Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Whys is crude oil a finite resource? |
Because they are no longer being made or they're being made really slowly. |
|
|
What does the term non-renewable mean? |
Resources that are being used up faster than they are being formed. |
|
|
What is hydrocarbon made out of? |
Molecules containing carbon and hydrogen. |
|
|
What is the oil that 'exits' at the bottom? |
Bitumen |
|
|
Why does bitumen exit at the bottom? |
It has a very high boiling point. |
|
|
Name one of the reasons why crude oil can be separated in different ways. |
-The intermolecular force is broken down during boiling. -The molecules of the liquid separate from each other as molecule of gas. -Large molecules have strong attraction. Lots of energy is needed to break the forces. -Small molecules have weak attractive forces between them making it easy to separate. Less energy is needed to break the force. |
|
|
What is cracking? |
A process that turns large alkane molecules into smaller alkane and alkene molecules. |
|
|
Why is alkene good for making polymers? |
An alkene molecule has a double bond. |
|
|
Why should we worry about the amount of fossil fuels being burnt? |
-Burning fossil fuels increases carbon dioxide emissions -High populated countries have high population adding more gas emissions. |
|
|
Why is complete combustion better than incomplete combustion? |
-More energy is being released -During incomplete combustion toxic gas like carbon monoxide and soot is made. |
|
|
What's the word equation for incomplete combustion? |
Fuel + oxygen -> Carbon (monoxide) + water |
|
|
What's the word equation for complete combustion? |
Methane + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water |
|
|
What is clean air made out of? (Include percentages) |
78% nitrogen 21% oxygen 0.035% carbon dioxide |
|
|
Why has the percentage of carbon dioxide increased in the last few centuries? |
-Less photosynthesis takes place because of deforestation -The world's energy requirements increase because of the increasing population |
|
|
What does degassing mean? |
When gases from the centre of the Earth go through volcanoes. |
|
|
The pollutant sulfur dioxide can cause what to people? |
It can cause asthma. |
|
|
What type of bond does an alkane have? |
Single covalent bond |
|
|
What type of bond does an alkene have? |
Double covalent bond |
|
|
What does bromine tests? |
Alkene |
|
|
What is the meaning of saturated compound? |
A compound that only has a single covalent bond between carbon atoms. |
|
|
What is the meaning of unsaturated compound? |
A compound that has at least one double covalent bond. They have a C=C double bond. |
|
|
What does the process of polymerisation need? |
High pressure and a catalyst. |
|
|
How can you tell if the displayed formula is a polymer? |
After repeated atoms, there should be an 'n' after the brackets. |
|
|
What does 'denaturing' mean? |
When protein molecules in eggs and meat permanently change shape. |
|
|
What does baking powder give out when it's heated? |
It breaks down when it's heated and gives out carbon dioxide |
|
|
What is the balanced symbol equation for the decomposition of sodium hydrogen carbonate (baking powder)? |
2NaHCO3 -> Na2C0 + CO2 + H20 ( The 3 and the 2s on the right side of the equation is small 2) |
|
|
What does hydrophilic mean? |
The water-loving part of an emulsifier |
|
|
What does hydrophobic mean? |
The oil and fat loving part of an emulsifier |
|
|
What are esters made to use for? |
Perfumes |
|
|
What is a colloid? |
When particles are mixed and dispersed with particles of a liquid but not dissolved. |
|
|
Why do most paints dry? |
The solvent evaporates The paint is applied as a thin layer |
|
|
Why do most oil paints dry? |
The solvent evaporates The oil is oxidised |
