Business Law: Chapter 2 & 3 Vocab

Front 1

Document drafted by representatives of the 13 original colonies that asserts the rights desired by the colonists

Back 1

Declaration of Independence

Front 2

Loose form of charter for common government adopted by the 13 colonies prior to adoption of the Constitution

Back 2

Articles of Confederation

Front 3

The document that consists of 7 articles that provide a workable framework for our federal government

Back 3

U.S Constitution

Front 4

The personal natural rights of the individual that the Constitution protects

Back 4

Civil Rights

Front 5

At a minimum, a defendant over whom jurisdiction has been established must be provided adequate notice and a proper hearing

Back 5

Due Process of Law

Front 6

A fixed payment per person required before the person could vote

Back 6

poll tax

Front 7

Rights not specifically mentioned in the constitution (right of privacy)

Back 7

Peripheral Rights

Front 8

Gives specific authority to each of the 3 basic branches of government

Back 8

system of checks and balances

Front 9

Trying a government official misconduct in office

Back 9

impeachment cases

Front 10

Private organization of citizens who select and promote candidates for public office

Back 10

political party

Front 11

Change or alteration

Back 11

Amendment

Front 12

Government system in which citizens vote directly to decide issues

Back 12

democracy

Front 13

Governmental system in which citizens elect representatives to decide issues

Back 13

republic

Front 14

to take your disputes to court

Back 14

litigate

Front 15

tries to work a solution acceptable to both sides of the dispute (results are non-binding)

Back 15

mediator

Front 16

Holds informal hearings to determine what happened (Results are binding and enforced by court order if necessary)

Back 16

arbitrator

Front 17

the court in which a dispute is first heard

Back 17

Trial court

Front 18

Jury's decision in a case

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Verdict

Front 19

Power to hear the case in full for the first time

Back 19

original jurisdiction

Front 20

Reviews decisions of lower courts to determine if a significant error of law was made during trial

Back 20

appellate court

Front 21

Verbatim record of what went on a trial

Back 21

transcript

Front 22

written argument on the issues of law submitted by opposing attorneys

Back 22

appellate briefs

Front 23

Court that can hear almost and kind of case

Back 23

general jurisdiction

Front 24

Court that hears only one specific type of case

Back 24

Special jurisdiction

Front 25

1) Federal questions, or cases that arise under the Constitution, U.S law, and U.S treaties
2) Lawsuits between citizens of different states, between a U.S citizen and foreign nation, or between a U.S citizen and a citizen of a foreign nation.

Back 25

Diversity of Citizenship

Front 26

Order for a lower court to produce the record of a case for the Supreme Court to review

Back 26

Writ of certiorari

Front 27

Accurate, detailed report of what went on at trial

Back 27

Court of record

Front 28

Title of a judge on the state supreme court or Federal supreme Court

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Justice

Front 29

Court that hears minor criminal cases, state traffic offenses, and lawsuits involving amounts of no more than $25,000

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Associate circuit court (County courts)

Front 30

City court, usually divided in to traffic and criminal divisions

Back 30

municipal courts

Front 31

State courts that handle disputes in which small amounts, generally $2,500 or less, are involved

Back 31

small claims courts

Front 32

Doesn't hold juveniles as Adults

Back 32

Juvenile court

Front 33

Administers wills and estates

Back 33

Probate courts