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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is media technology?
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something that is between you and pple that are operating the mdedium between 2 pple in two different places in space or time (i.e. x-rays)
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the average person spends about how many hours in front of some sort of screen?
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9 hours
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true/false
all media is an extension of our senses...? |
true
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how long would it take for the speed of light to travel across milky way?
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100,000years
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how many galaxies are there?
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billions
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where was the first place to store books? how many books did it have?
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Alexandria's library....had nearly 1 million scrolls
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what is "cosmos"?
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"orbit" of universe
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according to the grid in Cosmos, where are on the grid?
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speck on the bottom right hand of grid
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what is said to shape human conciousness?
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the idea that media extends our senses across the universe and into our body
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a word is an extension of what? radio is an extension of what?
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-is an extension of a thought
-is an extension of ear and voice |
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as media changes, so does what?
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society
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how are things recorded now on the grid, according to cosmos calender? and when is its last record?
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minutes instead of years.....dec.31
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how does the cosmic calender operate?
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*cosmic time is slower than human calender and time
-month=1.25 billion yrs. -day=40 million yrs -minute=30,000yrs -seconds=500yrs |
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on Dec. 31, how did information evolve?
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10:30 PM- first humans
11:46PM- fire discovered 11:59.20 PM- first tools 11:59.30 PM- first cities 111:59.59 PM- first mass media (printing press) |
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what is the doppler effect?...which waves are louder?
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the shift in pitch as in when a train goes by. the compressed waves are louder (change/ shift in sound)
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what year was the big bang and who discovered it?
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1920s
-homeson and hubble |
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what were the 3 things that verified the Big Bang?
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-at Bell Telephone labs (N.J)
-by Penzias & Wilson (discovered static/ snow...TV) -Using Radio Telescopes and satelites |
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What is said to be radioactive energy left over from the Big Bang?
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Static/Snow...TV
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how amny bits of info. are in a virus? bacteria? anemia? our system?
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-virus:10,000Bits (1page)
-Bacteria:1 million Bits(100 pages) -Anemia:400 million bits(80 books) -System:5 billion bits(1,000 books) |
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according to Cosmos, what does the chain consist of )from least amount of bits to to the most)?
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1.virus (100,000 bits)
2.bacteria (1 million) 3.Amoebo (400 million) 4.Human DNA (5 billion) 5.Brain(100 trillion) 6.Books 7.computers |
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how many neurons are in the stars galaxy?
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100 billion
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first artworks goes back to about how many years ago?
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50- 60,000 yrs
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the printing press was invented in what year and by whom?
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1455-gutenburg
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what is the pre-cursor to info. evolving?
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expanansion of knowledge
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what 3 aspects are making the speed of info. increase?
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-technology(Genes,Brains,Books,Computer, Global Network)
-technology (hunter gatherers,villages,cities,metropolis) -Speed(walking,horses,cars/trains,planes/rockets) |
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what is the infrastructure that contains cyberspace?
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internet
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this is a big place in a small place....?
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brain
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networks have enclosed all of this information...?
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3 aspects that increase speed of info.
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during "villages", all communication was face to face. what broke the boundaries?
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books
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books were the first indication for what?
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to transform forms of communication
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what was Marshall Mcluhans theory?
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global village (everyone is connected, gets rid of space and time)
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what happened the summer of 1945 (july/august)?
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-scientists figured how to split the first atom
-first electronic computer created at UPENN |
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what was the idea behind scientists splitting the atom?
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-it unleashed energy w/in, which could be used for good or bad...to destroy a city.
(temps. reaching a million degrees) |
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what was the first electronic computer and how wasit digitized?
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ENIAC-1s(let info pass) and 0s (don't let info pass)
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what happened in 1947?
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soviet union found out how to recreate the bomb....they became bigger and more powerful
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what happens when u split atoms?
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create atom bomb
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it is said that once 1s and 0s were figured out for operating computers, things expanded. such as?
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computers:
-got smaller -more powerful -price declined |
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who identified the pattern of computer power increasing and price decreasing?...what year?
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-Gordon Moore
1964 |
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what is Moores law?
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-every 18month to 2 years, power of computers doubles and price goes down
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how many bits equal a byte?
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8 bits equal a byte
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how many bytes are in kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte?
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kilobyte-1,000
megabyte-1,000,000 gigabyte-1,000,000,000 terabyte-1,000,000,000,000 (petabyte,exabyte,zeitabyte, yottabte) |
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which type of byte do must computers operate by?
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gigabyte
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this is said to continually get larger?
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cyberspace
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what was created in 1957?
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Sputnik's first telecommunications satellite (created global communications)
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what is D.E.W line and what does it stand for?
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Defense Early Warning System
-first element of internet -set up system for alert of nuclear war |
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what is ARPANET and what does it stand for? what year was it created/
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Advanced Research Project Agency
-idea that network will survive nuclear war -created non- linear communication -created in 1960 |
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emails,phones, and packet switching are considered what type of communication
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-email &packet switching:non-linear
-phones: linear (if u call ny from philly, goes straight to ny) |
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what are the 6 effects that justified Moores law?
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1.media(penetrated every aspect of life)
2.global network(cyberspace in network0 3.Changing traditional media (mags. and papers online) 4.changed our personal media (convergence of media) 5.Digital media afecting economy 6. Policy |
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the term "the medium is the message" was created by whom? what does it mean?
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-Marshall Mcluhan
-TV,Internet(i.e.) are the mediums ~can track rise of celebrity culture thru electronics ~survellance |
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what accelerates, displaces and connects?
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global village
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what movie was the first to see how computers might actually work and how pple would interact with them?
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space odyssey (showed evolution of technology)
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why was the movie "space odyssey" so important?
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-first film where computers controlled film shots
-gave warning to make sure u didn't give up all ur privacy to computer -first time they used digital reality |
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how did the movie "space odyssey" illustrate media of the future?
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won't be a robot, just a survellance that will be everywhere
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in "space odyssey", who is Hal? why is he famous?
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-is a computer
-it is liek a robot, brain of the ship |
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in "space odyssey", where did Dave go in his journey?
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went to computer realm/ looked like artificial reality
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in the movie "tron", how did illustrate global village?
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-freedom to navigate thru the system while protecting privacy
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what is the whole idea behind superbowl commercials?
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they don't have to reach all 125 million pple, they just need to reach 1/12 percent (10 million) to make a ton of money. 1% would be GREAT!
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when an ad during superbowl is said to be mariginally successful, what does that mean? successful?
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-break even
-even |
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who is George Orwell?
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-wrote 1984 book on the idea of "if TV watched us" (cameras)
-book talked bout survellance issues -privacy will be threatened |
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what was the meaning and benifit of the Apple Commercial?
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-sayed that apple will give u freedom and prevent authoritatrian control
-next day supplies were sold out -ad was most effective and generated idea that ads can generate revenue |
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what is the toddler effect?
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when new technology comes along, each wave gets bigger. it does not become obsolete
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what year was the steam engine created?
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1793
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what technlogy was said to to be the key technology that changed society?
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the plow- agriculture
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what are the 3 waves and in what order?
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1.agricultural
2.industrial 3.information |
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what 3 things do u need for mass production of things?
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-raw materials
-energy -labor |
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what does the movie title "koyanisquats" mean?
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means life out of violence
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what did the movie "koyanisquats" illusrate?
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illustrates th evolution from the first beginning of communication
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what metaphor can be drawn from the "Naqoyqats 2002"?
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drew metaphor of connection between computer chips and cities from outlook
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who founded the library in Alexandrias in his palace?
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Ptolemy I, a general in Alexander's Army
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what was said to have the first "layer of webbing"?
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electric telegraph
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when was the electric telegragh and telephone invented?
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e.telegragh- 1837
telephone-1876 |
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who invented the wireless telegraghy and was said to be the Bill gates of that time?
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Guglielmo Marconi
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what were Thomas edison's invetions?
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-incandescent lamp (1879)
-quadruplexer, which allowed 4 seperate messages to be sent over one line at a time |
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who invented the telephone?
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Alexander Graham Bell
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WWI spurred the development of what?
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radio
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what event gave a boost to wireless telegraphy?
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Titanic disaster
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who were the early fathers of commercial radio?
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-Lee de Forest
-Edward Howard Armstrong -Candian Reginald fessenden -David Sarnoff |
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In 1865, what union was formed and what was its purpose?
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International Telegraph Union
-to harmonize technical standards, set policies, and facilitate tariff agreements |
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In 1920, the International Telegragh Union bacame known as what? What was its responsibilities?
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International Telecommunicaions Union
-responsible for issues such as allocations of radio frequency to equal distribution of satellite "parking spaces" |
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the term "telecommunications" implies what?
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the use of electronic technologies for communication over long distances
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what is digital revolution?
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the convergence of computer networks, satellites, telephone connections and other technologies
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what is digitization?
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the convertion of information to binary digits 1s and 0s that can be quickly read and exchanged by computers, and then decoded
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what is digital media?
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media that tend to be digital, computer driven, interactive, and in many cases, able to better serve neds of info. seeker
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true/false
no one thing lead to emergence of digital enviroment |
true
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what are the 10 reasons for the emergence of digital media?
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1.increased digitization of info. (text, audio, video)
2.Growth and mass penetration of powerful personal computers 3.develpment of user friendly interfaces and miniaturization of compter hardware 4.development of networking software/hardware 5.federal govt. support for building of global info 6.corporate consolidations in media &telecommunications industries 7.technological convergence 8.broader bandwith capabilities and compression techs. 9.diffusion of computer technology in many sectors of daily life 10.demonstrated market demand for news, info., and entertainment |
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the idea that digital information can be transmitted thru fiber optics, radio waves, telephone wire, coaxial cable, or a combonation, is known as what?
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digitization
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when it comes to consumer adoption, in 1983, what percent of US homes had a personal computer?...2000?
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1983-7%
2000- more than half of all US households had a computer |
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what was the first US built, all electronic computer?
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ENIAC (Electronic numerical integrator and calculator)
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in 1970s, the first truly "personal computer" appeared in the form of what?
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MITS Altair
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what is user-friendly software?
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software that helps "hide" or disguise the complexities of computer technology
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what was the first computer developed for?
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developed for computing, not communicating
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prior to WWII, the word computer referred to what?
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a person, not a machine
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what are LANs and WANs?
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-Local Area Networks (connects computers in a physically contained area..office)
-Wide Area Networks (are like lans,except they tend to be much bigger in scope)they can connect many different lans..campuses,cities |
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this Act and infrastructure is a manefifestation of a federal govt. that is aware of an emerging digital media enviroment?
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-Federal Telecommunications Act of 1996 (took place of Act of 1934)
-National Information Infrastructure |
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what 2 laws were created during time of Act of 1996, were shot down?
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-Communications Decency Act (CDA), which aimed to regulate indecent content
-Child Online Protection Act (similar to CDA, but narrower in scope) |
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Federal Communications Act of 1996, effectively did what?
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knoked down a number of regulatory barriers in the media and communications industries
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according to business week mag., whjt was said to be a "turning point in the evolution of communications"?
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-the merger between long- distance telephone magalith AT&T and cable giant "Telecommunications Inc." (TCI)
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what is today's largest multi- media organization in the world?
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Time Warner and America Online, which was finalized in 2001
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what was put in place to make sure that a single company does not grow so large as to unfairl eliminate its competition and monopolize the market?
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checks and balances
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what was predicted to be the the dominant broadcast medium by 2006?
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Digital TV (DTV)
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what are fiber optics?
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transfers info. in the form of light, which can carry the equivalent of 100,00 telephoe conversations over a single fiber.
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what are the 2 compression technologies (ways telephone lines can carry more info.)
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-Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL), which compresses signals so that more info. can pass over traditional lines
-Integrated Digital Service Network (ISDN), which are phone lines that carry digital rather than analog signals |
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what is a Bit and a Byte?
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bit- a digit (1/0)
byte- a set of eight bits...i.e. the letter A |
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who was the cofounder of the chip manufacturer Intel?
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Gordon Moore
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who is Nicholas Negroponte?
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-digital entrpeneur and author of "Being Digital"
-wrote about difference between atoms and bits -talks about post-information age |
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what is the S-Curve Pattern of consumer adoption?
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illustrates the stages that a new technology goes thru if it is successfully adopted by the mass consumer market
(1.when first introduced, small # of pple purchase it even if expensive 2.as tech. advances, it goes thru more rapid adoption 3.adoption continues until everyonw has it |
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what was Gilders Vision?
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-idea that public will buy and use technologies that techno- visionaries believe will permeate our everyday lives.
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what is saturation in terms of communication?
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stage where vast majority of households have the technology
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