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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Scar
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Material of Wound healing
For scar to mature- 6 months to 2 years |
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Collagen
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Glue-like protein that is the chemical of a scar
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Epithelialization
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Occurs whenever a wound breaks the skin in both primary and secondary intention healing
Process by which the top layer of skin heals itself |
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Primary Intention
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Simple laceration or cut that is sutured directly in a straight line
No intervention needed |
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Secondary Intention
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Wound that's missing tissue so that the skin edges of the wound cannot be brought together
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Continual Damage
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Swelling
leads to ischemia No circulation damage- leading to dead tissue |
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Eschar
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layer of dead, burned tissue
tends to shrink as forms can lead to tourniquette effect then to echarotomy |
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Surgical Care of burn involves
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Reduce pain
Protect against bacteria Close wound to prevent fluid loss Removal of dead tissue debriedment |
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Contactors
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Skin shrunk, muscles shrunk
Joints seize, immobile because in single position |
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What does skin do?
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Protects
prevents loss of fluid Regulates body temperature |
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Epithelium
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Skin-
1.7 square meters of skin on body: Largest organ of body |
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Epidermis
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Upon dermis
Upper outer layer 4 layers thick, 5 layers on feet and hands holds germinal epithelial cells: production sites for new skin |
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Dermis
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2 layers of connected tissue
thicker inner layer House: hair follicles Sebatious glands (fatty oil glands) Sweat glands Lined with germinal epithelial cells |
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Rule of Nines
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Body viewed as multiple of 9's
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Lund and Browder Chart
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Body parts change in size over years
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How bad the burn is depends on:
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1. Extent of Burn
2. Depth of Burn 3. Predisposing factors |
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Superficial
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1st Degree or Partial Thickness
Burn in epidermis Bright red, pink skin Blisters (wet and soft) Heal from lower level epidermis (germinal epidermal) no scarring |
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Partial Thickness
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2nd Degree or Deep-Partial Thickness
Epidermis is gone All or part of dermis Leave dermal appendages Waxy, white, dry, elastic, sensitive to pressure Heals 3-4 weeks and from margins not as attractive when healed scars occur |
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Full Thickness
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3rd Degree
Entire depth of skin: epidermis, dermis,dermal elements, and some subcutaneous tissue Spontaneous regeneration not possible Dry, black, leathery, not elastic, eschar No pain or pressure senses |
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4th Degree
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Burn down to bone
Amputation required Burned beyond recognition of any body part involved |
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Debriedment
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Removal of dead tissue
Must be done before wound is closed Remove non-viable dead tissue Tweezers Scrub it off Surgical Chemical Enzymes |
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Grafting
Definition & Reason |
Biological Dressing
1. Maintain life 2. Preserve functioning 3. Maintain cosmetic effect |
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Autograft
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Graft from good place on own body
Optimal and permanent |
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Homograft
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from same species, dead or alive
Permanent to some degree |
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Heterograft
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Xenograft
different species (pig) temporary 4-6 weeks Rejection |
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Hypertrophic Scarring
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Excessive growth
Cosmetically unattractive Not functional Bumps and contours Prevented by wearing pressure garment 24/7 for 2 years |
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Piecemeal
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Take one amputation at a time
Not recommended Example: 1. Take toes 2. Ankele 3. Etc. |
