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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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burns
rule of nine |
~head/neck - 9%
~anterior trunk - 18% ~posterior trunk - 18% ~arms (9%) - 18% ~legs (18%) - 36% ~perineum - 1% |
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burns
superficial partial-thickness |
~first-degree
~epidermal layer |
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burns
deep dermal partial-thickness |
~second-degree
~epidermal/dermal layers |
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burns
full-thickness burn |
~third/fourth degree
~epidermal, dermal, subQ, nerve endings, muscle, bone |
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burns
chemical |
~acids, alkalies, vesicants
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burns
electrical |
~lightning, electrical wires
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burns
mechanical |
~friction
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burns
radiation |
~xray, sun, nuclear
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burns
thermal |
~flame, frostbite, scald
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burns
TX - immediate |
~stop, drop, roll
~airway ~cool water 10mins ~cover lg areas w/clean cloth 2 decr pain ~chem burns: irrigate cont ~transport 2 ER |
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burns
TX - ER |
~est airway
~assessment ~100% O2 if burn occurred in closed area ~fluid balance ~F/C ~NG ~tetanus toxoid ~escharotomy/fasciotomy |
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burns
TX - hosp |
~airway
~aseptic area ~prov fluid replacement ~pain mgmt ~nutritional needs ~prev complications |
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burns
shock phase |
~24-48hrs
~fluid shifts 4m plasma 2 interstitial ~HCT rises ~metab acidosis ~serum K rises ~protein loss ~VS ~mon UO (50-100cc/hr) ~give 1/2 of total fluids in 1st 8hrs |
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burns
diuretic phase |
~post shock phase
~capillary permeability stabilizes ~fluid shifts 4m interstitial 2 plasma ~observe 4 pulm edema ~VS, CVP ~mon output |
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burns
nutritional needs |
~NPO til bowel sounds rtn
~high cal (6000-8000) ~high prot ~prev stress ulcers (Maalox q2hrs) |
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burns
complications - infection |
~reverse iso
~wound care (debridement/hydrotherapy) ~antimicrobial therapy |
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burns
complications - contractures |
~ROM 1st post burn day
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burns
complications - respiratory |
~airway
~CTDB (cough, turn, deep breathe) ~assess 4 inhalation injury ~4 sulfur dioxide (SO2), give O2 |
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burns
open air/exposure |
~ADV:allows 4 drainage of burn exudate
~eschar forms protective covering ~skin easily inspected/ROM easier ~DIS:painful, heat loss |
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burns
occlusive (pressure) dressings |
~ADV:less pain 1st 48hrs
~later, more painful ~DIS:high incidence sepsis ~contractures |
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burns
topical antimicrobials |
~silver nitrate (keratolytic)
~mafenide acetate (sulfamylon) ~silver sulfadiazine (silvadene) ~gentamicin sulfate (garamycin) 0.1% |
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burns
biologic dressings |
~allograft
~xenograft ~amnion ~autograft |
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burns
pressure dressings |
~decr scarring
~wear 12-18mo ~remove only 2 bathe |
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burns
isolation rm |
~100% full body burns
~20yr L leg burn ~2yo 20% body burn ~80yr 30% burn ~40yr w/sooty sputum, nasal singed (check resp) |
