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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is epidemiology?
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The study of health events that occur among groups of people ("Upon-The People-Study of"). Not stats
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What questions does epidemiology answer?
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Distribution (When, where, whom) & Determinants (causes or factors that influence distribution)
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What is an epidemic?
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Occurance in the community/region of a group of illnesses of similar nature, clearly in EXCESS of normal expectancy
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What is an endemic?
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Habitual or USUAL presence of disease in a geographic area/pop (baseline)
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What is a pandemic?
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Worldwide epidemic (eg flu in 1918)
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What are the 2 broad categories of epidem?
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1) Descriptive (focus on distribution) 2) Analytic (focus on causation; why)
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What is the underlying assumption of epidem?
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Disease or illness does NOT occur RANDOMLY in a pop
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What is the epidem triad of disease?
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Pyramid of host, agent, & envir w/ the vector in middle
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What are the charactistics of the host?
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age, gender, race, occupation, genetic profile, immune status
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What are the charac of agents?
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biologic, chemical, physical, nutritional
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What are the charac of environment?
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temp, humidity, altitude, crowding, housing, watr, milkm foodm radiation, pollution
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What are the uses of epidem?
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1)ID etiology &risk factors 2)determine extent in community 3)study natural history & prognosis 4) eval existing & preventive therapeutic measures 5)public policy
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What are the levels of prevention?
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1)Primary [alter risk] 2)Secondary [early detect] 3)Tertiary [rehabilitate]
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What are the 2 ways prevention can be admin?
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pop based or high risk based
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What is evidnece based medicine?
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Practice of med is based on pop, diagnosis, prognosis, selection of therapy (randomized trials)
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What are the steps in the epidem approach?
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Observation (& ass), descriptive studies, analytic studies, preventive action
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