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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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employment at will
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a common law doctrine under which either party may terminate an employment relationship at any time for any reason, unless a contract specifies otherwise
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whistleblowing
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an employee's disclosure to government authorities, upper-level managers, or the press that the employer is engaged in unsafe or illegal activities
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wrongful discharge
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an employer's termination of an employee's employment in violation of the law
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minimum wage
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the lowest wage, either by government regulation or union contract, that an employer may pay an hourly wage
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worker's compensation laws
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state statutes establishing an administrative procedure for compensating workers's injuries that arise out of-or in the course of-their employment, regardless of fault
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vesting
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the creation of an absolute or unconditional right or power
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protected class
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a group of persons protected by specific laws because of the group's defining charateristics. Under laws prohibiting employment discrimination, these characteristics include, race, color, religion, national origin, gender, age, and disability
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employment discrimination
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treating employees or job applicants unequally on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, gender, age, or disability; prohibited by federal statutes
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disparate-treatment discrimination
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a form of employment discrimination that results when an employer intentionally discriminates against employees who are members of protected classes
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prima facie case
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a case in which the plaintiff has produced sufficient evidence of his or her conclusion that the case can go to a jury; a case in which the evidence compels the plaintiff's conclusion if the defendant produces no affirmative defense or evidence to disprove it
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disparate-impact discrimination
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a form of employment discrimination that results from certain employer practices or procedures that, although not discriminatory on their face, have a discriminatory effect
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sexual harrassment
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in the employment context, the demanding of sexual favors in return for a job promotions or other benefits, or language or conduct that is so sexually offensive that it creates a hostile working environment
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business necessity
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a defense to allegations of employment discrimation in which the employer demonstrates that an employment practice that discriminates against members of a protected class is related to job performance
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bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ)
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Indentifiable characteristics reasonably necessary to the normal operation of a particular business. These characteristics can include gender, national origin, and religion, but not race.
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seniority system
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in regard to employment relationships, a system in which those who have worked longest for the company are first in line for promotions, salary increases, and other benefits; they are also the last to be laid off if the workforce must be reduced
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construction discharge
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a termination of employment brought about by making the employee's working conditions so intolerable that the employee reasonably feels compelled to leave
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