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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acute episodes of bronchoconstriction caused by underlying airway inflammation
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asthma
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albuterol, levabuterol, pirbuterol, metaproterenol
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short acting B 2 receptor agonists
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isoproterenol
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nonselective B agonist
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epinephrine
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B1,B2 and alpha 1 agonist for asthma emergencies
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salmeterol, formoterol
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long acting B2 agonists
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B2 agonist side effects
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skeletal muscle tremor
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methylxanthines MOA
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bronchodilators, possible adensoine antagonist
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methylxanthine pharmacological effects
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move cilia, improve contractility of diaphragm and decrease histamine. cause positive ionotropic effect on heart, vasodilation with cerebral vasoconstriction, alertness and diuresis
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theophylline
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methylxanthine
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methylxanthine uses
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with corticosteroid for acute or chronic asthma
COPD and emphysema apnea in preterm infants |
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methylxanthin adverse effects
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arrythmias, nervousness, vomiting, gastric bleeding
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ipatroprium bromide, atropine, tiotropium
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muscarinic antagonists
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cromolyn, nedocromil sodium
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chromones
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chromones MOA
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inhibit mast cells, suppress neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and inhibit cough reflex
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nedocromil sodium is better than cromolyn for
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exercised induced asthma or cold air asthma attack
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beclomethasone, triamcinolone acetate, budesonide, flunisolide, fluticasone propionate
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glucocorticoids
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glucocorticoids MOA
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inhibit phospholipase A2 and block leukotrienes and prostaglandins and inhibit immune response
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zafirlukast and zileuton
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inhibit leukotrienes
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zafirlukast MOA
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inhibit leukotriene receptor LT1 which reduced bronchoconstriction and inflammatory cell inflitration
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dont take zafirlukast with
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warfarin
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zileuton MOA
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inhibits 5 lipoxygenase in leukotriene synethesis
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prolastin and aralast - class and use
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alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor used for emphysema
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omalizumab MOA
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anti IgE antibody- binds to IgE and blocks IgE binding to mast cells, basophils and other cells with allergic repsonse. injection
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diphenhydramine, brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, loratadine
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H1 anatgonists which help rhinitis
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ipratropium bromide
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Ach antagonist for rhinitis
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pseudophedrine, phenylephrine
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alpha agonists for rhinitis
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drugs for rhinitis
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antihistimine, alpha agonists, inhales corticosteroids, cromolyn and nedocromil
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antitussive opiates
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codeine, hydrocodone, hydromorphone
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opiates side effects
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constipation and respiratory depression, and nausea
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dextromethorphan-
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isomer of opiod, antitussive, less constipating than morphine
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benzonatate
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like procaine and anesthetics. reduces peripheral cough receptors and central cough receptor
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diphenhydramine
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H1 blocker, but decreases central cough center
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expectorants
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guaifenesin- stimulates vagal reflex
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acetylcysteine
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mucolytic- reduced viscosity of mucus by cleaving disulfide bonds
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