Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
110 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what are the stages of death and grief
|
denial
anger bargaining depression acceptance |
|
|
what is the nurse practice act
|
a series of statutes that have been enacted by each state legislature to regulate the practice of nursing in each state
|
|
|
what is the nursing process
|
assessment, analysis, planning, implementing, and evaluation
|
|
|
what part of the nursing process can UAP's take part in
|
implementing
|
|
|
how should leaders communicate with others
|
in an assertive manner, start with I and not you
|
|
|
what are the 4 levels of disaster management
|
mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery
|
|
|
what is mallows hierarchy of needs
|
basic needs, safety and security, love and belonging, self esteem, self actualization.
|
|
|
what test do you do before drawing bags
|
allens test
|
|
|
what are the symptoms of respiratory failure
|
dyspnea, tachypnea; intercostal and sternal retractions; cyanosis pulmonary inflitrates
|
|
|
what are the early signs of shock
|
agitation and restlessness resulting from cerebral hypoxia
|
|
|
what are the signs of shock
|
tachycaridia, tachypnea, decrease in BP, mental status change, skin changes: cool clammy skin, diaphoresis, paleness, fluid status changes: urine output decreases, difference in input and output, CVP is abnormal (less than 4) urine specific gravity is greater than 1.020
|
|
|
what are the stages of shock
|
initial, compensatory, progressive, irreversible
|
|
|
what urine specific gravity indicates hypovolemia
|
greater than 1.020
|
|
|
what is the equation for map
|
cardiac output x toral peripheral resistance = systolic BP +2 (diastolic BP)/3
|
|
|
what is trendelenburg position
|
feet up 45 degrees, head flat
|
|
|
how should you administer medications for shock victims
|
IV
|
|
|
when is DIC suspected
|
bloody oozing from two or more unexpected sites
|
|
|
what do lab values look like in DIC
|
prolonged PT and PTT, decreased fibrinogen and platelet count
|
|
|
what are the symptoms of a DIC crisis
|
sob, unexpected bleeding, weak, thready pulse, cold and clammy skin, hematuria
|
|
|
what electrolyte increase in dehydration
|
sodium
|
|
|
what are the lab changes in fluid volume changes
|
dehydration: elevated BUN and creatinine, increased serum osmolarity, elevated hemoglobin and hematacrit
opposite it excess |
|
|
what type of fluid is water
|
hypotonic
|
|
|
what is the normal ratio of BUN and creatinine
|
1:20
|
|
|
what do the adrenal glands do
|
secrete aldosterone which causes sodium retention and potassium excretion
|
|
|
what do the parathyroid glands do
|
regulate calcium and phosphorus balance
|
|
|
what does the pituitary gland do
|
secretes ADH
|
|
|
what other electrolyte accompanies a low potassium level
|
a low magnesium level
|
|
|
what are some foods high in potassium
|
bananas, oranges, cantaloupes, avocados, spinach, potatoes
|
|
|
what are the two neuro signs for hypocalcemia
|
trousseau sign and chvosteks sign
|
|
|
what vitamin increases uptake of calcium
|
D
|
|
|
what are foods high in magnesium
|
meats, nuts, legumes, fish and veggies
|
|
|
when is the U wave most prominent
|
hypokalemia
|
|
|
what does the nurse monitor for in postoperativenursing care
|
signs of shock and hemorrhage
|
|
|
individuals with fewer than how many CD4 T cells are at risk for opportunistic infections
|
200
|
|
|
when do initial symptoms of HIV occur
|
within 3 seeks of exposure
|
|
|
what are the stages ofHIV
|
Primary infection, HIV asymptomatic, HIV symptomatic, AIDS
|
|
|
what are the symptoms of the primary infection stage of HIV
|
mononucleosis like illness, lymphadenopathy, fever, malaise, rash
|
|
|
what are the symptoms of the symptomatic stage of HIV
|
persistent generalized lympadenopathy, persistant fever, weight loss, diarrhea, peripheral neuropathy, herpes zoster, candidiasis, cervical dysplasia, hairy leukoplakia, extreme fatigue
|
|
|
what does the CD4 Tcell count represent
|
how many infection fighting lymphocytes the person has
|
|
|
what is given for narcotic induced respiratory depression
|
Narcan 0.1-0.4 IV every 2-3 minutes as needed until 1mg is achieved
|
|
|
renal failure causes all hypo except in what electrolytes
|
phosphate and magnesium
|
|
|
what are the characteristics of kussmal respirations
|
abnormally deep, regular, and increased in rate
|
|
|
what are the signs of phlebitis
|
heat, redness, tenderness at the site, not swollen or hard
|
|
|
what are the signs of infiltration
|
edema, pain and coolness at the site
|
|
|
if you want in increase intravascular volume, what kind of solution do you give
|
hypertonic
|
|
|
what are the symptoms of circulatory overload
|
headache, dyspneic, chills, and apprehensive with an increased pulse rate
|
|
|
what are the signs of infection of a wound
|
redness, erythema, ecchymosis, drainage, approximation of the wound edges
|
|
|
what position should patients be in with evisceration or dehiscence
|
low fowlers with knees bent
|
|
|
what is homans sign
|
positive is a sign of DVT, dorsiflexion on the foot at 90 degree angle
|
|
|
barrel chest is a symptom of what disease
|
emphysema
|
|
|
what are the manifestations of inadequate arterial oxygenation
|
cyanosis and slow capillary refill. chronic is clubbing of the fingernails and a late sign is clubbing of the fingers
|
|
|
what is related to the development of cancers of the larynx
|
alcohol and tobacco
|
|
|
cancers of the larynx usually require what
|
laryngectomy and need a trach
|
|
|
patients with a laryngectomy need what
|
humidity
|
|
|
what is the transmission of TB
|
airborne
|
|
|
what is a positive tb skin test
|
10mm or greater in diameter 48 hr after skin test
|
|
|
what is an important teaching point for clients with TB
|
must take meds through whole time usually 9-12 months
|
|
|
how should the client be positioned if a pneumonectomy occurred
|
on operative side or back
|
|
|
what do you do if a chest tube becomes disconnected
|
do not clamp, place distal end in a container of sterile water
|
|
|
what fluctuations should be seen in a chest tube
|
upward with each inspiration and down with each expiration
|
|
|
what is the difference between emphysema and chronic bronchitis
|
bronchitis-blue bloaters, rt sided heart failure, chronic sputum with cough production, increase in bronchial wall thickness
emphysema- reduced gas exchange surface area, increased air trapping "punk puffers" |
|
|
what are some common symptoms of pneumonia
|
tachypnea, fever with chills, productive cough, bronchial breath sounds, infiltrates, increased WBC count
|
|
|
what are the three major types of renal failure
|
prerenal, intrarenal, postrenal
|
|
|
what are the three phases of acute renal failure
|
oilguric phase, diuretic phase, recovery phase
|
|
|
what are the primary extracellular ions
|
sodium and chloride
|
|
|
what are the primary intracellular ions
|
potassium and phosphate
|
|
|
what is the difference in lab values in the oliguric phase and the diuretic phase of acute renal failure
|
oliguric: increased BUN and Creatinine, increased potassium, decreased sodium, decreased pH, fluid overload, high urine specific gravity
diuretic: decreased fluid volume, decreased potassium, decreased sodium, low urine specific gravity |
|
|
what is the normal kidney exertion in 24 hours
|
1ml of urine per kg of body weight per hour, usually around 1-2 liters in 24 hours
|
|
|
what is kayexalate for
|
if potassium is too high
|
|
|
what are the signs of hyperkalemia
|
dizziness, weakness, peaked t waves, muscle cramps, diarrhea, nausea
|
|
|
what diet should ARF patients be on
|
low protein, moderate fat, high carb, low potassium, low sodium
|
|
|
what must be restricted in chronic renal failure patients
|
protein
|
|
|
what is most often used as an indicator of the level of protein consumption
|
glomerular filtration rate
|
|
|
what should be assessed for in a person with an AV shunt, fistula or graph
|
thrill and bruit
|
|
|
what is the difference in pain between angina and an MI
|
MI has sudden onset of pain, pain is not relieved by rest, pain is not relieved by nitroglycerin
|
|
|
what is an indicated of heart failure
|
wet lungs
|
|
|
what is a classic pain sign of peripheral vascular disease (arterial)
|
intermittent claudication
|
|
|
what are the symptoms of right and left sided heart failure
|
right: peripheral edema
Left: pulmonary edema |
|
|
what are the 5 Ps of neurovascular functioning
|
pain, paresthesia, pulse, pallor and paralysis
|
|
|
what is hodgkins disease characterized by
|
generalized painless lymphadenopathy
|
|
|
how is the diagnosis of hodgkins disease made
|
reed-sternberg cells
|
|
|
what drugs are used to treat myasthenia gravis
|
antichloinerterase
|
|
|
a chancre is related to what disease
|
primary syphilis
|
|
|
how do you determine the extent of surface area burned on a person
|
rule on nines: head and neck 9%, upper extremities (9% each), lower 18 % each, front trunk 18%, back trunk 18%, perineal area, 1%.
can also use lund and browder chart |
|
|
what should be noted in the suction control chamber of the chest tube
|
continuous bubbling
|
|
|
what is the pH to confirm placement of an NG tube
|
3.5 or lower
|
|
|
what is kept at the bedside of a client with a trach
|
kelly clamp and obturator
|
|
|
what does the patient do when removing chest tube
|
valsalva maneuver
|
|
|
what are the characteristics of psoriasis
|
silvery-white scaly patches on the scalp, elbows, knees, and sacral regions
|
|
|
what are the characteristics of celluitis
|
a skin infection into the dermis and subcutaneous tissue
|
|
|
what are the characteristics of a melanoma
|
irregularly shaped pigmented papule or plaque with a red, white, or blue toned color
|
|
|
when should a breast self exam be done
|
7 days after the start of the menstrual period
|
|
|
what is the most common symptom of bladder cancer
|
hematuria
|
|
|
what is myxedema coma from
|
from persistently low thyroid production
|
|
|
what is pheochromocytoma
|
a catecholamine producing tumor
|
|
|
what are the primary manifestations of pheochromocytoma
|
hypertension and headache
|
|
|
what is the sequence for abdominal assessment
|
inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpitation
|
|
|
what are the symptoms of dumping syndrome
|
vertigo, tachycardia, syncope, sweating, pallor, palpitations and the desire to lay down
|
|
|
where is acute pancreatitis pain
|
severe and unrelenting pain in the epigastric area and radiating to the back
|
|
|
where is the pain in cholecystitis
|
right upper quadrant pain that radiates to the right scapula
|
|
|
what is the biggest side effect of thyroid meds
|
agranulocytosis
|
|
|
when do the posterior fontanel close
|
8 weeks
|
|
|
when does a child speak two to three word sentences
|
2 years
|
|
|
when is steady head control developed
|
4 months
|
|
|
when does the anterior fontanel close
|
12-18 months
|
|
|
what are ericksons stages
|
trust vs mistrust-infant birth to 1
autonomy vs shame and doubt-toddler 1-3 years initiative vs guilt- preschool-3-5 years industry vs inferiority- school age 6-12 identity vs role confusion-12-19 |
|
|
what is the normal urine output for children
|
1-2 ml/kg/hr
|
|
|
what are the signs of respiratory distress in children
|
restlessness, increased respiratory rate, increased pulse, diaphoresis
|
|
|
what are the signs of cardiac problems in an infant
|
poor feeding, poor weight gain, respiratory distress and infection, edema, cyanosis
|
|
|
what are the signs of hydrocephalus
|
opposite of shock, decreased pulse, increased blood pressure. Change in level of consciousness
|
