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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acidic Solution
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A solution containing more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions
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Basic Solution
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A solution containing more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions
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Arrhenius Model
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States that an acid is a substance that contains hydrogen and ionizes to produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution
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Bronsted-Lowry Model
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Focuses on the hydrogen ion; An acid is a hydrogen-ion donor and a base is a hydrogen-ion acceptor
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Conjugate Acid
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The species produced when a base accepts a hydrogen ion from an acid
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Conjugate Base
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The species that results when an acid donates a hydrogen ion to a base
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Conjugate Acid-base Pair
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Consists of two substances related to each other by the donating and accepting of a single hydrogen ion
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Amphoteric
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Water and other substances that can act as both acids and bases
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Strong Acids
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Acids that ionize completely
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Weak Acids
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An acid that ionizes only partially in dilute aqueous solution
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Acid Ionization Constant
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The value of the equilibrium constant expression for the ionization of a weak acid
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Strong Bases
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Bases that dissociate entirely into metal ions and hydroxide ions in aqueous solution
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Weak Bases
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Bases that ionize only partially in dilute aqueous solution to form the conjugate acid of the base and hydroxide ion
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Base Ionization Constant
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The value of the equilibrium constant expression for the ionization of a base
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Ion Product Constant For Water
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The value of the equilibrium constant expression for the self-ionization of water
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pH
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The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
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pOH
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The negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration in a solution
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Neutralization Reaction
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A reaction in which an acid and a base react in aqueous solution to produce a salt and water
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Salt
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An ionic compound made up of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid
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Titration
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A method for determining the concentration of a solution by reacting a known volume of the solution with a solution of known concentration
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Equivalence Point
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The point at which moles of H+ ion from the acid equal moles of OH- ion from the base (also known as the stoichiometric point)
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Acid-base Indicators
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Chemical dyes whose colors are affected by acidic and base solutions
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End Point
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The point at which the indicator used in a titration changes color
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Salt Hydrolysis
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A process in which the anions of the dissociated salt accept hydrogen ions from water or the cations of the dissociated salt donate hydrogen ions to water
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Buffer Capacity
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The amount of acid or base a buffer solution can absorb without a significant change in pH
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Buffers
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Solutions that resist changes in pH when limited amounts of acid or base are added
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