Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
If there are more immature neutrophils than normal, what is this called?
|
"shift to the left"
|
|
What is the fancy greek name for white cell?
|
Leukocyte
|
|
What are the two divisions of leukocytes? Give examples of each.
|
Granulocytes (monocytes; dendritic cells)
Lymphocytes (B, T, and NK cells) |
|
What is the major blood leukocyte in carnivores? What %?
|
Neutrophils
60-75% |
|
T or F:
Horses have more neutrophils (% basis) than ruminants. |
True!
Horses have 50% while ruminants have 20-30% |
|
What is found in primary granules?
|
Myeloperoxidase
Cathepsin B Elastase |
|
What is found in secondary granules?
|
Lysozyme
Collagenase lactoferase |
|
What "sticky" proteins line blood vessels to facilitate neutrophil infiltration?
|
Selectins and integrins
|
|
T or F:
Selectins have weak interactions while integrins have strong interactions. |
True!
|
|
What stimulates integrin and selectin expression?
|
IL-1
|
|
What is the process of neutrophil infiltration through the endothelium called?
|
Diapedesis
|
|
What are the four steps of phagocytosis?
|
Chemotaxis (attracting)
Adherence (opsonization; make tastier) Ingestion Digestion |
|
T or F:
The adherence stage of phagocytosis involves chemokines, opsonins, and antibodies. |
False!
It involves opsonins and antibodies but NOT chemokines. This is for chemotaxis. |
|
What are the two types of digestion involved in phagocytosis?
|
Respiratory burst
Lytic enzymes |
|
What are two opsonins discussed in lecture?
|
Antibodies
Complement |
|
T or F:
Antimicrobial peptides are produced during respiratory burst. |
False bitch!
Oxidants do the burstin! |
|
T or F:
Potent oxidants are produced during respiratory burst |
True!
|
|
What is the character of the lytic enzymes produced during the digestion phase of phagocytosis?
|
Antimicrobial peptides.
|
|
T or F:
The respiratory burst pathway requires a ton of O2. |
Yup
|
|
What are the "killer" molecules in the respiratory burst pathway?
|
H2O2 and OCl-
|
|
What two enzymes are necessary to make H2O2 in the respiratory burst pathway? What does each do?
|
NOX (NADPH oxidase) turns O2 into O2-
SOD (superoxide dismutase) converts O2- into H2O2 |