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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Organizational Culture? |
A firm's overall values, beliefs, rules, and models for behavior |
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What is an Organizational Structure? |
An arrangement or relationship of positions within an organization |
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What is Specialization? |
The division of labor into small, specific tasks assigned to employees |
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What is Departmentalization? |
The grouping of jobs into working units called departments, groups, units or divisions |
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What are the 4 types of Departmentalization? |
1) Functional - Groups jobs that perform similar activities 2) Product - Organizes jobs in relation to the products of the firm 3) Geographical - Orders jobs according to the geographic location (state, region, country, continent, etc.) 4) Customer - Arranges jobs around the various needs of the customer |
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What is the difference between Responsibility and Accountability in relation to the Delegation of Authority? |
Responsibility - The obligation to perform and be held accountable for tasks Accountability - The principle that employees are answerable to a superior for the outcome of their work |
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What is a Centralized Organization? |
Authority is concentrated at the top level with little to no delegation |
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What is a Decentralized Organization? |
Decision-making authority is delegated as far down the chain of command as possible to increase productivity |
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What is Span of Management? |
The number of subordinates who report to a specific manager |
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What are Organizational Layers? |
Levels of management in an organization (Few layers = wide span of management, Many layers, narrow span of management) |
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What are the forms of Organizational Structures? |
1) Line Structure - Direct pipeline of authority 2) Line & Staff Structures - Traditional line structure with added staff managers 3) Multi-divisional Structure - Organizes departments into larger structures 4) Matrix Structure - Intersecting lines of authority |
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What is the difference between Groups and Teams? |
Group - 2+ individuals who communicate with one another, share a common identity, and have a common goal Team - A group of members who have complementary skills, a common purpose, goals, and approach, and hold themselves mutually accountable "All teams are groups, but not all groups are teams" |
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What is a Committee? |
A permanent, formal group dedicated to a specific task |
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What is a Task Force? |
A temporary group of employees responsible for bringing about a specific change |
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What is a Project Team? |
A group similar to a task force that functions more like a team to meet a goal |
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What does a Project Development Team do? |
Devises, designs, and implements a new product |
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What is the purpose of a Quality Assurance Team? |
To solve a specific quality problem with a product |
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What are the four types of communication? |
Upward - From lowest to highest level of a business Downward - From highest to lowest level of a business Horizontal - Between peers Informal - Gossip, Grapevine, etc. |
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What is Morale? |
An employee's attitude towards the workplace experience |
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What is the difference between an Intrinsic and an Extrinsic Reward? |
Intrinsic - Personal satisfaction you feel Extrinsic - Benefits or recognition from someone else |
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What is the Classical Theory of Motivation? |
Money is the sole motivator of the employee (In layman's terms, "Holla holla get dolla") |
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What did The Hawthorne Study find in regards to motivation? |
There were social & psychological factors that affected productivity and morale |
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What are Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs? |
1) Basic Needs (Food, Shelter, Clothing, etc.) 2) Security (Protection from harm) 3) Social (Emotional) 4) Esteem (Respect) 5) Self-motivation |
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What are Herzberg's 2 Factors of Motivation? |
Hygene and Recognition |
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What are X and Y Theory? |
Theory X - Workers must be forced to do work Theory Y - Under proper conditions workers will seek out work |
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What is Theory Z? |
Employees must be encouraged to participate in decision making |
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What is Equity Theory? |
Performance is based on the employee's perception of fairness in their wages |
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Explain Expectancy Theory |
An employee is motivated by a reward as well as how likely they are to receive said reward |
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What are 3 ways to increase productivity and employee involvement? |
Job Rotation (move employees to different tasks), Enlargement (add more responsibility), and Enrichment (encouragement through advancement and rewards) |
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What is the Exchange Relationship? |
Giving something up in order to obtain something else |
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What are Cost and Benefits? |
Cost - what a customer gives up to receive benefits Benefits - Anything a buyer receives in exchange for cost |
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What is a Marketing Strategy? |
A plan of action for developing, pricing, distributing, and promoting products |
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What are 2 Types of Marketing Research? |
Primary - Done through focus groups and surveys Secondary - Done digitally with census data and other info compiled outside the organization (THIS IS CHEAPER, SO IT IS DONE FIRST.) |
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What is the Marketing Mix? (The 4 P's) |
Product, Price, Place, and Promotion |
