Butler Chemistry Unit 7

Front 1

Viscosity

Back 1

A measure of the resistance of a liquid to a flow

Front 2

Surface Tension

Back 2

The energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount

Front 3

Surfactants

Back 3

Compounds that lower the surface tension of water are called active agents or this

Front 4

Crystalline Solid

Back 4

A solid whose atoms

Front 5

Unit Cell

Back 5

The smallest arrangement of connected points that can be repeated in three directions to form the lattice

Front 6

Amorphous Solid

Back 6

A solid in which the particles are not arranged in a regular

Front 7

Melting Point

Back 7

The temperature at which the forces holding a crystalline solids crystal lattice together are broken and it becomes a liquid

Front 8

Vaporization

Back 8

The process by which a liquid changes the a gas or vapor

Front 9

Evaporation

Back 9

When vaporization occurs only at the surface of a liquid

Front 10

Vapor Pressure

Back 10

The pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid

Front 11

Boiling Point

Back 11

The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external or atmospheric pressure

Front 12

Sublimation

Back 12

The process by which a solid changes directly to a gas without first becoming a liquid

Front 13

Condensation

Back 13

The process by which a gas or a vapor becomes a liquid

Front 14

Deposition

Back 14

The process by which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a solid without first becoming a liquid

Front 15

Freezing Point

Back 15

The temperature at which a liquid is converted into a crystalline solid

Front 16

Phase Diagram

Back 16

A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows in which phase a substance exists under different conditions of temperature and pressure

Front 17

Triple Point

Back 17

The point on a phase diagram that represents the temperature and pressure at which three phases of a substance can coexist

Front 18

Concentration

Back 18

A measure of how much solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution

Front 19

Molarity (M)

Back 19

The number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution

Front 20

Molality

Back 20

The ration of the number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent

Front 21

Mole Fraction

Back 21

The ratio of the number of moles of solute in solution to the total number of moles of solute and solvent

Front 22

Colligative Properties

Back 22

Physical properties of solutions that are affected by the number of particles but not the identity of dissolved solute particles

Front 23

Vapor Pressure Lowering

Back 23

Due to the number of solute particles in solution and is a colligative property of solutions

Front 24

Boiling Point Elevation

Back 24

The temperature difference between a solution's boiling point a pure solvent's boiling point

Front 25

Freezing Point Depression

Back 25

The difference in temperature between its freezing point and the freezing point of its pure solvent

Front 26

Osmosis

Back 26

The diffusion of solvent particles across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher solvent concentration to an area of lower solvent concentration

Front 27

Osmotic Pressure

Back 27

The amount of additional pressure caused by the water molecules that move into a solution

Front 28

Suspension

Back 28

A mixture containing particles that settle out if left undisturbed

Front 29

Colloid

Back 29

A heterogenous mixture of intermediate size particles (between the size of solution particles and suspension particles)

Front 30

Brownian Motion

Back 30

The erratic movement of colloid particles

Front 31

Tyndall Effect

Back 31

The phenomenon when dispersed colloid particles are large enough to scatter light