alive, living
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ullus a um
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any
(cf. nullus - none) (ullius - gen., ulli - dat. s.) |
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ultimus a um
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furthest;
last; greatest |
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umbra ae
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1f shadow, darkness;
shade, ghost |
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umerus i
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2m shoulder
(cf. humus i 2f - ground) |
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umquam
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ever
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unda ae
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1f water, wave
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unde
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from where, whence
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undecim
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11
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undeuiginti
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19
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unguentum i
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2n ointment
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universus a um
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all together;
whole, entire |
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unus a um
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one
(gen. s. unius; dat. s. uni) |
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vobiscum
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with you (pl.)
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uoco
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1 I call
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volo velle volui
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I wish, want
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voluntas voluntatis
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3f will, wish
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voluo uolui uolutus
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3 I roll, turn over (trans.)
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voluptas voluptatis
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3f desire, love, passion
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vos
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you (pl)
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votum i
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2n vow, prayer
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vox vocis
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3f voice; word
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urbs urbis
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3f city
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usque
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continually, without a break
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usque ad (+ acc.)
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right up to
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ut (+indic)
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how!;
as, when; |
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ut (+subj.)
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to, that .... should;
that (after acccidit, perficio etc.); that (result); in order to/ that (purpose) that ... not (after verbs of fearing) |
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uterque utraque utrumque
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each of two, both
(cf. utrimque - adv. from or on both sides) |
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uti
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= ut
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utinam
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if only, would that
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utor usus
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3 dep. I use, make use of;
I adopt (+abl.) |
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utpote (qui quae quod)
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as is natural (for one who) (+subj)
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utrimque
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on both sides
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utrum ... an;
annon; utrum ... an +subj. necnon |
A or B?
(double question) annon = or not? whether... or +subj. (indirect question) negative = necnon |
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uulnero
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1 I wound
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uulnus uulneris
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3n wound
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uult
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he wants
3 s. of uolo |
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uultis
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you want
2nd pl. of uolo |
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uultus us
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4m face, expression
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uxor uxoris
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3f wife
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