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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GI Science - Cartography |
analysis, design, visualization, and generation of various forms of maps |
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GI Science - Comp Sci
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spatial databases, computational geometry, spatial reasoning, digital libraries |
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GI Science - Geodetic Sci
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Methods for determining precise positions on earth's surface (e.g. GPS)
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GI Science - Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry
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Images acquired from a distance. Methods for detecting features, est. precise position, etc.
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GI Science - Statistics
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Accuracy of geographic information; uncertainties associated w/ coarse-scale maps
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GI System - Class Definition
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Method, plan, or procedure w/ operational rules to establish order and and assemble a set or arrangement of data (of spatial nature)
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GI System - USGS Definition
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Computer system capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying geographically referenced information (+ personnel and data)
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Vector Model
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Displays graphical data as points, lines or curves, or areas with attributes
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Relationship between points, lines and polygons
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Each point has unique location
Points can form a line Points and lines can scribe a polygon |
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Raster Model
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Displays, locates, and stores graphical data by using a matrix or grid of cells
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Features of Raster Cells
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Grid IDed by row and column #
Area of each cells defines spatial resolution Cells labeled according to content |
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TINs - Triangulated Irregular Network
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For 3D Imaging - A surface representation derived from irregularly spaced points and breakline features. Each sample point has an x, y coordinate and a z value or surface value.
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Ellipsoid
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Reference shape for the earth
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Geoid
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Undulating earth shape due to differences in the density of the Earth (causes variation in Earth's gravitational pull; dips or bulges above and below reference ellipsoide)
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Metadata
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Describes processes used to acquire geographic data (e.g. identity information about specific instance of data abstraction)
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Geospatial Data - examples
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Projection/Coordinate systems
Representation models: vect/ras Spatial scale/resolution issues Spatial error and uncertainty |
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Polygon Overlay - definition
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Superimposing layers of geographical data so that their spatial relationships can be used in making land-use decisions
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Polygon Overlay - Intersection
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Area of overlap (A.AND.B)
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Polygon Overlay - Union
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Combined Area (A.OR.B)
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Buffering Operation
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Generate buffer around point or straight line segment
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Proximity (or neighborliness)
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Affects potential for interaction
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