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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ahimsa
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Doctrine of non violence toward all living beings; represented in the First Precept
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Anatta
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No self; notion that there is no permanent self; that a person is a changing combination of components
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Anicca
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Impermanence; idea that the world is in constant flux
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Arhat
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Someone who has achieved nirvana; ideal spiritual perfection in Theravada Buddhism
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Ascetic
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One who practices very strict devotions using severe self-denial
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Bhikkhu
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fully ordained monk who has left his home and renounced all his possessions in order to follow the way of the Buddha
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Bhikkhuni sangha
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Community of fully ordained nuns
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odhisattva
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compassionate being who enlightens him or herself and helps others to be enlightened
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Buddha
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The Enlightened or Awakened One; the founder of Buddhism, formally Siddhartha Gautama
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Dalai Lama
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The ruler and spiritual leader of Tibet
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Dana
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A ceremony that takes place at the temple or in a private home, which involves the donation of food, robes, medicines, and other necessities to the sangha. Those who participate in this ritual gain merit.
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Dharma
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teachings of the Buddha and his idea of the 'truth' concerning the 'laws' of the universe
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Dukkha
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Dissatisfaction; idea that human suffering is inevitable
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Enlightenment
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Understanding the truth of life by attaining freedom from ignorance
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Five Precepts
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Rules that Buddhists follow; include abstaining from harming living beings, stealing, improper sexual activity, false speech, taking alcohol or drugs
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Four Noble truths
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Buddha's diagnosis of the main problem of life: suffering, the cause of suffering, elimination of suffering, and the path to ending suffering
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Four sights
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the sights that led to the buddha's departure from his palace to help humankind: sickness, death, old age, and poverty (ascetic)
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Karma
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"action"c or law of cause and effect; totality of one's thoughts and actions, which determines one's fate in the next life
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Koan
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An unsolvable riddle presented to a novice by his or her master for the purpose of mental discipline
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Lama
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Tibetan religious leader; translation of guru or teacher
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Mahayana
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one of the three major forms of Buddhism; dominant in East Asia, it is considered the most liberal and practical
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Mandalas
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maps, or geometrical diagrams of the spiritual journey. Looking at them helps awaken spiritual potential
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Mantras
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Symbolic phrases that are chanted
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Meditation
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A method of calming and training the mind through concentration
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Middle Way
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The path in life prescribed by the Buddha; the path between extremes
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Nirvana
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An everlasting state of great joy and peace resulting from the end of desire and suffering
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Noble Eightfold Path
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the last of the Four Noble truths. This is the path leading to the end of suffering
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Parinirvana
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Sometimes called the final nirvana; state attained upon the death of someone who has achieved nirvana
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Puja
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offerings to holy beings
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Reincarnation
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The transference of consciousness into new bodies; being born again
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Samsara
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The endless cycle of uncontrolled rebirths
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Sangha
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the community of Buddhist monks and nuns
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Satori
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Spiritual enlightenment in the Zen tradition
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Six Perfections
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Giving, morality, patience, vigour, meditation, and wisdom; what a Boddhisattva practices
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Sutras
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Scriputres establishing the teachings of Buddhism. They are represented as the discourses or sermons of the Buddha
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Thangkas
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Wall hangings found in Tibetan Buddhist temples
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Theravada
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One of the three major forms of Buddhism. Dominant in Southeast Asia, it is considered to be the original and orthodox form of Buddhism
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Tripitaka
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Three Baskets; a collection of early Buddhist scriputres
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Vajrayana
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One of the three major forms of Buddhism; popular in Tibet
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wheel of Life
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A complete visual representation of samsara, or the endless cycle of uncontrolled rebirths.
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Zen
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A buddhist sect that originated in Japan. This sect favours meditation and intuition rather than scripture or rituals as the means to enlightenment
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What are three symbols of Buddhism?
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Lotus Flower, stupas, mudras
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Lotus Flower
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Buddha had a vision of human race on bed of lotus flowers; help people with the ability to develop potential to raise undesirable life; may hold a lotus blossom or sit on a throne of petals; image of enlightenment; growth of lotus illustrates path that human mind can take; opening of wisdom, love, compassion
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Stupas
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Dome shaped mounds that house relics of Buddhas and holy figgures; every temple has one' monks walk around them 3 times when making devotions; beautiful paintings and fences of Buddha's life; smaller stupas serve as memorial crypts; pilgrimage and construction
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Mudras
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Symbolize different states of mine, 4 hand gestures, idea that you can tell someone's state of mind by hand motion
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Buddha Images
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Can be male, female, fierce, royal, kind, humble; different forms of enlightenment; choose one to develop qualities within self; help us control emotions to use for good
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Buddhism Milestones - Early life
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Male children left with monks for extended periods of time; boy becomes novice; man can enter monkhood for a limited time; ex a few weeks before marriage
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Becoming a Buddhist Monk
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Two stages : enter monastery as a novice at 7-8 years, follow ten Precepts and become attendant to a senior monk; learns Buddhist tradition. Ordained at 20 years old, shaves head, takes on religious name, wear robes, only keep necessary possessions
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Birth/Early Life
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Babies named at temples and baby boys get heads shaved at one month; monks bless and sprinkle holy water on newborn; melting of candle wax in bowl symbolizes union of 4 elements
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Marriage
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Bride and groom go to monastery to feed monks; monks don't attend weddings; goes against precepts; take place in a temple; Buddha wrapped in threat symbolize union of all that is present
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Death
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Theravadin Buddhists DO NOT believe in reincarnation of individual's identity; Dharma is cast into new life; cremation; monks comfort dying people with religious chants
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Meditation
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Leads to wisdom, ends suffering, improvement of concentration, mind confidence, and mental and physical health in lotus posture
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Mantras
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symbolic phrases that are chanted to help keep in touch with their spiritual nature and enhance meditation
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Mandala
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Means circle; visual aid for concentration; easily destroyable; square enclosed by circles symbolizing limits of physical space
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Buddha Day
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Full moon day in May; birth, enlightenment, and death of Buddha; bring flowers, candles, incense to monasteries; walk around hall 3 times while reciting 3 refuges
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Sanhga Day
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Full moon day in March; celebrate proclamation of the basic principles and sermon of the basis of success; food is offered to monks and do things for good karma
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Festival of the Floating Boats
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Thailand; full moon night of 12th lunar month, when rivers are full; float leaf bowls on rivers with candles and incense sticks; all bad luck disappears
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Dhamma Day
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Full moon day of July; commemoration of first sermon in Deer Park; food given to monks, nuns and novices; practice 5 precepts in noon, give food to poor, meditate
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SangKran
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• Mid-April
• People Clean their houses, Wash their clothes, Sprinkle perfume on monks, Rescue fish from dry ponds and carry in jars to the river, Symbolizes the observance of the First Precept, which forbids harm to any living beings • This festival brings good karma by participating |
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Immediate goal of Buddhism
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To end suffering (find cause -> desire)
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Ultimate Goal
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Enlightenment
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Eightfold path
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Way of Life of buddhists ; Right View, Thought, Speech, Conduct/Action, Livelihood, Effort, Mindfulness, concentration`
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Right view
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Follow Four Noble truths, see things as how they really are
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Right Thought
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Free mind from sensuous desire, ill-will,cruelty, good thoughts=good character
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Right Speech
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No lying, criticizing, using harsh language, gossiping
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Right Conduct/Action
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Follow Five Precepts
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Right Livelihood
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Earn a living through occupations that do not cause harm to living things
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Right Effort
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Strive to have good thoughts and work hard, living out your faith
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Right Mindfulness
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Being conscious of thoughts, actions, and words
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Right Contemplation
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Focusing mind on one thing at a time; deep meditation without losing concentration
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Four Noble Truths
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To live is to suffer, suffering is caused by desire, suffering can be brought to an end, solution to suffering
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To live is to Suffer
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Moments of happiness do not last forever
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Origin of Suffering
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Negative desire; ignorance or delusion; enjoy met needs without being greedy
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Extinction of Suffering
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Goal in Buddhism, reach Nirvana, is a state not a place
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Solution to suffering
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Follow the Eightfold path to live a life of self-improvement
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Judaism is to Christianity, as...
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Hinduism is to Buddhism
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How did Buddhism arise?
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Out of Hinduism as a direct result of the influence of Siddhartha
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Hinduism only believe in
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Caste System, Braham
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Buddhism - beliefs in
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The middle way and Four noble truths
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Both Hinduism and Buddhism believe in
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Reincarnation, karma/dharma, cyclical view of history, belief in a state of enlightenment
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Caste that Siddhartha was born into
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Kshatriya
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What did Siddhartha's father sought to do?
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Isolate Prince from suffering in the world; wanted son to be a great leader
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Who wept when they saw Siddhartha as a baby?
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Asita
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Four Passing Sights
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sickness, old age, death, poverty
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Period of Enquiry/examination
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Siddhartha left his family to find cause of suffering; became an ascetic, 6 years in the forest, realized it is the Middle Way
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Period of Enlightenment
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Sits under Bodhi tree; tempted by Mara and 5 daughters; woke up enlightened
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What is the cause of all suffering?
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Desire
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Anica
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Impermanence
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Dukkha
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Dissatisfaction
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Anatta
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selflessness
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5 Precepts
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Abstain from killing or harming, stealing, improper sexual conduct, false speech, taking alcohol and harmful drugs
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Additional Precepts for nuns and monks
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Abstain from : eating after noon, looking at dancing, singing, or drama, the use of perfumes or beautifying products, using comfortable beds, accepting gold and silver
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Three Refuges
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Purpose was the guide followers along the right path and keep them on their journey
Buddha : guide/man Dharma : path/teachings Sangha : community of teachers first step to enlightenment |
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water Flowing ritual
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Family members pour water over deceased body and usually eldest son lights pyre; 6th day after death, service is held at home and held again next year
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Sacred writings
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One is free to discover meaning, written by many authors, main source is the Three Baskets
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Basket of Disciple
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5 books with rules of monastic life and conduct (for monks)
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Basket of Discourse
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Teachings of the Buddha (most important, all follow)
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Basket of Further Teachings
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Deals with nature of consciousness and technical Buddhist teachings
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Sutras
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discourses attributed to the Buddha
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Theravada Schools
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Southern school, found in Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, conservative; does not recognize scriptures after Baskets, emphasize teachings of Buddha but not Buddha himself, Arhats
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Manayana School
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Northern School found in China, Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Greater vehicle, liberal and see Buddha as divine being. emphasizes roles of Bodhisattvas
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Vajrayana School
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Tibet, Bhutan, Nepal; made later than others, emphasizes rituals, mantras, visualizations, thangkas, wall hangings, mandalas, view visual representations to achieve enlightenment; Dalai Lama
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Compassion
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Buddhism philosophy that one must share the feelings of suffering of others
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Ancient language Buddhists used for ancient scriptures
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Pali and Sanskrit
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