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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was Shakespeare's primary method of compression?
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Simile and metaphore
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What was Johnson's primary method of compression?
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Syntactical compression
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What where the poetic effects of the "compression method"?
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- syntax
- diction - rehtorical devices - allusion (THE FIRST 3= NEOCLASSIC) |
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Define Epigram
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A concise, witty, and often paradoxical remark or saying; or, a short poem, often expressing a single idea, that is usually satirical and has a witty ending.
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What are the 3 different types of Epigrams. Explain each.
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1. General. "Toothed" Satire = typicall expectation of Epigram
2. Epitaph. Simular to what one might find on a tombstone. Social in it's function 3. Epigraph. The "dedication" in the front of a book, or the sort of thing an author would write with her autograph...formal (print) or informal(ms) preference to something. Social in it's function. |
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Johnson's Epigram is typically what?
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Toothless. This was uncommon.
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What are different "tests" for literary criticism?
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- Comprehensiveness
- Durrability |
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What was Johnson's literary theory?
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Neoclassic. Johnson had a huge regard for the literature of the Greek and Romans
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T or F. In Johnson's opinion Shakespeare wasn't as good as the literature of the Greek and Romans
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F
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T or F. Johnson views himself as better than Shakespeare. Why?
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Because he was more neoclassic. In Johnson's view, Shakespeare didn't exercise enough judgement (carelessness)
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In Johnson's opinion, a writer must have what 2 things, controlled by what?
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- Wit
- Fancy (imagination) Both controlled by judgement. |
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Who authored "inviting a friend to supper"?
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Johnson
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What's the genre of "inviting a Friend to supper"?
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Verse Epistle (or verse letter)
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Who authored "To Pensthurst"
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Johnson
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What's the genre of "To Pensthurst"?
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Eulogy. A poem of Praise.
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Who authored "To Celia"?
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Johnson.
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What's the genre of "To Celia"?
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Song
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What literary genres did Johnson exhibit?
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- Verse epistle (verse letter)
- Eulogy - Song - Masque - Ode - Literary Criticism |
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Explain the genre of the Masque- ( 3 things.)
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- Elaborate entertainment for the upper-class
- The text is the least important to people - It mingled the audience with the performers |
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T or F. The genre Ode goes back to the greeks.
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T
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How did Johnson exhibit neoclassic traits?
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- The genres that he chooses/ignores
- His comedy's/Tragedies reflect neoclassicism - His attitudes towards others (and his own ) literary work - Published his own works - (unusual) |
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Who authored "Devotions upon Emergent Occasions"?
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John Donne
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What's the content of "Devotions upon Emergent Occasions"?
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The Phychology of illness.
1. Increased awareness 2. Meditation 3. Expostulation (questioning) 4. Prayer w/ acceptance/trust |
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Who authored "Analogy with Stage"?
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John Donne
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What's the genre of 'Analogy with Stage"?
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It's similar to a soliloquy
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T or F. Donne's Sermon's were very popular.
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T
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Why were John Donne's sermon's popular?
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- The substance of his teaching
- His rhetoric - Delivery |
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Donne's Sermon's had 2 audiances. (Each one parallel to what?
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1. Live. II song
2. Readership. II drama |
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Specifically, what kind of Songs did Donne author?
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Literary Songs
w/ the idea that no woman can be chaste and beautiful. |
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Identify "Literary Songs"
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- Not meant to be read
- Technique used by Donne |
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What literary genres did Donne exhibit?
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- Devotional Works
- Sermons - Songs - Epigram -Descriptive-reflective - Elegy - Ode - Satire - Sonnet |
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Identify the genre satire.
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- always general
- to dangerous to be specific - medieval traditions and character - Sets the author + reader vs. the subject- butt of the joke |
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Who are the most significant Satirists?
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Donne, Marson (who depended on ridicule), Hall
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Johnson's comedy of humors exhibits what genre?
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satire
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Who were the ancient moles for the genre satire
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Horace and Juvenal
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The genre of the Sonnet lasted until when?
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Milton
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What was the rare survivor of the non-classic forms?
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The sonnet
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The Sonnet was often used for what kind of poetry?
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Poetry about love, particularly courtly love tradition
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What were the typical themes of Donne's Sonnets?
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- Love as religion
- Religion as love (eros) |
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Identify metaphysical "conceit"
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- Poetic device, angle
- "Conceit" = concept - Philosophical speculations - wittingly surprising comparison - unexpectedly elaborated - tending to paradox - mystery religions - earthquake: ominous - Trepidation of the spheres: innocent/"harmless" (pardox) - sepration: Physical lovers love = destroying. Spiritual love- mind "innocent" gold to air. |
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What are the critical fortunes of Donne's work?
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Doesn't "come back" until 20th century
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Who authored "Salve Deus Rex Judaerum"?
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Aemilia Lanyer
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Who authored "The Description of Cooke-Ham"?
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Aemilia Lanyer
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Who authored "Country-House"?
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Aemilia Lanyer
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What's the content of "Country-house"?
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- Poem
- Focuses on Lanyer's personal with Margery and Ann |
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Who authored "The Countess on Montgomery's Urania"?
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Mary, lady Wroth
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What's the genre of "The Countess of Montgomery's Urania"?
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Romance
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What is the content of "The Countess of Montgomery's Urania"?
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- Similar to Sidney's Arcadia
- More original than Sidney |
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Who authored the "Pamphilia to Amphilanthus"
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Mary, Lady Wroth
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What's the genre of "Pamphilia to Amphilanthus"?
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Sonnet Sequence
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In addition to being an author, Johnson was what?
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- Actor
- Sometime Catholic - Sometime Solider - Friend of Shakespeare |
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Who authored Volpone?
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Johnson
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T or F, until the Renaissance/neocassic fall plays have only native influences.
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T
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T or F. Johnson's Volpone contains only native influences.
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F. It contains both native and classical influences.
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What's the main vice of Volpone?
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Greed, Self-centeredness, Pride
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How does "Volpone" demonstrate native and classical influences?
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Native: not obvious in text
Classical: language, poetic verse, characters, genre (comedy/tragedy), conventions and plot |
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How does Volpone represent comedy as a holiday?
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- Fictional literary stage version of Holiday
- Release from work - Release from social responsibilities - Release from moral duty |
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"Volpone" has what different facets of comedy
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- Comedy as Holiday
- Comedy as Satire - Comic Plot - Comic Characters - Comedy of humors |
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T or F. Shakespeare was a great proficient of satire in his .
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F. He didn't really use Satire
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What are the three different elements of Realism in a work (unity of...)
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1. Time (one day)
2 Place (One general local) 3. Action (One enterprise) |
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Identify "Comedy of Humors"
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Combined comic stereotypes with Renaissance psychosomatic psychology
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Who authored "Everyman and his humor"?
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Johnson
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What's the content of "Everyman and his humor'?
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Humor psychology. The Psychology of people on a one-track mind.
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According to Johnson, what are the different meanings of humor?
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1. Any of the 4 bodily fluids: Blood (Sanguine), Phlegm (Phlegmatic), Yellow bile (Choleric/angry), Black Bile (Melancholic)
2. Whim (not a favorite of Johnson's) 3. Obsession (analogous to the Sanguine or the Melancholic temperament) |
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What does Volpone translate to?
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The Fox
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What does Voltore translate to?
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The Volutue
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What does Corbcio translate to?
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The crow
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What does Corvino translate to?
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The Raven
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What does Mosca translate to?
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The Fly
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In Johnson's Volpone what characters are activity/state symbols?
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Peregrine, Castrone, Sir Politic Would-be
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What does Celia translate?
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Heavenly
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What is the mode of "Volpone"?
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Iambic Pentameter- blank verse
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Identify laughter in Comedy
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- Not from emotion but from intellectual reason/scorn
- Then: laughter is scornful and contemptious - "laughter of satire" - "laughter of wit" (can be satirical, but doesn't have to be) - "harmless wit" can make us laugh wo negative effects - "Of farce" (exaggeration of language, characters, of action-possible but improbable) |
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What was the intended audience of "Volpone"?
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- Playwrights written for performance and to be read
- written for a reading audience |
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When did Webster live?
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Unknown
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Herick was part of what group?
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Cavalier poets
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What metaphysical poet was the first English poet to write in an animal perspective?
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Herbet
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T or F Webster viewed his plays as literature.
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T. To him, the are stage and literature
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Did Webster exhibit neoclassic traits? Explain.
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Somewhat- but he only observed the unity of action (no unity of time or place)
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In addition to Neoclassicism, Webster was influenced by what else?
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- Seneca Influence
- Medieval Element - Renaissance Tragedy |
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Identify "Senecan Influence"
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- Sententiousness- full of one-liners
- Revenge Tragedy |
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In the Duchess of Malfi, the Duchess functions as what?
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- she's noble in how she faces death: a foil to the other characters
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In "The Duchess of Malfi", what 2 characters are foils to each-other?
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Ferdinand and Cardinal
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What's the overall effect of Webster's "Duchess of Malfi"?
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- Visceral excitement without meaning or cause.
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Identify "Tragicomedy"
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-Doesn't qualify as either one
- Brings people near death - Happy ending after a whole lot of Comedy - Think:"Drama", "Mello-drama" - Native tradition influence = Romatic (but not chivalric romance) - Very popular |
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What author is associated with political philosophy?
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Hobbes
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Who authored "The tragedy of Mariam"?
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Carry
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Describe the character Mariam from "The tragedy of Mariam"
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- emotionally independent
- Irrationally thinks that her husbands intenseness comes out of his love for her - co-dependent - Can't live with him, can't live without him - eventually she acts independently - Like the duchess, dies because she resist |
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Identify Serloni
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Character from "The Tragedy of Mariam'. Foil to Miriam
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What's the genre of "The tragedy of Mariam"?
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- Closet Drama
- Literary play |
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Identify Literary Play
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- Looks like a play, but not meant to be performed (same idea: "literary song")
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What's the mode of "The Tragedy of Mariam"?
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Uses Metaphor and Symbol, Elaborated double metaphor
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What influences does "The Tragedy of Mariam" exhibit?
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Senecan
Neoclassicism |
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What Retorical Tropes does "The Tragedy of Mariam" exhibit?
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- Parallelism
- Antithesis - Balanced - Ellipsis (Omission) - Schiasmus |
