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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What symbol is used to denote a hexadecimal number?
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h
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What symbol is used to denote a binary number?
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b
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What symbol is used to denote a decimal number
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d (or none -- decimal is the default)
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To denote a string or character, what must surround it?
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quotes or double quotes
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When a string is being stored in a registry or in memory, how much memory is used?
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each character occupies a single byte
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What is the length range of an identifier?
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1-247 characters, including digits
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Are identifiers case sensitive?
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no
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What can the first character of an identifier be?
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letter, _, @, ?, or $
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Can reserved words be used as identifiers?
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no
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What are directives?
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commands that are recognized and acted upon by the assembler
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What are directives used for?
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declare code, data areas, select memory model, etc
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Are directives case sensitive?
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no
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T or F:
Different assemblers have different directives. |
TRUE
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Are directives part of the instruction set?
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no
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When are instructions executed?
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at runtime
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What executes instructions?
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the CPU
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What assembles instructions into machine language?
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the assembler
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What do instructions contain?
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Label, Mnemonic, Operand, Comment
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What contents of instructions are required?
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Mnemonic and operands (depending on the instruction)
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What contents of instructions are optional?
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Label, Comment, and operands (depending on the instruction)
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What are Labels?
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a place marker (like a variable) that marks the address (offset) of code and data
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What is the length range of a label?
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1-247 characters, including digits
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Arelabels case sensitive?
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no
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What can the first character of a label be?
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letter, _, @, ?, or $
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Can reserved words be used as labels?
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no
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T or F:
A data label does not need to be unique. |
FALSE
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What is the notation difference between a code label and a data label?
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a code label is followed by a colon
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List three examples of instruction mnemonics.
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MOV, ADD, SUB, MUL, INC, DEC
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Name four operand types.
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constant (ex: 96), constant expression (ex: 2 + 4), register (ex: Eax), and memory (ex: count)
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What is the relationship between mnemonics and operands?
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a mnemonic acts on the operand
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Which operands are called 'immediate operands'?
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constant and constant expression
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What is an example of a mnemonic that does not have an operand?
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stc (set carry flag)
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What is an example of a mnemonic that has only one operand?
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inc (increment)
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What are examples of mnemonics that have two operands?
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add, sub, mul
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What is the integer data type of a BYTE?
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unsigned 8-bit
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What is the integer data type of an SBYTE?
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signed 8-bit
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What is the integer data type of a WORD?
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unsigned 16-bit
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What is the integer data type of an SWORD?
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signed 16-bit
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What is the integer data type of a DWORD?
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unsigned32-bit
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What is the integer data type of an SDWORD?
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signed 32-bit
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What is the integer data type of a QWORD?
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64-bit
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What is the purpose of the data definition statement?
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to set aside storage in memory for a variable
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In a data definition statement, is assigning a name (label) required?
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no, it is optional
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What is the syntax of a data definition statement?
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[name] directive initializer
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What do all data definition statement initializers become?
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binary data in memory
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What is an example of a character constant stored in a single byte?
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'A'
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What is the smallest unsigned byte that can be stored in a single byte?
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0
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What is the largest unsigned byte that can be stored in a single byte?
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255
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What is the smallest signed byte that can be stored in a single byte?
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-128
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What is the largest signed byte that can be stored in a single btye?
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+127
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What symbol is used to identify an unitialized byte?
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?
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What is the offset?
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the first space in memory allocated for an array or string to identify the beginning
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How is a string implemented?
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as an array of characters
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T or F:
A string often will be null-terminated? |
TRUE
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What is the purpose of the DUP operator?
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to allocate an array or string
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Counter and Argument must be what type of operands?
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constants or constant expressions
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What is 'Little Endian Order'?
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all data types larger than a byte store their individual bytes in REVERSE ORDER. The least significant byte occurs at the first (lowest) memory address.
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How can you calculate the size of a byte array?
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ListSize = $ - list
(subtracting the address of the list from the current location counter) |
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How can you calculate the size of a word array?
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ListSize = ($ - list) / 2
(gives number of words, not bytes) |
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How can you calculate the size of a DWORD array?
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ListSize = ($ - list) / 4
(gives number of dwords, not bytes) |
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What does the operator, SIZEOF, return?
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the number of BYTES in an array
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What does the operator, LENGTHOF, return?
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the number of ELEMENTS in an array NOT BYTES!
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