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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Unexpected serious occurence that may cause injuries requires immediate medical attention
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emergency
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a critical factor when emergencies occur
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time
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may worsen emergency situation
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mistakes
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in emergency, cardiovascular function is...
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primary concern
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Why should organizations have an emergency plan?
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In order to respond efficeintly and quickly, help eliminate mistakes. It lowers the legal responsiblity if a plan is in effect
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- may be varied depending on loc
- ATC assumes responsibility and acts in assistive manner - communication of policies with yearly review |
Working with emergency care providers
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the four steps in an emergency procedure
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triage, call for help, provide care, stabilize and transport
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What is involved in the Scene Survey (triage)?
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scene safety, PPE, mechanism of injury, stabilizatoin of cervical spine, number of injured, request help
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Primary Survey includes...
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-existence of life threatening diseases
-ABCs A-airway,b-breathing,c-circulation |
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Secondary Survery includes...
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preferred if person in stable condition
-gather specific info on injury -detailed evaluation of injury -assessment of vital signs -heat to toe survey -Medical History (symptoms, allergies, medications) -focused exam -manage injuries -re-assess -referral |
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When is equipment removal necessary?
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when you need to provide CPR or some other treatment.
-must remove facemasks -helmets AND shoulder pads -shoes -jewelry |
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What does CPR stand for?
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Cadiopulminory resussitatoin
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ABC's of CPR?
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a- airway opened
b- breathing restored c- circulation restored |
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before you begin CPR what should you do?
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position athlete supine
*must be on a hard surface* -are they UNCONSCIOUS? |
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how many breaths when trying ot establish breathing?
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2
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In a partial obstruction of air pathway what should you do?
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monitor closely, encourage coughing
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In a complete obstruction of air pathway what should you do?
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when no airflow,
cyanosis or unonsciousness ----- Conscious- standing manual thrust maneuver unconscious- chest compressions, finger sweep |
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What is an Automatic External Defibrillator (AED)?
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evaluates heart rhythms of victims experiencing cardiac arrest.
-can deliver electrical charge to heart -fully automated - min. training needed More effective than CPR |
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what is a hemorrhage?
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abnormal discharge of blood
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how do you stop external hemorage?
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direct pressure
-elevatoin -tourniquet (only if trained) -pressure points Upper & Lower whre needed |
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how do you stop internal hemorrage?
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there's bruise (ecchymosis)
refer to hospital |
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what is are the three different types of hemorrages?
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veinous - dark red, continuous flow
capillary - exudes from tissur and is reddish arterial - flows in spurts and is bright red |
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what happens in Shock?
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-pale moist skin
-weak vital signs -altered lvl of consciousness -restlessness and anxiousness |
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how to manage shock victim?
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maintin core body temp
-elevate feet and legs 8-12 inches above heart |
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Heart attack victim?
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chest or upper extremity
-shortness of breath -sweating, nausea, lightheadedness |
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what happenes in a stroke?
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oxygenated blood not getting to the brain
-sudden numbness in region body -sudden confusion -sudden lack of coordination -sudden severe headache |
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what is core body temp/
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98.6
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amt of heat produced to stay alive?
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basal metabolism
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when metabolism rises to provide energy
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exercise metabolism
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artic ocean, ..
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absoprtion of heat form outer sources
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mechanisms for altering core temp?
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sweat, blood vessel dilation/constrictoin, skeletal muscles (shivering), endocrine glands release hormones to alter metabolism
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what happens when exercise in heat?
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increased heart rate,
increased oxygen consumption, increased sweat rate |
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when heat travels through 2 different temmperature surfaces?
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conduction
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require air movement, heat transferred to surrounding molecules, minimal effect
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convection
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dependent of moisture saturation already present in air and most imp. method of cooling
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evaporation
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heat exchange via electromagnetic waves,
sunlight heat absorption via radiation |
radiation
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time required for acclimatizatoin?
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10-14 days
increase add more salt to diet day 1-5 |
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happens @ dehydratoin 1-2%
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incr. cardiovascular strain
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Dehydration 3-5%
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loss aerobic power
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dehydration >5%
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lose muscle strength
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when to drink?
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preactivity - 16oz prior to activity
during activity - as needed after activity - replenish fluids lost |
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Fluid replacement choices?
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Water is always good,
Sport drinks (6-8% CHO) be wary of CHO% NO caffeine, alcohol, or supplements |
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how to monitor hydration status?
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Sweat rate formula,
Urine color, Urine specific gravity |
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WBGT?
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Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Index
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WBGT function?
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dry bulb - measure dry temp
wet bulb - measure humidity black bulb - measure radiant |
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Sling psychrometer
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swing above head, tells temp, not as accurate as WBGT
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Hyperthermia
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raised core body temp
-preventable -supplement/drug use danger |
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Hypothermia
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decrease in core body temp
3 cases: mild, medium, severe |