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Front 1

Life stress is associated with 2-fold increase in susceptibility to ____________ the above and beyond medical risk factors

Back 1

common cold virus

Front 2

Severe life stress is associated with a 4-fold increase in _______ and 2.6-fold increase in ______ above and beyond medical risk factors.

Back 2

risk of HIV progression; mortality

Front 3

Lazarus:________is the key factor in stress response

Back 3

psychological appraisal

Front 4

________ responses are the natural physiological changes we undergo when feeling threatened.

Back 4

“Fight or flight”

Front 5

_______occurs when there is an excessive release of stress hormones and neurotransmitters

Back 5

Hyper-arousal

Front 6

what is an example of Acute time-limited stressors?

Back 6

lab challenges such as public speaking or mental math

Front 7

what is an example of Brief naturalistic stressors?

Back 7

real-world challenges such as academic tests.

Front 8

what is an example of Stressful event sequences?

Back 8

: a focal event such as loss of a spouse or major natural disaster gives rise to a series of related challenges that people know at some point will end.

Front 9

what is an example of Chronic stressors?

Back 9

pervasive demands that force people to restructure their identity or social roles, without any clear end point – such as injury resulting in permanent disability, caring for a spouse with severe dementia, or being a refugee forced from one’s native country by war.

Front 10

what is an example of Distant stressors?

Back 10

traumatic experiences that occurred in the distant past yet can continue modifying the immune system because of their long-lasting emotional and cognitive consequences, such as child abuse, combat trauma or having been a prisoner of war.

Front 11

what is the SRRS?

Back 11

In 1967, Holmes and Rahe came up with the idea of a ‘social readjustment rating scale’ (or SRRS for short). This was an attempt to quantify life change - any change in your life that might cause stress whether positive or negative.

Scores are calculated for a person’s experiences over the past year. Studies using the scale have found that high life change scores (300+) are related to relatively high frequency of illness, accidents and athletic injuries.

Front 12

Most stress comes from a series of little stressors, or ________, that include irritations and demands that occur in daily life.
Stress reactions to hassles may predict one’s stress toward major life events.
Therefore... ______

Back 12

daily hassles; So we need to ask patient’s about their daily life and the daily hassles that they experience.

Front 13

Personality type A or B is less predictive of health problems than is _______

Back 13

hostility

Front 14

difference between optimism and pessimism with regard to health?

Back 14

Optimism seems to produce good health and even prolong life.
Pessimism is associated with early death.
Optimists take better care of themselves when they get sick, cope better, and draw on social support.
Pessimists often engage in self-destructive behaviors.

Front 15

what is the relationship between feeling in control and health?

Back 15

Feelings of control can reduce or even eliminate the relationship between stressors and health.

Front 16

What is the Locus of Control?

Back 16

A general expectation about whether the results of your actions are under your own control (internal locus) or beyond your control (external locus).

Front 17

Physical disorder: Cardiac Arrhythmia

Name the psych and physiological sx:

Back 17

psych: Anxiety, delirium

physio: Palpitations, fatigue, dizziness, feeling faint

Front 18

Physical disorder: Congestive Heart Failure

Name the psych and physiological sx:

Back 18

psych: Anxiety, panic attacks, insomnia, depression, delirium

physio: Shortness of breath, extreme fatigue, weakness, swelling or coldness in extremities

Front 19

Physical disorder: Hyperthyroidism

Name the psych and physiological sx:

Back 19

psych: Anxiety, mania, emotional lability, irritability, distractibility, hyperacusis

physio: Weight loss, heat intolerance, goiter, increased sweating, frequent bowel movements

Front 20

Physical disorder: Hypothyroidism


Name the psych and physiological sx:

Back 20

psych: Memory problems, lethargy, depression, anhedonia


physio: Weight gain, puffy face, loss of hair, cold intolerance

Front 21

Physical disorder: Lupus

Name the psych and physiological sx:

Back 21

psych: Depression, delirium, dementia, psychosis

physio: Muscle and joint pain, rash, fatigue, fever, loss of appetite

Front 22

Physical disorder: Multiple Sclerosis


Name the psych and physiological sx:

Back 22

Psych: Depression, mania, emotional lability, cognitive impairment

physio: Weakness, visual problems, fatigue, tactile sensations

Front 23

Physical disorder: Pneumonia

Name the psych and physiological sx

Back 23

psych: Delirium, anxiety, panic attacks

physio: Fever, cough, chest pain

Front 24

Physical disorder: Pulmonary Thrombosis


Name the psych and physiological sx

Back 24

psych: Anxiety, delirium


physio: Faintness, shortness of breath, chest, pain, coughing up blood.

Front 25

what is Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): ?

Back 25

GERD is the most common disorder of the esophagus and accounts for most of the OTC antacid consumption.

Front 26

What is Chrons disease?

Back 26

An inflammatory bowel disease affecting primarily the small intestine and the colon. Common symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss.

Front 27

Chron's disease and mental health?

Back 27

A study of psychiatric symptoms in patients with Crohn’s disease found that 23% had a
pre-existing history of panic disorder.

Front 28

The relationship between Type A Behavior, Hostility and CVD?

Back 28

Type A behavior is defined by: being easily aroused to anger, impatient, hostile, competitive, time urgency. Studies have demonstrated that individuals with Type A characteristics are 2X as likely to suffer from CVD or myocardial infarction

Front 29

______ is associated with increased levels of circulating catecholamines and increased lipid concentrations—risk factors for the development of heart disease.

Back 29

Hostility

Front 30

______% of CABG patients will experience a depression symptoms following the surgery.

Back 30

40%

(the severity and duration of these depressive symptoms are highly correlated with slowed recovery and poorer outcomes)

Front 31

Up to 30% of patients with asthma meet criteria for _______ or ________. The fear of not being able to breathe properly may directly trigger asthma attacks.

Back 31

comorbid panic disorder or agoraphobia

Front 32

A typical “prescription” of exercise to combat stress:

Back 32

in most studies is 20-30 minutes of exercise, usually aerobic, 3-4 times weekly

Front 33

psychological and physiological effects of exercise?

Back 33

Physiological effects of exercise are diverse and include improvement in cardiac function and insulin sensitivity

Psychological effects of exercise are potentially robust and include decreases in stress and depression (mean –7 points on the Beck Depression Inventory)

Front 34

Evidence: Benign Headache

Progressive muscle relaxation or EMG biofeedback are typically attempted first for ___________because they focus on muscle tension, whereas autogenic relaxation or thermal biofeedback are typically attempted first for _______ because they focus on vasodilation.

Back 34

tension headache ; migraine headache

Front 35

what is mind-body medicine?

Back 35

Mind-Body Medicine: mind’s capacity to affect health

Front 36

what is complementary medicine?

Back 36

Complementary: used together with conventional medicine

Front 37

what is alternative medicine?

Back 37

Alternative: used in place of conventional medicine

Front 38

what is integrative medicine?

Back 38

Integrative: combines mainstream medicine with evidence-based CAM

Front 39

What kind of therapy am I?

Skills of attentional control taught in mindfulness meditation could be used to prevent relapse to major depressive episodes

Back 39

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)

Front 40

What kind of therapy am I?

“Clients are taught to recognize an observing self…thoughts are not facts and I am not my thoughts”

Back 40

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Front 41

What kind of therapy am I?

founded by Marsha Linehan, Ph.D., for Borderline Personality

Back 41

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)

Front 42

some benefits of mindfulness approach?

Back 42

Decreases stress
Decreases depression and anxiety
Decreases blood pressure and heart rate
Slows or controls chronic diseases
Increases immune functioning
Increases focus, attention and awareness
10 million American meditate regularly

Front 43

Four Principles of Stress Resilience Related to Improved Health Outcomes

Back 43

A sense of personal control

A sense of connectedness

A sense of purpose and meaning

Hope