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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Molecular Genetics |
Research focused on the identification of particular genes to describe how these genes work within the cell. |
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Behavioral Genetics |
Research to determine the degree of genetic basis for a behavior, trait, or ability. |
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Behavioral Genomics |
A measure of the extent to which genes determine a particular behavior or characteristic. |
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Monozygotic Twins |
One zygote splits into two, and have identical DNA. |
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Dizygotic twins |
Two eggs are fertilized by two sperm and have the same genetic similarity as siblings. |
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Phenotype |
A person's bodily traits and characteristics.
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Genotype |
All the genes that make up a human being, or the specific genes at a particular location on a chromosome.
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Dominant Genes |
Genes that are usually expressed in the phenotype.
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Recessive Genes |
Genes that are generally not expressed in the phenotype unless paired with another recessive gene.
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Polygenetic Inheritance |
Many genes interact together to produce a particular trait or behavior. |
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Pleiotropic Effects |
Any single gene can affect many different traits. |
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Multifactorial Inheritance Disorders |
The interaction of many genes that also interact with environmental influences. |
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Gene Therapy |
Treatment of specific genetic disorders through implanting or disabling certain genes. |
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Canalization |
The degree to which the expression of a gene is influenced by the environment. |
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Epigenetics |
A system by which genes are activated or silenced in response to events or circumstances in the individual's environment. |
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Passive Gene Environment Interaction |
A child's family shares genetically determined abilities and interests. |
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Active Gene Environment Interaction |
One's genetic endowment becomes a driving force for children to seek out experiences that fit their genetic endowments. |
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Evocative Gene Environment Interaction |
Children's genetic endowment causes them to act in a way that draws out or evokes certain responses from those around them. |
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Gene |
A segment of DNA on a chromosome that creates proteins that are the basis for the body's development and functioning. |
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Genome |
All of a person's genes, including those that are active and those that are silent. |
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Genome-Wide Association |
A system that allows scientists to examine the whole human genome at once. |
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Heritability |
A measure of the extent to which genes determine a particular behavior or characteristic. |
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Nucleotides |
Organic molecules containing a chemical base, a phosphate group, and a sugar molecule. |
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Fertilization |
The union of a father's sperm and a mother's egg to produce a zygote. |
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Zygote |
A fertilized egg. |
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Chromosomes |
The strands of genes that constitute the human genetic endowment. |
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Mutations |
Changes that occur in the structure of a gene. |
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Polygenic Inheritance |
Numerous genes may interact to promote any particular trait or behavior. |
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Pleiotropic Effects |
The many different influences any single gene may have. |
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Generalist Genes |
Genes that affect many related abilities. |
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Single Gene Disorders |
Genetic disorders caused by a single recessive gene or mutation. |
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Chromosomal Disorders |
Disorders that result when too many or too few chromosomes are formed or when there is a change in the structure of the chromosome caused by breakage. |
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Multifactorial Inheritance Disorders |
Disorders that result from the interaction of many genes in interaction with environmental influences. |
