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129 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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African sleeping sickness
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Melarsoprol (East) or Eflornithine (West)
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Amoebiasis
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Metronidazole
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Anaerobic infections above the diaphragm
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Empirically - Clindamycin
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Anaerobic infections below the diaphragm
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Empirically - Metronidazole
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Ankylosing spondylitis
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Indomethacin
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Anthrax
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Penicillin - but only after it has demonstrated sensitivity to it
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Anxiety disorder
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SSRI or TCA daily; add benzodiazepines as needed
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Aspergillosis
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Voriconazole (preferred) or Amphotericin B
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Asthma
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Depends on the classification, but all include a SABA - albuterol
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Autoimmune disorders
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Usually steroids
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Bacillus cereus
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Vancomycin or clindamycin
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Bacterial vaginosis
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Metronidazole
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BPH
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5-alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride, dutasteride, turosteride)
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Bipolar disorder
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Lithium (there are many options here and monotherapy is no good... usually this is added to another mood stabilizer or antipsychotic)
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Blastomycosis
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Itraconazole
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Campylobacter jejuni
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Erythromycin
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Candidiasis, systemic
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Fluconazole
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Chagas disease (early stage)
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Nifurtimox
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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Doxycycline
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Cholecystitis
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Piperacillin + tazobactam
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COPD
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Albuterol
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CMV retinitis
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Ganciclovir + valganciclovir
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CHF
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Digoxin
For non-exacerbated CHF, those that reduce mortality are: beta-blockers, ACEI/ARBs, Ang II receptor blockers, and spironolactone. Sometimes loop or thiazide diuretic is added for symptomatic relief. Aldosterone is the "secret enemy of the heart". |
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Conjunctivitis, bacterial, non-Chlamydial
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Fluoroquinolone eye drops
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Conjunctivitis, viral
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Nothing... except possibly chilled artificial tears
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Cryptococcal meningitis
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Amphotericin D + flucytosine
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Diabetes mellitus type I
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Insulin
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Diabetes mellitus type II
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Metformin - 1st line
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Diarrhea, severe
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Ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin + metronidazole
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Diphtheria
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Erythromycin
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Diverticulitis
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Metronidazole or ciprofloxacin
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DVT
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Heparin
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Encephalitis
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Empirically use acyclovir until CSF results return
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Enterobius vermicularis
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Mebendazole
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Erectile dysfunction
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PDE-5 inhibitor
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Fungal infections with black molds (dermatiaceous)
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Itraconazole
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Fusarium sp.
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Amphotericin B
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Genital herpes
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Acyclovir
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Giardiasis
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Tinidazole
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Gonorrhea
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Ceftriazone (plus doxycycline for chlamydia)
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Gout
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Colchicine (usually after NSAIDs)
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Hemophilus influenzae
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Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone
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Herpes keratitis
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Trifluridine eye drops
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Histoplasmosis
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Itraconazole
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HIV
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2 NRTI +
1 NNRTI or 1 protease inhibitor or 1 integrase inhibitor or 1 CCR5 antagonist Specifically: Emcitrabine + tenofovir + efavirenz Emcitrabine + tenofovir + ritonavir/atazanavir Emcitrabine + tenofovir + ritonavir/darunavir Emcitrabine + tenofovir + raltegravir And if pregnant: Lamivudine + zidovudine + ritonavir/lopinavir |
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Hypercholesterolemia
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HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) or bile acid sequestrants (weak... not really used much)
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Hypertension
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Thiazide diuretics
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Hyperthyroidism
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Radioablation with sodium iodine
Pharmacotherapy - beta-blocker + methimazole or propylthiouracil |
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Hypothyroidism
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L-thyroxine
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Influenza
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Oseltamavir or zanamivir
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Listeriosis
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Ampicillin
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Lyme disease
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Doxycycline
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Major depressive disorder
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SSRI
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Measles
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Vitamin A (peds) or ribavirin (adults)
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Meningitis - empirically for adult
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Ceftriaxone or cefotaxime + dexamethasone + vancomycin
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Meningitis - prophylaxis of close contacts
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Rifampin - for both N. meningitidis and H. influenzae
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Meningococcal meningitis
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Penicillin G
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Acute MI
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Aspirin + heparin + beta-blocker + nitroglycerin + morphine + oxygen
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Diarrhea, mild
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Loperamide
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MRSA
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Vancomycin
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Myasthenia gravis
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Physostigmine or neostigmine
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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Azithromycin
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Neuropathic pain
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Gabapentin
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Osteomyelitis - empirically
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Nafcillin or oxacillin
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Osteoporosis
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Bisphosphonates
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Otitis externa
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Ofloxacin drops or (polymyxin + neomycin + hydrocortisone drops) or (ciprofloxacin + hydrocortisone drops)
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Pancreatitis
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Nothing by mouth; IV fluids and opoids for pain control
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Parkinson's disease
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Dopaminergic agents (levodopa, pramipexole)
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PE
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Heparin
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Peptic ulcer
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Omeprazole
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Pneumocystis jiroveci
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TMP-SMX
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Pneumonia - empirically, adult
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Ceftriaxone + azithromycin
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Prostatitis < 35 yo
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Ceftriaxone followed by doxycycline
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Prostatitis > 35 yo
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Fluoroquinolone or TMP-SMX
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Pseudomembranous colitis
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Metronidazole
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Scedosporium apiospermum
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Voriconazole
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Scedosporium proliferans
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Itraconazole
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Seizure, absence
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Ethosuximide
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Seizure, febrile, ongoing
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Phenobarbital
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Seizure, generalized, tonic clonic
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Phenytoin
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Seizure, partial
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Carbamazepine
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Shigellosis
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Azithromycin or any fluoroquinolone
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Sporotrichosis
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Itraconazole
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Status epilepticus
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Diazepam
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Penicillin G
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Streptococcus pyogenes
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Penicillin G or V
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Syphilis
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Penicillin G
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Thrush
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Fluconazole
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Trichinosis
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Albendazole + prednisone
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Trichomoniasis
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Metronidazole
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Trigeminal neuralgia
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Carbamazepine
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UTI, inpatient
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Ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin
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UTI, outpatient
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TMP-SMX
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Vaginal candidiasis
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Miconazole
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Pseudomonas
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Ticarcillin
Carbenicillin Piperacillin Ceftazidime |
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Gonorrhea in a pregnant woman
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Ceftriaxone
Azithromycin (a macrolice) |
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Meningitis in a neonate
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Ampicillin + cefotaxime
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Otitis media in a child < 2 yo
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Amoxicillin
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Otitis media in a child > 2 yo
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Just analgesics if no fever
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Conjunctivitis in a newborn - onset within 1 day
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Nothing
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Conjunctivitis in a newborn - onset within 2nd - 4th day
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IV ceftriaxone
Likely N. gonorrhea |
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Conjunctivitis in a newborn - onset within 2nd - 16th day with dendritic corneal ulcer
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Trifluridine drops and IV acyclovir
Likely HSV |
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Conjunctivitis in a newborn - onset within 3rd - 10th day without dendritic corneal ulcer
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PO erythromycin
Likely C. trachomatis |
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Prophylaxis against ophthalmia neonatorum
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Tetracycline ointment or erythromycin ointment
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Diarrhea in a premature baby
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(piperacillin + tazobactam) or (ampicillin + sulbactam)
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Post-antibiotic use diarrhea
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Metronidazole
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Travel associated diarrhea
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Fluoroquinolones or rifaximin
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Prophylaxis for travel-associated diarrhea
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Fluoroquinolone, then ammodium with first loose stool
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Acute bronchitis
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Antitussives +/- inhaled beta-2 agonist
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Anthrax prophylaxis
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Ciprofloxacin (even in children)
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UTI in a pregnant patient
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Nitrofurantoin
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Human or animal bite
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Amoxicillin + consider rabies prophylaxis
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Borrelia burgdorferi
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Doxycycline
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Clostridium difficile
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Metronidazole
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Hemophilus ducreyi
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Azithromycin or ceftriaxone
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Neisseria meningitidis
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Penicillin G
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Pasteurella multocida
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Penicillin family drugs
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Salmonella typhi
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Ceftriaxone or any quinolone
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Staph aureus
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Oxacillin or nafcillin
Dicloxacillin if on skin Vancomycin if MRSA |
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Genital warts
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Podophyllin resin or cryotherapy or trichloroacetic acid
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GBS prophylaxis for pregnant females
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Penicillin G during labor
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Staph saphrophyticus
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Any cephalosporin or ampicillin-clavulanic acid
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Vibrio cholerae
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Doxycycline or any fluoroquinolone
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Ascaris lumbricoides
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Albendazole or mebendazole
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Necator americanus
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Albendazole or mebendazole
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Schistosoma species
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Praziquantel
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Diphyllobothrium latum
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Praziquantel
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Adenovirus (severe inf)
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Cidofovir + probenecid
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Smallpox
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Vaccine within 4 days of exposure + cidofovir
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