Brs Pharm Chapter 2

Front 1

parasympathetics- location and where do they synapse?

Back 1

cranial and sacral and synapse near or on target organ

Front 2

sympathetics originate? synpase?

Back 2

thoraci and lumbar and synpase around spinal cord

Front 3

what are catecholamines

Back 3

NE and Epi

Front 4

what is the rate limiting step in catecholamin synthesis

Back 4

tyrosine hydroxylase( tyrosine to dopa)

Front 5

Ach and M1 and M2 receptors work in what way-

Back 5

Gq- phospholipase C

Front 6

Ach and M2 work in what way?

Back 6

Gi= inhibition of adenylyl cyclase

Front 7

what does M3 do?

Back 7

releases NO for smooth muscle relaxation

Front 8

alpha 1 receptors are pre or post junctional

Back 8

post junctional

Front 9

what do alpha-1 receptors do

Back 9

vasoconstriction, GI relaxation, mydriasis,

Front 10

what do alpha 2 receptors do

Back 10

inhibition of release of NE and EPI, inhibition of insulin release and inhibituon of lipolysis

Front 11

what catecholamines do alpha receptors work with

Back 11

epinephrine=NE>isoproterenol

Front 12

alpha 1 receptors with M1 and M3 work with hat G protein?

Back 12

Gq

Front 13

alpha 2 receptors with M2 work with what receptor

Back 13

Gi

Front 14

Beta 1 receptors do what

Back 14

increased contractility and coduction velocity and renin secretion
react with isoproterenol>EPI= NE

Front 15

B2 receptors do what

Back 15

mediate vasodilaton and intestinal,bronchial, uterine smooth muscle relaxation
react with isoproterenol= epinephrine> norepinephrine

Front 16

B work with what G protein?

Back 16

Gs

Front 17

direct acting muscarinic cholinoreptor agonists act like what?

Back 17

parasympatheticmimetics

Front 18

what do muscarinics do to eyes

Back 18

contract circular smooth muscle of cilliary muscle to decrease intracular pressure and miosis by contracting iris sphincter (tiny pupils)

Front 19

what do muscarinics do for CV system

Back 19

negative ionotropic effect, decreases conduction velocity at AV node, vasodilation and increases NO for relaxation of smooth muscle and perhaps reflex tachycardia

Front 20

pilocarpine, bethanechol, carbechol

Back 20

muscarinics!

Front 21

muscarinics do what to bladder?

Back 21

relax sphnicter and contract ureter and bladder

Front 22

muscarinic on respiratory system=

Back 22

bronchoconstriction

Front 23

bethanecol

Back 23

prevents urinary retension

Front 24

methacholine

Back 24

used for methacholine challlenge for asthma

Front 25

pilocarpine- used for

Back 25

glaucoma, sjogren syndrome

Front 26

contraindcated in astrhma, parkinsons, peptic ulcer, cardiac dz

Back 26

muscarinics

Front 27

edrophonium, neostigmine, physostigmine, echothiophate, isoflurophate

Back 27

indirect acting parasympathomimetics

Front 28

indirecting parasympathomimetics MOA

Back 28

inhibit AchE and increase Ach

Front 29

neostigmine or physostigmine enters CNS?

Back 29

physostigmine

Front 30

what will reverse the AchE inhibitors?

Back 30

pralidoxime (2PAM)

Front 31

AchE inhibitors are used for what diseases?

Back 31

glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, alzheimers, atropin poisoning

Front 32

adverse effects of AchE inhibiters

Back 32

muscle weakness, cramps, fasculations, bronchial secretions, coma, CV collapse, respiratory failure

Front 33

poisoned with organophosphates by the biscuit farmer from quelf...whats the antidote?

Back 33

atropine and pralidoxime (2PAM)

Front 34

atropine, scopolamine, propantheline, trimethaphan, cisatracurium, succinylcholine

Back 34

muscarinic receptor antagonists

Front 35

what do anti muscarinics do to eye, CV, GI, lung?

Back 35

cycloplegia, mydriasis, increased HR, decreased salvation, reduce peristalsis, bronchodilate and anhidrosis

Front 36

muscarinic antagonists treat

Back 36

urinary urgency, parkinsons, asthma, COPD

Front 37

adverse effects of muscarinic blockers-

Back 37

mydriasis, dry eyes, dry mouth, dry skin, temp, delirum- "hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet and mase and a hatter, blind as a bat"

Front 38

the curiums- cisatracurium, mivacurium, doxacurium, pancrurium, vecurium

Back 38

skeletal muscle relaxants nondepolarizing

Front 39

in surgery and you gave too much of a curium- muscle relaxant how can you fix this?

Back 39

neostigmine

Front 40

the only depolarizing skeletal relaxant

Back 40

succinylcholine

Front 41

side effects of succinylcholine

Back 41

hyperkalemia, malignant hyperthermia, bradycardia, increased intraocular pressure

Front 42

tx of malignant hyperthermia

Back 42

dantrolene

Front 43

benzodiazepines MOA

Back 43

GABA

Front 44

epinephrine activates what receptors

Back 44

B1, b2 and alpha 1 receptors

Front 45

NE works at what receptors-

Back 45

B1 and alpha receptors

Front 46

epinephrine decreases total peripheral resistance and diastolic pressure why?

Back 46

Beta 2 receptors!

Front 47

what happens to dopamine at low and high doses?

Back 47

low doses= increased systolic pressure and positive ionotropic
high doses= vasoconstriction and activates alpha receptors and reflex decrease in heart rate

Front 48

dobutamine works at what receptor

Back 48

B1

Front 49

terbutaline, albuterol, metaproterenol, salmeterol, bitolterol, levalbuterol, pirbuterol

Back 49

B2 agonists

Front 50

isoproterenol

Back 50

B agonist and little bit alpha

Front 51

phenylephrine, methoxamine, metaraminol

Back 51

alpha 1 agonist

Front 52

chlonidine, methyldopa, uanabenz, guanfacine

Back 52

alpha 2 agonists

Front 53

what do you use in shock?

Back 53

low doses of dobutamine or dopamine

Front 54

whats used for CHF

Back 54

dobutamine

Front 55

phentolamine, prazosin, labatelol, phenoxybenzamine

Back 55

alpha antagonists

Front 56

alpha blockers used for

Back 56

pheochromocytoma, hypertension, raynads and erectile dysfunction

Front 57

propanolol, metoprolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, atenolol, acebutolol, esmolol,

Back 57

B blockers

Front 58

labetolol and carvedilol

Back 58

alpha and B blockers

Front 59

timolol, levobunolol, nadolol, sotalol,

Back 59

nonselective B anatgonists

Front 60

sotalol use

Back 60

arrythmias

Front 61

pindolol, cartelol, penbutolol

Back 61

non selective antagnosist with partial B2 agonist activity

Front 62

B blocker uses

Back 62

hypertension
MI
atrial andventricular arrythmias
angina
obstructive cardiomyopathy
glaucoma
hyperthyroidism
migarine prophylaxis

Front 63

dont use B blockers in

Back 63

asthmatics, be careful in diabetics and heart failure patients