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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define “Burn
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an injury caused by exposure to heat or flame
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Discuss the types of burns
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Thermal: open flame, steam, hot liquids, cold injury
Chemical: acids, strong alkalis, organic compounds Electrical: direct current, alternating current, lightning Radiation: solar, x-rays, radioactive agents Cold injury Friction Inhalation |
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How are burns classified
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*Depth*
Superficial Partial thickness Full thickness *Extent* % TBSA Wallace ‘Rule of Nines’ Lund & Browder |
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Rule of nines
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Head 4 1/2
Trunk 18 Arm 4 1/2 Legs 9 perineum |
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Minor burns
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Superficial burns of less than 15% of TBSA
Sunburn Exposure to ultraviolet light More commonly seen in light skinned clients Scald burn Exposure to moist heat Involves superficial and partial thickness |
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Major burn
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Can involve all body systems
Extensive loss of skin can result in massive infection, fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and hypothermia Cardiac dysrhythmias and circulatory failure Profound catabolic state Alteration in gastrointestinal motility Dehydration Overall body metabolism is profoundly altered |
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Stages of burn healing
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Inflammation
Reconstruction Remodeling Post burn itch |
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The haematological dysfunction associated with burns is a result of:
Burn Shock, which is caused by: |
Widespread fluid loss (hypovolaemic shock)
Widespread fluid shift (distributive shock) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, as a result of: Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) AND Burn Shock |
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What is escharotomy
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An escharotomy is a surgical procedure used to treat full thickness (third-degree) circumferential burns.
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Emergent/Resuscitative stage
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from onset of injury through successful fluid resuscitation
healthcare workers estimate extent of burn injury institute first aid measures client may be intubated |
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Acute stage of burns
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begins with start of diuresis and ends with closure of the wound, either by natural healing or by using skin grafts
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Rehabilitation stage of burns
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begins with wound closure and ends when client returns to highest level of health restoration, which may take years
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