Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are all cells enclosed by?
|
A semipermeable membrane
|
|
|
What kind of permeability do cell membranes have?
|
semi-permeability
|
|
|
What regulates a cell's interaction with its environment?
|
The cell membrane
|
|
|
What kind of molecules are proteins?
|
Macromolecules
|
|
|
What are proteins made from?
|
Amino acids
|
|
|
How are enzymes involved in biochemical reactions?
|
They speed up biochemical reactions
|
|
|
Do enzymes alter reaction equilibrium?
|
No
|
|
|
What does the activity of enzymes depend on?
|
Temperature, Ionic conditions, and pH
|
|
|
How do prokaryotes, eukaryotes and viruses differ in complexity?
|
Viruses are the least complex, followed by prokaryotes, and then eukaryotes are the most complex
|
|
|
What is the general structure of a virus?
|
DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein shell
|
|
|
What is the general structure of a prokaryote?
|
A small cell with no nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles
|
|
|
What is the general structure of a eukaryote?
|
A larger cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
|
|
|
What does the central dogma of biology outline?
|
The flow of information from DNA to protein
|
|
|
What is transcription?
|
Transferring the genetic code from DNA to RNA
|
|
|
What is translation?
|
Turning an RNA code into protein
|
|
|
What are proteins made of?
|
Amino Acids
|
|
|
Where are ribosomes found?
|
In the cytoplasm - especially in the Endoplasmic Reticulum
|
|
|
What role does the endoplasmic reticulum play in the secretion of proteins?
|
Most proteins are made in the endoplasmic reticulum
|
|
|
What role does the Golgi apparatus play in the secretion of proteins?
|
It packages them for transport
|
|
|
Where do chloroplasts capture usable energy from?
|
Light
|
|
|
How is the energy from chloroplasts stored?
|
As sugar
|
|
|
In photosynthesis, what are sugars made from?
|
Carbon dioxide and water
|
|
|
What organelle makes stored chemical bond energy available to cells?
|
mitochondria
|
|
|
What do mitochondria break down to make energy?
|
Glucose and lipids
|
|
|
What do mitochondria break glucose down into?
|
Carbon dioxide
|
|
|
What are macromolecules synthesized from in cells and organisms?
|
Simple precursors
|
|
|
Are macromolecules made from many precursors or a few?
|
Few
|
|
|
Dogma
|
An unquestioned belief
|
