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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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__ conditioning involves pairing an involuntarily elicited behavior with an unrelated stimulus.
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Classical conditioning.
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__ can occur when the conditioned response loses its strength after conditioning stops.
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Extinction.
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__ __ means that the subject responds to previously neutral stimuli the same way it responds to previously conditioned response.
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Stimulus generalization.
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__ __ means that the subject can distinguish between stimuli that are similar.
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Stimulus discrimination.
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__ conditioning is the modification of voluntary behaviors by adding conditions in the environment.
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Operant conditioning.
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A reinforcer will _ behavior. How do positive and negative reinforcers work differently?
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Reinforcers increase behavior. PR is added following a behavior and will increase it. NR increases of behavior in order to decrease the NR.
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How is negative reinforcement different from punishment?
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Punishment intends to decrease behavior. NR increases behavior.
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Why is it important to combine punishment with reinforcement?
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Without this combination, a new behavior may take place of the old one.
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Define averse conditioning.
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Repeated pairing of undesirable reinforcer with an aversive event
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__ reinforcement is the most rapid way to learn or unlearn a behavior.
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Continuous reinforcement.
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This reinforcement schedule reinforces behavior if it occurs after time interval has occurred and the rate of responding increases gradually throughout the interval until reinforcement.
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Fixed interval.
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This reinforcement schedule shows a moderate steady rate of response; the lengths of reinforcement vary.
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Variable interval.
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Gambling is a form of __ reinforcement.
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Variable ratio.
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__ __ schedule of reinforcement has a steady rate of activity until the reinforcement.
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Fixed ratio schedule.
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Which reinforcement schedule is more resistant to extinction?
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Variable ratio.
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This reinforcement schedule is effective longer and takes longer to extinguish.
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Intermittent.
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This reinforcement schedule persists when transferred into the natural environment.
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Intermittent.
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__ is learning that occurs by identifying the starting behavior, moving forward in small steps until each step is mastered.
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Shaping.
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__ __ breaks a task down into smaller steps that lead to more reinforcement and more success.
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Task analysis.
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__ or __ learning occur due to a generalization from experience with a past problem.
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Cognitive or insight learning.
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__ learning involves observing others without specific information being conveyed. Does not require external reinforcement.
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Social learning.
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Triadic reciprocal determinism is an aspect of __ learning. What three factors does it involve?
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Social learning. Relationship among environmental, personal, and behavioral factors.
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What are the three components necessary for modeling to be effective?
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Attention, memory, and motivation.
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__ learning impacts the acquisition of self-regulation tasks.
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Social learning.
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