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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the parts of the male reproductive system?
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Testes
Excretory genital ducts Accessory glands Penis |
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What are the functions of the male reproductive system?
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Produce and transport spermatozoa
Secretion of fluids Placement of semen into female reproductive tract |
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What do spermatozooa and accessory sex gland fluids comprise?
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Semen
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T or F:
The testes perform both endocrine and exocrine functions. |
True!
Exocrine - spermatozooa Endocrine - testosterone and estrogen |
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What are the endocrine secretions of the testes and what cell type excretes which secretion?
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Testosterone - interstitial (Leydig) cells
Estrogen - sustentacular (Sertoli) cells |
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What are the coverings of the testes?
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Tunica albugenia
Tunica serosa (visceral vaginal tunic) |
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Which cells provide the exocrine function of the testes and where are they located?
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Lining cells of the seminiferous tubules and their ducts
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ID these structures
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A - Ductus deferens
B - Epididymus C - Septum D - Testicular lobules E - Semineferous tubules F - Tunica albugenia |
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ID these structures
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A - Ductus deferens
B - Epididymus C - Septum D - Testicular lobules E - Semineferous tubules F - Tunica albugenia |
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What is this a section through?
ID A - E |
Seminiferous tubule xs
A - Spermatogonia B - Primary Spermatocytes C - Sustentacular Cells D - Early spermatids E - Late spermatids |
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What is the function of Sertoli cells?
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Support for developing sperm
Establish blood/testis barrier Synthesize estrogen |
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How do sustentacular cells maintain the blood/testis barrier? What are the compartments of this barrier?
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Tight junctions (zonules occludens)
Basal and adluminal compartments. |
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T or F:
Sertoli cell tumors are common in dogs unless they are cryptorchid. |
False! Sertoli cell tumors are common in dogs but more common in cryptorchid dogs.
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T or F:
Sertoli cell tumors may cause development of female secondary sex characteristics. |
True! Overproduce estrogen in this case.
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Where are Leydig cells found? What is their histology?
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septal connective tissue
Large round nuclei, distinct nucleolus, foamy appearance |
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What would be a characteristic of a Leydig cell tumor?
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Overproduction of testosterone - more aggression!
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T or F:
Spermatocytogenesis involves the process of spermatagonia into secondary spermocytes. |
False!
Spermatocytogenesis is the mitotic stage of spermatogenesis where spermatogonia (2n) divide into primary spermatocytes (2n). |
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T or F:
Primary spermatocytes (2n) undergo mitosis to directly form spermatids (1n). |
False!
Primary spermatocytes (2n) do undergo meiosis but they first form secondary spermatocytes (1n) and then finish meiosis to form spermatids (1n). |
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What is the transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa called? Where does this occur?
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Spermiogenesis
Seminiferous tubule and epididymus. |
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What is the mitotic phase of spermiogenesis called? Where does it occur?
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Spermatocytogenesis occurs in the seminiferous tubules
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ID these regions of a spermatozoan.
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A - Head
B - Acrosomal cap C - Neck D - Middle Piece of tail E - Principal piece of tail |
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What ducts does a spermatozoan must pass through to reach the vas deferens IN ORDER.
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Seminiferous tubule
Tubulus rectus Rete testis Ductus efferens Ductus epididymidis Ductus deferens |
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T or F:
The epididymis and ductus deferens lack cilia but may have microvilli or stereocilia. |
True!
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What is the primary maturation site of sperm cells? What is the epithelium here?
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Epididymis
Pseudostratefied stereociliated columnar epithelium |
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What is the epithelium of the ductus deferens? At its distal end?
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Pseudostratefied stereociliated columnar epithelium. Simple columnar distally.
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How can you tell the ductus deferens from the epididymis histologically?
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Ductus deferens should be singular and will have a thicker tunica muscularis.
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What is this an image of? How do you know?
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Epididymis
Pseudostratified stereociliated columnar epithelium. No thick tunica muscularis. Many passages indicate coils. |
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Which genital duct is this a cross section of?
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Ductus deferens
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Which region is this a cross section of?
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Seminiferous tubule
Note developing spermatids and atypical "stratefied" epithelium |
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List the possible mammalian accessory sex glands.
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Prostate
Vesicular Ampullary Bulbourethral |
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Which accessory sex gland is absent in carnivores?
Which is present in all domestic species except dogs? |
Vesicular gland
Bulbourethral gland |
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What are the two types of prostate and what species are associated with each?
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Compact - dogs, cats, horses
Disseminate - bulls, boars, small ruminants |
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What are some functions of accessory sex glands?
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Plug vagina
Sperm vehicle Nourish sperm pH modification and cleansing of urethral tract |
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What is this? Sri Lanka? The Big Island of Hawaii? What tissue surrounds this structure? What type of tissue is in the red circles?
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Urethra
Prostate body Prostatic urethra surrounds urethra |
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What type of epithelium does A have?
What is B? What is the function of C? |
A - transitional epithelium
B - duct of prostate gland C - venous sinus for erectile tissue |
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ID these structures in this cross-section through the body of the penis.
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A - Dorsal artery of the penis
B - Septum penis C - Corpus cavernosum penis D - Corpus spongiosum penis (enclosing urethra) E - Tunica albugenia F - Retractor penis m. |
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What structure is this (hint - it's in the corpus cavernosum)?
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Helicine artery
Relaxation of smooth muscle results in dilation and increased blood flow for erection. |
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T or F:
The distal end of the urethra becomes stratefied squameous epithelium before it joins the skin of the glans penis. |
True!
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