Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
In what order did the three major branches of Buddhism appear? |
Theravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana |
|
|
|
When did Theravada Buddhism emerge? |
Between 5th and 1st centuries BCE |
|
|
|
When did Mahayana Buddhism emerge? |
1st century CE |
|
|
|
When did Vajrayana Buddhism emerge? |
5th century CE |
|
|
|
From where did Theravada Buddhism first emerge and then spread? |
India, then Sri Lanka and SE Asia |
|
|
|
From where did Mahayana Buddhism first emerge and then spread? |
India, then SE, Central, and East Asia |
|
|
|
From where did Vajrayana Buddhism first emerge and then spread? |
India, then Tibet and back to India |
|
|
|
What are the "Three Gems" of Buddhism? |
The Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha |
|
|
|
When and where did Shakyamuni teach? |
2500 years ago in northern India |
|
|
|
When will the next Buddha be born? |
When the dharma (teachings) decline |
|
|
|
Where was Siddhartha Gautama born? |
Southern Nepal |
|
|
|
What were the "Four Sights"? |
sick man, suffering man, dead man, and ascetic man (who overcame suffering) |
|
|
|
How are the "Three Gems" related to the "Three Refuges"? |
Buddhists express their faith by "taking refuge" in the three gems. At initiating ceremonies, they recite the "Three Refuges" mantras. |
|
|
|
Name two major Buddhist innovations |
the impermanence of the human self or soul social egalitarianism |
|
|
|
How old was Shakyamuni when he died? |
80 |
|
|
|
Is the Buddha simply a human being, or is he divine? |
Human being who has fulfilled the spiritual potential of all living creatures |
|
|
|
What is the term for the wheel of dharma? |
dharmachakra |
|
|
|
Did the Buddha choose to be born? |
Yes |
|
|
|
Where does Shakyamuni go after his ascetic stage? |
Bodh Gaya |
|
|
|
What is a Bodhi tree? |
A large fig tree considered sacred in India |
|
|
|
What happens under the Bodhi tree? |
He fulfills his bodhisattva vow by achieving enlightenment |
|
|
|
What does Shakyamuni commit to achieving under the Bodhi tree? |
nirvana |
|
|
|
Do the bodhisattva and the yoga meditate similarly? |
No. The yogi seeks to move ever deeper into unconsciousness; the bodhisattva meditates to become more conscious, more aware, more mindful |
|
|
|
How would you describe nirvana in the negative sense? |
"Putting out the fires" of greed, hatred, and delusion |
|
|
|
How would you describe nirvana in the positive sense? |
the experience of transcendent happiness |
|
|
|
Was Shakyamuni ever married? |
Yes, and he had kids |
|
|
|
Who did Shakyamuni approach first after attaining buddhahood? |
His five companions |
|
|
|
What is the difference between bodhisattva and buddha? |
Bodhisattva - one striving to attain buddhahood Buddha - "fully enlightened one" |
|
|
|
How related are nirvana and shunyata? |
Quite |
|
|
|
sutra |
"wheel turning" discourse |
|
|
|
What is another name for the beginning of the Wheel Turning discourse? |
"Instruction on the Middle Path" |
|
|
|
What is the term for the final end of the cycle of death and rebirth? |
parinirvana |
|
|
|
Difference between Hindu dharma and Buddhist dharma |
"duty" as opposed to "eternal truth of Buddhist teaching" |
|
|
|
Major difference between Buddhism and its predecessor Hinduism? |
The denial of Atman |
|
|
|
What are the three characteristics of existence? |
Suffering (dukkha) No-self (anatman) Impermanence |
SIN |
|
|
What are the Four Noble Truths? |
Cessation, Eightfold Path, Origin, and Suffering |
CEOs |
|
|
Define the Noble Truth of Suffering |
No living being can escape suffering (dukkha) |
|
|
|
Define the Noble Truth of Origin |
Suffering arises from excessive desire
|
|
|
|
Define The Noble Truth of Cessation |
Suffering will cease when desire ceases |
|
|
|
Define the Noble Truth of Eightfold Path |
|
|
|
|
What is the term for suffering? |
Dukkha |
|
|
|
How does a Buddhist put an end to desire and hence suffering? |
Eightfold path |
|
|
|
What are 4 of the 8 components of the Eightfold path? |
right understanding right thought right speech conduct livelihood effort right mindfulness right meditation |
Right... |
|
|
What is the term for emptiness? |
Sunyata |
|
|
|
What does Sunyata also mean? |
InterBeing, impermanent fabric of reality, emptiness of everything |
|
|
|
Do Buddhist believe in Atman? |
No, they believe in anatman. "No man/no soul." There is not non-existence, but rather not essence. There is no self; there is no pen. It is all maya. |
|
|
|
What is the Buddhist understanding of reincarnation? |
A flame lighting other flames. A light lighting other lights. NOT transmigration of the soul. |
|
|
|
What is prajna? |
wisdom or insight necessary for enlightenment
|
|
|
|
What are the Three Vehicles? |
Theravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana
|
|
|
|
What is the term for Buddhist monks? |
Bhikshus |
|
|
|
What is the term for Buddhist nuns? |
Bhikshunis |
|
|
|
What are The Tripitaka? |
The Three Baskets of Theravada Buddhism (AKA the Pali canon) |
|
|
|
What is Vipassana? |
"Insight" or "mindfulness" meditation practiced by Theravada Buddhists
|
|
|
|
What is anicca? |
Impermanence |
|
|
|
What is a helpful image for trying to contemplate Dependent Origination? |
A pool table with balls constantly moving and bumping off other balls and cushions
|
|
|
|
What is the Dhammapada? |
"fundamentals of dharma" Early writings |
|
|
|
Is nirvana a practice? |
yes |
|
|
|
What is the Middle Way? |
The Eightfold path |
|
|
|
Why were the Tripitaka named thus? |
The texts were originally stored in Three Baskets |
|
|
|
In what language were the Tripitaka written? |
Pali |
|
|
|
What are the names of the three sections of the Tripitaka? |
Sutra Pitaka (discourse basket) Vinaya Pitaka (discipline basket) Abhidharma Pitaka (and further discourses) |
|
|
|
How many layers of the lay congregation are there? |
Eight. Four categories with two subcategories each |
|
|
|
What is the Trikaya? |
The Mahayana Doctrine of "The 3 Bodies" — various ways in which the Buddha can be experienced
|
|
|
|
Name two of the Three Bodies |
Sambhogakaya (Bliss Body) Nirmanakaya (Appearance Body) Dharmakaya (Dharma Body) |
BAD |
|
|
Theravada Buddhists reject all scriptures composed after the composition of _______ |
the Tripitaka ("Three Baskets") |
|
|
|
Which Vehicle opened up the door of enlightenment to non-bhikshu (laypeople)? |
Mahayana |
|
|
|
What are Buddha-realms? |
Heavens in which the buddhas and bodhisattvas reside |
|
|
|
What is Pure Land Buddhism? |
The movement that venerates a celestial buddha of "infinite life" known as Amitabha |
|
|
|
What is Madhyamaka? |
The Middle Way |
|
|
|
Who originated the philosophical position called The Middle Way? |
Nagarjuna |
Ngrjn |
|
|
Another name for Pure Land |
"Western Paradise" |
|
|
|
What sect of Buddhism has the closest parallel to Christian concept of salvation? |
Pure Land Buddhism |
|
|
|
What are Jingtu and Jodo? |
Chinese and Japanese forms of Pure Land Buddhism |
|
|
|
Who is the founder of Chan-Zen Buddhism? |
Bodhidharma |
|
|
|
Who was Bodhidharma? |
Founder of Chan-Zen Buddhism Sixth-century CE Indian monk |
|
|
|
Which Buddhism school does Chan-Zen Buddhism oppose? |
Pure Land |
|
|
|
Chan emphasized ______________ in contrast with Pure Land's "other power" |
Self-power |
|
|
|
Which branch emphasizes chanting mantras? |
Vajrayana |
|
|
|
What is the best-known Vajrayana mantra? |
Om mani padme hum ("O the jewel in the lotus") |
|
|
|
Which tradition of Buddhism envisions cosmic reality as the interplay of male and female forces and teaches a set of techniques for tapping into that energy? |
Tantrism |
|
|
|
What is the Bardo Thodol?
|
Tibetan Book of the Dead
|
|
|
|
What is the Tibetan Book of the Dead? |
A set of instructions concerning the afterlife, to be read aloud to the dying to help them achieve liberation during the three stages between death and rebirth |
|
|
|
Who is Tenzin Gyatso? |
He is the Fourteenth Dalai Lama |
|
|
|
What is the term for the godlike hand gestures in art? |
Mudras |
|
|
|
Who was Lhamo Thondup? |
The boy who became the 14th and current Dalai Lama—Tenzin Gyatso |
|
|
|
When and where did the succession of Dalai Lamas begin? |
16th century Tibet |
|
