Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
ABC (ATP-binding cassette)
|
a membrane transport system consisting of three proteins, one of which hydrolyzes ATP. The systems transports specific nutrients into the cell.
|
|
|
Basal Body
|
the "motor" portion of the bacterial flagellum, embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane and wall
|
|
|
capsule
|
a polysaccharide or protein outermost layer, usually rather slimy, present on some bacteria
|
|
|
Chemotaxis
|
directed movement of an organism toward (positive) or away from (negative) a chemical gradient
|
|
|
Cytoplasmic Membrane
|
the permeability barrier of the cell, separating the cytoplasm from the environment
|
|
|
Dipicolinic acid
|
a substance unique to endospores that confers heat resistance on these structures
|
|
|
Endospore
|
a highly heat resistant, thickwalled, differentiated structure produced by certain gram-positive bacteria
|
|
|
Flagellum
|
a long, thin cellular appendage capable of rotation and responsible for swimming motility in prokaryotic cells
|
|
|
Gas Vesicles
|
gas filled cytoplasmic structures bounded by protein and conferring buoyancy on cells
|
|
|
Gram- Negative
|
a bacterial cell with a cell wall containing small amounts of peptidoglycan, and an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide, lipoprotein, and other complex macromolecules
|
|
|
Gram-Positive
|
a bacterial cell whose cell wall consists chiefly of peptidoglycan; it lacks the outer membrane
|
|
|
Gram Stain
|
a differential staining procedure that stains cells either purple or pink
|
|
|
Group Translocation
|
an energy-dependent transport system in whichc the substance transported is chemically modified during the process of being transported by a series of proteins
|
|
|
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
|
a combination of lipid with polysaccharide and protein that forms the major portion of the outer membrane in gram negative bacteria
|
|
|
Magnetosome
|
a particle of magnetite (Fe3O4) enclosed by a nonunit membrane in the cytoplasm of magnetotactic bacteria
|
|
|
Morphology
|
the shape of a cell- rod, coccus, spirillum, and so on
|
|
|
Outer Membrane
|
a phospholipid and polysaccharide containing unit membrane that lies external to the peptidoglycan layer in cells of gram negative bacteria
|
|
|
Peptidoglycan
|
a polysacchride composed of alternating repeats of N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid arranged in adjacent layers and cross-linked by short peptides
|
|
|
Periplasm
|
a gel like region between the outer surface of the cytoplamic mebrane and the inner surface of the lipopolysacchride layer of gram negative bacteria
|
|
|
Peritrichous Flagellation
|
having flagella located in many places around the suface of the cell
|
|
|
Phototaxis
|
movement of an organism toward light
|
|
|
Pili
|
thin, filamentous structures that extend from the surface of a cell and, depending on type, facilitate cell attachment, genetic exchange, or twitching motilityq
|
|
|
Polar Flagellation
|
having flagella emanating from one or both poles of the cell
|
|
|
Poly-Beta Hydoxybutyrate (PHB)
|
a common storage material of prokayotic cells consisting of a polymer of B-hydroxybutyrate or another B-alkanoic acid or mixtures of B-alkanoic acids
|
|
|
S-layer
|
an outer most cell surface layer composed of protein or glycoprotein present on some Bacteria and Archaea
|
|
|
Simple Transport System
|
a transport that consists of only a membrane-spanning protein and is typically driven by energy from the proton motive force
|
|
|
Teichoic Acid
|
a phosphorylated polyalcohol found in the cell wall of some gram-positive Bacteria
|
|
|
Simple Transporters; phosphotransferase systems; ABC systems
|
At least three types of transporters are known ____,_____ , and ________
|
|
|
Pseudomurein; polysaccharides; S-layer
|
cell walls of Archaea can be several types:
|
|
|
Magnetotaxis
|
Prokaryotic cells can contain inclusions of sulfur, polyphosphate, carbon polymers, or magnetosomes. These substances function as storage materials or in ____
|
