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72 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
How many teeth do puppies have? What is the dental formula for them?
2 (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3/3) = 28 teeth
How many teeth do dogs have? What is the dental formula for them?
2 (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M 2/3) = 42 teeth
How many teeth do kittens have? What is their dental formula?
2 (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3/2) = 26
teeth
How many teeth do cats have? What is their dental formula?
Permanent - 2 (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3/2, M1/1) = 30 teeth
Compared to dogs, cats are missing:
a) both upper and lower 1st premolars
b) both upper and lower 2nd molars
c) lower 2nd premolar and 3rd molar
d) a and b
e) a and c
f) a, b, and c
f) a, b, and c
missing upper and lower P1
missing upper and lower M2
missing lower P2 and M3
Which tooth is 307 in the dog? In the cat?
Lower left P3 in both!
Using the tridian numbering system, identify the carnassial teeth in the dog.
108, 208, 309, 409
(Upper P4s and lower M1s)
Using the tridian numbering system, what are the first teeth encountered distal to the upper canines in the cats? First teeth distal to the lower canines in cats?
106/206
307/407
Which teeth have 3 roots in the dogs? The cat?
Upper 8s, 9s, and 10s (dog)
Upper 9s (cat)
T or F:
The periodontal ligament is visible via radiography?
False (kinda)
The ligament is radiolucent, thus you can "see" its absence
Which teeth in dogs have one root? Cats?
Incisors and canines in both
Dogs (PM1 and maybe lower M3)
Cats (Upper PM2, upper M1)
Toward the tongue =
Toward the cheek =
Toward midline =
Away from midline =
Toward the tongue = LINGUAL
Toward the cheek = BUCCAL
Toward midline = MESIAL
Away from midline = DISTAL
T or F:
Canines and incisiors are labial while molars and premolars are buccal.
True!
When should all canine deciduous teeth be in wear? Feline?
10 weeks (puppy)
6 weeks (kitten)
When should all canine permanent teeth be in? Cats?
6-7 months (dogs)
6 mos (cats)
What are some oral anatomical aspects that must be taken into consideration in the dog? Cat?
Infraorbital artery, parotid duct, zygomatic duct (both)
add lingual molar gland in cat
What are the three major positioning techniques for dental radiography?
Parallel (film is parallel to tooth root)
Bisecting angle
Extraoral
What is a radiographic issue in cats? What technique is used in this case?
Zygomatic arch; use extraoral technique
In terms of tooth disease, dogs get _____________ while cats get _____________.
Dogs = periodontal disease
Cats = gingivitis/stomatitis complex and resorptive lesions
What gives in this? What animal?
Dog missing canines!
What etiologies may contribute to feline gingivitis/stomatitis complex?
FeLV/FIV
Lymphoplasmacytic stomatitis
Atopy?
Calici virus
Bartonella?
What is the etiology of feline tooth resorptive disease? What is the pathogenesis?
Nobody really knows...
Pathogenesis involves odontoclast resorption from the outside in
Choose type 1 or type 2 tooth resorption...
...localized gingivitis
Type 2
Choose type 1 or type 2 tooth resorption...
...intact tooth roots
Type 1
Choose type 1 or type 2 tooth resorption...
...gingivitis/stomatitis association.
Type 1
Choose type 1 or type 2 tooth resorption...
...treated with crown removal.
Type 2
Choose type 1 or type 2 tooth resorption...
...often symmetrical.
Type 2
Choose type 1 or type 2 tooth resorption...
...involves root removal.
Type 1
What are some sequellae to incomplete tooth removal?
Draining tracts and lytic bone
Which radiograph (left or right) requires treatment by crown removal? What type of tooth resorption is it?
Left is Type 2; just need to remove crown.
What is the common signalment for periodontal disease?
Small, older (>6yrs) dogs
Choose gingivitis or periodontal dz...
...inflammation of the gingival tissues.
gingivitis...DUH
Choose gingivitis or periodontal dz...
...a visual diagnosis.
gingivitis
Choose gingivitis or periodontal dz...
...a radiographic diagnosis.
periodontal dz
Choose gingivitis or periodontal dz...
...classified by stage.
periodontal dz
Choose gingivitis or periodontal dz...
...classified by index.
gingivitis
How much attachment loss does stage 4 periodontal disease exhibit? Stage 2?
Stage 4 >50%
Stage 2 <25%
T or F:
Stage 1 periodontal disease shows <10% attachment loss and mild gingivitis.
False!
Gingivitis with NO ATTACHMENT LOSS.
How long does it take for plaque to form into calculus?
72 hrs!
What makes dog breath STANKY when they have plaque?
Volatile sulfur compounds
What two antibiotics are good for gingivitis/periodontal disease?
Clindamycin and clavamox
What are the 2 types of pocket formation and bone loss? How are these differentiated radiologically?
Suprabony (horizontal bone loss)
Infrabony (vertical bone loss)
What type of bone loss is featured in A? In B?
A = infrabony (vertical)
B = suprabony (horizontal)
What is the treatment for the following:
a) loss of >50% of tooth attachment
b) 3-5mm pocket
c) 5-7mm pocket
d) loss of <50% of attachment
a) EXTRACT
b) clean and allow to resolve
c) Use Doxyrobe gel
d) clean and allow to heal
What is the index and stage of these teeth?
A - Gingivitis Index 1; Stage 1 periodontal disease
B - GI 2-3; Stage 2
(note - we technically can't do the periodontal stage without radiography)
What is the stage/index of these teeth?
A - Gingivitis Index 3; Stage 4 perio
B - GI 3; Stage 3 perio
(need rads for perio technically)
Name 5 indications for extraction
Persistent deciduous teeth
Crowded supernumerary teeth
Crowded/malpositioned teeth
Tooth crown fracture with pulp exposure
Deep crown-root fractures
Root fracture
>50% bone loss perio dz
infected/abscessed tooth
Severe root exposure or furcation
tooth resorption
advanced caries
What are the major nerve blocks available facilitating dental procedures in the dog and cat?
Mental
Mandibular
Infraorbital
Palatine
Maxillary
Which nerve block(s) could be used when performing a procedure on 205?
Left infraorbital or
Left maxillary
Which nerve block(s) could be used when performing a procedure on 109?
Right maxillary +
Right palatine
Describe the approach to a maxillary block in cats and brachycephalic dogs?
Insert needle at medial canthus of eye just rostral to globe and perpendicular to the last molar.
Where is the infraorbital canal located?
Infraorbital canal is dorsal to distal root of maxillary PM3.
Where is the mental foramen located?
The mandibular foramen?
Mental foramen is ventral to mesial root of 2nd premolar.
Mandibular foramen is btw angle of mandible and 311/411.
Which tooth on the cat do you need to take extra care in sectioning?
Lower M1
How does blood help with extractions?
Hydraulic activity
Collagenase activity
Describe the tools and procedure for developing a gingival flap.
Use scalpel to make vertical releasing incisions past mucogingival jxn
Elevate flap w/periostal elevator
Remove buccal bone to 1/3 of root
What is the goal of extraction repair? What suture is preferred?
Close the hole w/tension free sutures and remove dead space;
Use 5-0 to 4-0 simple interrupted vicryl rapide (maybe monocryl)
Which tooth in dogs has a weird mesial root that must be sectioned with care?
Upper PM4
What are the most common causes for malocclusion? Which is #1 cause?
Genetics (#1 pimp daddy)
Retained deciduous
Fractured deciduous
Missing teeth
Extra teeth
Tight lip (Shar Pei)
Where are retained deciduous incisors usually? Retained deciduous canines?
Incisors on labial aspect
Upper canines behind permanent
Lower canines in front of permanent canines
What is the treatment for retained deciduous teeth?
Extract 'em
What is a good treatment for a dog with canine teeth that are directed medially?
Play with a ball > moves teeth laterally
When should maloccluded teeth be clipped?
NEVER! If deciduous are maloccluded, remove or correct w/orthodontics
Missing teeth is called...
...oligodontia
ID the bite abnormality
NORMAL BITE!
note scissor bite, dental interdigitation
lower canine midway btw upper 3rd incisor and upper canine
ID the bite abnormality
Class 1 malocclusion
Canine growing medially; normal jaw relationship
ID the bite abnormality
Class 1 - anterior crossbite
Reverse scissor
Normal jaw relationship
Class 3 malocclusion is "normal" in which breeds?
Lhasa, Shih Tzu, Pekinese, Bull dogs
(underbite; lower jaw too long)
What is a class 2 malocclusion?
Overbite (maxilla too long or mandible too short)
T or F:
Class 2, 3, and 4 malocclusions are always genetic.
False!
2 and 3 nearly always are; class 4 is usually due to trauma or congenital.
What is a lance canine?
When the canine erupts very mesially
Which breeds are predisposed to supranumary teeth?
Boxers, mastiffs, bostons