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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A government organization that, like business corporations, provides a service that could be provided by the private sector and typically charges for its services. The U.S. Postal Service is an example.
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Government Corporation
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The government not accounted for by cabinet departments, independent regulatory agencies, and government corporations. Its administrators are typically appointed by the president and serve at the president’s pleasure. NASA is an example.
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Independent Executive Agency
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The stage of policymaking between the establishment of a policy and the consequences of the policy for the people whom it affects. Implementation involves translating the goals and objectives of a policy into an operating, ongoing program.
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Policy Implementation
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Better known as SOPs, these procedures are used by bureaucrats to bring uniformity to complex organizations. Uniformity improves fairness and makes personnel interchangeable.
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Standard Operating Procedures
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The authority of administrative actors to select among various responses to a given problem. Discretion is greatest when routines, or standard operating procedures, do not fit a case.
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Administrative Discretion
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A phrase coined by Michael Lipsky, referring to those bureaucrats who are in constant contact with the public and have considerable administrative discretion.
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Street-Level Bureaucrats
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The use of governmental authority to control or change some practice in the private sector. Regulations pervade the daily lives of people and institutions.
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Regulation
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The lifting of restrictions on business, industry, and professional activities for which government rules had been established and that bureaucracies had been created to administer.
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Deregulation
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According to Charles Schultze, the existing system of regulation whereby government tells business how to reach certain goals, checks that these commands are followed, and punishes offenders.
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Command-And-Control Policy
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According to Charles Schultze, a more effective and efficient policy than command-and-control; in the incentive system, market-like strategies are used to manage public policy.
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Incentive System
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Regulations originating from the executive branch. Executive orders are one method presidents can use to control the bureaucracy.
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Executive Orders
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A mutually dependent relationship between bureaucratic agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees or subcommittees. Iron triangles dominate some areas of domestic policymaking.
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Iron Triangles
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