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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
describe the electron carrier in photosynthesis
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nadp+
reduction phase of calvin cycle |
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plants are what type of organism on earth
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photoautotrophs: primary producers
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name the parts of the chloroplast
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outer membrane
intermembrance compartment inner membrane stroma granum thyloakoid membrane thylakoid thylakoid lumen stromal lamellae |
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where is the chloroplast located
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in a photosynthetic cell in a leaf
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where do light dependent and light independent reactions occur?
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thylakoid membrane; stroma
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what are the three fates of electrons when they are excited by a photon
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1. return to ground state, emit light energy > wavelength (less energy) of photon
2. return to ground state light energy absorbed by nearby pigment aka inductive resonance 3. eletron in donated in its high energy state to a primary electron acceptor 2/3 electron returns to ground state |
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name 3 photosynthetic pigments
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chlorphyll
bacteriochlorophyll carotenoids |
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cyanobacteria use bacteriochlorophyll T/F
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F: photosynthetic prokaryotes OTHER THAN cyanobacteria use bacteriochlorophyll
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algea and plants use chlorophyll pigments T/F
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T
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name the accessory pigments
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carotenoids, chlophyll b
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chlorophyll a and b differ in where a ch3 is attached
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they differ in what is attached in the same place; CH3 or CHO
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what do accessory pigments do
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inductive resonance of chlorophyll a
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green is the main wavelength of light that drives photosynthesis T/F
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f: the absoportion spectrum of photosynnthesis has max O2 release at red (long) and violet (short) wavelengths
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absorption spectrum of chlorphyll a peaks at violet 400 nm T/F
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F: peaks at red (700nm) and violet (400)
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accessory pigments absporption spectra peak at:
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blue-green, chlorophyll b, carotenoids
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why do the absorption spectra of pigments peak at diff nm?
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bc of chemical structure
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accessory pigments have vertical light absorbing chains T/F
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f: carotenoids have a verticla chain; chlorophylls have a light absorbing box called the porphyrin ring w/ a Mg in the centre
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what is a photosystem
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a pigment-protein complex
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describe the structure of a photosystem
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antenna complex made of pigment-protein complex; reaction centre: proteins + chlorophyll a + primary e- acceptor
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the photosystem aka light harvesting complex T/F
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F: the atenna complex is aka light harvesting complex
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what happens in a photosystem?
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antenna complex absorbs energy; chlorophyll a in rxn centre is oxidized, transferring e- to primary e- acceptor
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what is the diff b/w phtosystem 1 and 2
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1: max absportion spectrum at 700
2: max absportion spectrum at 680 same chlorophyll a, diff interactions w proteins |
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which photosystem allowed for oxygenic photosynthesis
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2
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outline the three phases of chlorophyll P680
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1. reduced by water
2. excited by photon 3. oxidized by pheophytin |
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describe the e- path in photosystem 2
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1. oxidized from watter --> p680+ --> p680
2. excited by photon --> p680* 3. oxidized by pheophytin |
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who is the primary e- acceptor of photosystem 2?
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pheophytin
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platoquinon is the primary e- acceptor of photosystem II t/f
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f: pheophytin
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where does the oxygen we breathe come from?
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splitting of water by photosystem II to reduce chlorphyll a P680+ --> P680
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what happens to H+ when water is split by p680+?
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contributes to proton gradient in thylakoid lumen (vs low proton gradient in stroma)
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where is photosystem II?
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in thylokoid membrane
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what is ferredoxin
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FeS protein
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who is the final e- acceptor in the noncyclic e- pathway?
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NADP+, reduced by nadp+ reductase, to NADPH
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who transfers the final e-?
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ferrdoxin from photosystem 1
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outline the linear e- transport
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1. photosystem 2 p680 is excited by photon, oxidized by p
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what is the purpose of the cyclic e' transport?
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to provide additional ATP for the calvin cycle
can operate without photosystem II no nadp+ --> nadph |
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how does cyclic e' transport differ from linear?
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ferredoxin oxidized and transfers e' to plastoquinone pool, so pool is continually replenished and moves across membrane; remember, plastoquinone is a proton contributor to the gradient
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what is the purpose of light absorpotion by the photosystems
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creates a molecule, chlorophyll a, that is easily oxidized by the e' transport chain to create a downflow of e'
to increase the energy level of p680 chlorophyll a and p700 |
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outline linear e' transport
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1. excitation of p680 by light
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how does c02 enter a plant
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through stomata pores on leaves
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what happenes to leaves on hot days?
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they close their stomata pores to prevent h20 from escaping/dehyration; they under photorespiration
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what is photorespiration?
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- oxygen + rubp instead of c02
- no sugars produced - protects plant on hot days so stromata can stay closed |
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c3 plants, wheat, soybeans undergo what type of photosynthesis
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regular calvin cycle.
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