Bsf Block 1: Membrane Channels

Front 1

The cells in a myelin sheath have much more _________ in their membranes than red blood cells.

Back 1

lipid

Front 2

Phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin, cholesterol, etc. are all _____________________.

Back 2

different types of phospholipids found on the membrane

Front 3

How come we have hydrophilic proteins in the hydrophobic lipid bilayer?

Back 3

Hydrophobic amino acids on the outside of the protein allow hydrophilic proteins to get into the hydrophobic lipid bilayer.

Front 4

How many amino acids span a lipid bilayer membrane?

Back 4

20

Front 5

In multispanning proteins, what part of the protein is the target of phosphorylation?

Back 5

the cytoplasmic loop portion

Front 6

What are the 4 functions of integral proteins?

Back 6

-enzymes
-adhesion to matrix
-receptors
-transporters and channels

Front 7

By definition, channels are (open/not open) most of the time.

Back 7

open

Front 8

What determines how fast a molecule can diffuse through a channel?

Back 8

Fick's Law of diffusion, size, shape and internal charge

Front 9

Gated channels can be opened by what signals?

Back 9

-chemical
-electrical
-physical force

Front 10

Does Fick's law apply in gated channels?

Back 10

yes, once the gate is open, diffusion rate depends on ficks law

Front 11

Stretch-gated channels (SAC) are found in the...

Back 11

heart

Front 12

The activation of stretch-gated channels (SAC) allow...

Back 12

Na+ and Ca+ to flow into the cell

Front 13

The capacity of transporters is much (higher/lower) than the capacity of channels.

Back 13

lower

Front 14

T or F. Transporters (carrier proteins) form a continuous passageway between ECF and ICF.

Back 14

FALSE

Front 15

In facilitated diffusion, __________ are used to move molecules along their concentration gradient and (do/do not) require external energy.

Back 15

-transporters

-do not require external energy

Front 16

The GLUT glucose transporters transport glucose in or out of cells using what kind of transport?

Back 16

facilitated diffusion

Front 17

When you want to move molecules against their concentration gradient, what kinds of transport do you use?

Back 17

active transport (energy required)

Front 18

In primary active transport, the transporters are termed _______________ because they hydrolyze ATP themselves.

Back 18

Transporter ATPases

Front 19

The sodium-potassium pump is a _________________.

Back 19

transporter ATPase

Front 20

T or F. In active transport, molecules can be pumped in both directions.

Back 20

FALSE. Only one conformational change occurs when ATP is hydrolyzed, causing the molecule to move in only one direction.

Front 21

Most of our total body water is found in the intracellular compartment or extracellular compartment?

Back 21

intracellular

Front 22

How many ATP fuel the sodium-potassium pump?

Back 22

Only ONE

Front 23

What kind of transport relies on the energy generated by one molecule moving down its concentration gradient to fuel the transport of another molecule?

Back 23

secondary active transport

Front 24

The sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT) is an example of...

Back 24

secondary active transport

Front 25

What are the 3 characteristics of carrier-mediated transporters?

Back 25

1. specificity
2. competition
3. saturation slows down transport

Front 26

The only cells capable of phagocytosis are....

Back 26

white blood cells (phagocytes)

Front 27

In phagocytosis, _________ is needed to move the _______ of the cell and thus engulf a bacteria or extracellular particle. Once inside the cell, the phagosome is ingested by a _________.

Back 27

-ATP

-cytoskeleton

-lysosome

Front 28

In receptor mediated endocytosis, extracellular molecules to be ingested get concentrated in a __________ or __________ and eventually pinch off into the cell.

Back 28

-clathrin-coated pit

-caveolae (cavelin-coated pit)