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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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tetanic convulsions
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uncontrolled contractions of muscles
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coagulation necrosis
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the process in which an acid while destroying tissue forms an insoluble layer that limits furher damage
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liquefaction necrosis
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the process in which an alkali dissolves and liquefies tissue
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what are the cells most sinsitive to radiation injury
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cells that reproduce most quickley like bone marrow, reproductive cells , and intestinal tract cells
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radiation types strongest to weakest
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Alpha
Beta Gamma |
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what are the factors that affect radiation exposure
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Duration
Distance Shielding |
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Rad
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basic unit of absorbed radiation dose
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Gray
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a unit of absorbed radiation dose equal to 100 rads
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radiation dose that is lethal to about 50% of exposed individuals
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is approximately 4.5 Gy
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signs and symptoms of radiation exposure
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nausea and fatigue, vomiting
physical collapse, confusion |
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1st degree or superficial burns are burns that
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only involve the epidermis and are charicterized by reddening skin
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2nd degree or partial thickness burns are burns
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that the epidermis is burned and the dermis is damaged charicterized by redness and blistering
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3rd degree or full thickness burns are
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burns that damage all layers of the skin characterized by areas that are white and dry or charred and dark brown
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what are the typical systemic complications of a burn inujury
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Hypothermia
Hypovolemia Eschar Infection Organ Failure |
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Describe how Organ Failure is caused by burns
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Myoglobin from the muscle clogs the tubules of the kidneys and may cause hypovolemia, which can cause liver failure and the release of cellular potassium in to the blood stream affects the hearts electrical system
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what is the parkland formula
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it is the amount of fluid a burn patient should have over 24 hours 4ml x patinet kg x BSA burned
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Minor burn
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1st degree <50 %
2nd degree <10 % |
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Moderate burn
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1st degree >50%
2nd degree 10 - 30% |
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Critical
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2nd degree > 30 %
3rd degree > 10 % Inhalation injury Partial or full thickness burns invloving hands, feet joints, face, or genitalia |
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urns are the second leading cause of death for for who
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children under 12
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why does dehydration and cooling happen in a burn
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because it disrupts the envelope of the body permitting fluid to leak from the capillaries in to the tissue and evaporate
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what is considered a minor burn
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superficial burn less than 50%
partial thickness less than 15% full thickness less than 2% |
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how long should you irrigate an eye when exposed to chemicals
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up to 20 min
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burns result in the disruption of what found in cell membranes
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proteins
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what are the phases of the bodys response to a burn
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emergent
fluid shift hypermetabolic |
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what are some causes of inhalation injury
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carbon monoxide
toxic inhalation supraglottic injury subglottic injury |
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what percentage of burn patients who die have associated airway burn injur
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60 %
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What is preferred for fluid resecitation for burn patients
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normal saline
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In the us how many people are hit by lightning
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300
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which chemical agent reacts vigorously with water
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sodium
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What helps limit the deptsh of acid burns
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the process of coagulation necrosis which forms a insoluble layer that limits further damage
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why are alkali burns so serious
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because they start a process called liquefaction necrosis causeing progressively deeper burns
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