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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Proventil
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Albuterol
CLASS: Sympathomimetic Agonist (Selective B2 adrenergic receptors) MOA: Bronchodilation INDIC: Asthma; Bronchospasm; COPD; Hyperkalemia CONTRA: Caution to elderley, CVD, HTN SIDE EFFECTS: Palpatations, anxiety, dizziness, headache, nervousness, tremor, hypertension, arrhythmias, chest pain, nausea/vomiting DOSE: 2.5mg / 3ml normal saline nebulized (repeat as necessary) |
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Atropine
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CLASS: Anticholinergic
MOA: Parasympatholytic, causes bronchodilation, drying of respiratory secretions, blocks acetylcholine receptors thus inhibiting parasympathetic stimulation. INDIC: Symptomatic Bradycardia, organophosphate poisoning, nerve agent CONTRA: Known Hypersensitivity SIDE EFFECTS: Palpitations, anxiety, dizziness, headache, nervousness, rash, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, tachycardia DOSAGES: Adult- Symptomatic Bradycardia: 0.5mg IV, IO, ET. Max Dose- 3mg or 0.04mg/kg. Adult Organophosphate Poisioning: 2mg every 5 minutes until symptoms dissipate. Pediatric: 0.02mg/kg 1.0mg max |
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D50 (Dextrose 50%)
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50% Dextrose in Water
CLASS: Carbohydrate MOA: Elevates blood glucose levels rapidly INDIC: Hypoglycemia, BGL< 60 CONTRA: IV with signs of infiltration SIDE EFFECTS: Local venous irritation, necrosis if given through an infiltrated IV DOSAGES: Adult: 12.5 gm Pediatrics: D25 0.5-1ml/kg (may be premixed or eject out 25ml and draw 25ml of NS) |
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Aspirin (ASA)
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Aspirin
CLASS: Platelet inhibitor and anti-inflammatory INDIC: New chest pain suggestive of acute myocardial infarction. Signs and symptoms suggestive or a recent stroke (CVA) CONTRA: Patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug. SIDE EFFECTS: Heartburn, nausea, wheezing DOSE: 324mg by mouth (primarily by four 81mg chewable tablets) |
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Flumanzenil (EMS Capt)
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Romazicon
CLASS: Benzodiazepine antagonist MOA: Reverse the effects of benzodiazepines INDIC: To reverse central nervous system respiratory depression associated with benzodiazepines CONTRA: Do not administer as a diagnostic agent for Benzo OD; hypersensitivity. DO NOT ADMIN WITH MIXED OD OR IF PT HAS TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT SIDE: Fatigue, Headache, Nervousness, Dizziness DOSE: 0.2mg IV Q 1min. Max dose 1mg |
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Zofran
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Ondansetron
CLASS: Anti-emetic MOA: Selective blocking agent of serotonin 5-HT3 receptor type. INDIC: Nausea/Vomiting CONTRA: Hypersensitivity SIDE: Diarrhea, headache DOSE: 4mg IV (Adult) 0.2mg/kg IV (Pediatric) |
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Amiodarone
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Coradarone
CLASS: Antidysrhthymic Group III MOA: Prolongs action potential and refractory period, slows sinus rate, increases PR and QT interval, decreases PVR INDIC: V-Fib, V-Tach, (Primary success is with wide complex tachycardias with pulse) CONTRA: Severe sinus node dysfunction, sinus bradycardia, high degree AV blocks SIDE: Hypotension, nausea, anorexia, malaise, tremors, ventricular ectopic beats DOSE: Adult V-Fib/V-Tach w/o Pulse: 300mg followed by 150mg. Wide Complex Tachycardia: Drip- 150mg over 10 minutes. (Pediatrics) 5mg/kg |
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Lasix
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Furosemide
CLASS: Potent Diuretic MOA: Inhibits reabsorption of sodium chloride, promotes prompt dieresis, vasodilation (very small amount) potassium wasting INDIC: CHF, Pulmonary Edema CONTRA: Pregnancy, dehydration SIDE: If kidneys are working; Electrolyte depletion. If kidneys are not working; little to no use. DOSAGE: IV IO Slowly 1 mg/kg (max 2mg/kg) |
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Lidocaine
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Xylocaine
CLASS: Antidysrhthymic MOA: Suppresses ventricular ectopy, increases ventricular fib threshold, reduces velocity of electrical impulse. INDIC: V-fib, V-Tach, Malignant PVC’s, Pretreatment for intubation in head injury (use if PT allergic to Amiodarone) CONTRA: High degree heart blocks, PVC’s in conjunction with bradycardia SIDE EFFECTS: Anxiety, drowsiness, confusion, convulsions, widening QRS DOSE: Adult: Bolus 1.5mg/kg may repeat 0.75 mg/kg Q 5 mins (MAX 3mg/kg) Drip Rate: 4:1 concentration 1-4mg/min (Administer after ROSC) Pediatric: 1mg/kg |
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Cardizem
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Diltiazem
CLASS: Calcium Channel Blocker MOA: Slows conduction through the atrioventricular node; Causes vasodilation; Decreases rate of ventricular response; Decreases myocardial oxygen demand. INDIC: To control rapid ventricular rates associated with atrial fibrillation and flutter; Angina pectoris CONTRA: Hypotension; wide complex tachycardia; Conduction system disturbances. Should not be used in patients receiving IV beta blockers or with severe hypotension. SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea and vomiting; hypotension; Dizziness DOSAGE: Adult: 20mg IV over 2 minutes (titrate until heart rate is controlled) |
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Adenosine
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Adenocard
CLASS: Antidysrhthmyic MOA: Slows atrioventricular conduction INDIC: Symptomatic SVT CONTRA: Second or third degree heart block; sick sinus syndrome; known hypersensitivity to the drug. SIDE EFFECTS: Facial Flushing; Headache; Shortness of Breath; Dizziness; Nausea. DOSAGE: 1st dose 6mg RIVP (over 1-3 seconds), if no change after 1 minute- 2nd dose 12mg RIVP |
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Dopamine
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Intropin
CLASS: Sympathomimetic MOA: Increases Cardiac contractility; Causes peripheral vasoconstriction INDIC: Hemodynamically significant hypotension (systolic < 90mmHg) not resulting from hypovolemia; cardiogenic shock. CONTRA: Hypovolemia in which pre-load has not been restored. SIDE EFFECTS: Ventricular tachydysrhtymias; Hypertension; Palpitations DOSAGE: 5 mcg/kg/min stimulates beta adrenergic receptors (causing enhanced contractility, increased cardiac output, rise in BP) 20 mcg/kg/min MAX stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors (causing peripheral and venous constriction) |
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Solu-Medrol
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Methylprednisolone
CLASS: Corticosteroid MOA: Anti-inflammatory; suppresses immune response, especially in allergic reactions INDIC: Severe anaphylaxis, Asthma, COPD CONTRA: none in the emergency setting SIDE EFFECTS: GI bleeding; prolonged wound healing; suppression of natural steroids DOSAGE: 125mg IV (Adult) Pediatrics: 1-2mg/kg |
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Epinephrine
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Adrenalin
CLASS: Sympathetic Agonist/ Sympathomimetic MOA: Acts on the alpha and beta adrenergic receptors. Much more beta effects than alpha. Bronchodialation; Increases heart rate, cardiac contractile force, systemic vascular resistance, and increase BP INDIC: Bronchial Asthma; anaphylaxis; Cardiac Arrest CONTRA: Caution in patients with known cardiovascular disease; None in life threatening situations SIDE: Palpitations, anxiety, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, possible myocardial ischemia DOSE: Adult Allergic Rxs. / Resp. Distress: 0.3mg IM 1:1000. Severe Anaphylaxis: 0.3-0.5 mg (3-5mL) slow IV 1:10,000 Cardiac Arrest: 1mg IV 1:10,000 Pediatric Anaphylaxis: 0.01mg/kg IM 1:1000 Max 0.3mg Pediatric Cardiac Arrest: 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO |
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Benadryl
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Diphenhydramine
CLASS: Antihistamine, H1 Histamine MOA: Blocks histamine receptors, has some sedative effects. INDIC: Anaphylaxis, Allergic Reactions, Dystonic Reactions due to phenothiazines CONTRA: Asthma; Nursing Mothers, Hypotension SIDE: Sedation; dries bronchial secretions; blurred vision; headache; palpitations. DOSE: Adult: 50 mg IM or SLOW IV Pediatric 1.5 mg/kg mg IM or SLOW IV (max 50mg) |
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Nitroglycerin
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CLASS: Anti-anginal
MOA: Smooth muscle relaxant, reduces cardiac work, dilates coronary arteries, dilates systemic arteries INDIC: Angina; Chest pain associated with MI, CHF CONTRA: BP< 90 mm/Hg, Children under 12 years of age, Viagra/Levitra within 24 hours, Cialis within 48 hours. DO NOT USE with right side MI involvement (+ V4R). SIDE: Headache, hypotension, syncope, tachycardia, flushing. DOSE: Nitro Tab: 0.4mg = 1 tab every 3-5 minutes Nitro Spray: 0.4mg = 1 spray every 3-5 minutes Nitro Paste: 1inch transdermal = 15mg |
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Glucagon
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CLASS: Hormone (anti-hypoglycemic agent)
MOA: Breakdown of glycogen to glucose (liver), inhibits glycogen synthesis; Elevates blood glucose level, increase heart rate. INDIC: Hypoglycemia, beta-blocker overdose, Severe allergic reaction if PT is on beta blockers. CONTRA: Hypersensitivity to the drug SIDE: Few in emergency situation DOSE: Adult: 2 mg IV |
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Atrovent
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Ipratropium
CLASS: Anticholinergic/ Bronchodilator MOA: Dries respiratory tract secretions INDIC: Bronchial Asthma, Reversible bronchospasm associated with COPD CONTRA: Hypersensitivity to the drug, glaucoma, allergy to soy products or peanuts. SIDE: Palpitations, dizziness, anxiety, headache, nervousness DOSAGE: 500mcg/ 2.5mL 0.9% NaCL placed in nebulizer with beta agonist (Albuterol) (Safety in children has not been established) |
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Mag Sulfate
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CLASS: Mineral / Electrolyte
MOA: Magnesium is a physiological Ca Channel blocker as well as a smooth muscle relaxant. INDIC: OB: Eclampsia Cardiovascular: Severe refractory V-fib or Pulseless V-Tach; post-myocardia infarction as prophylaxis for dysrhthmias, and torsade de pointes (multifocal V-Tach Respiratory: Severe bronchoconstriction CONTRA: High degree AV blocks, dialysis patients (hypermagnesemia). SIDE: Flushing; sweating; bradycardia; decreased deep tendon reflexes, drowsiness, RESPIRATORY & CNS DEPRESSION, HYPOTENSION, hypothermia, itching. DOSAGE: Eclampsia: 4gm over 10min V-Fib/V-Tach (Torsades): 2gm IV/IO Push Severe Bronchoconstriction: 2gm in 100ml D5W over 10min (pump 600ml/hr) |
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Calcium Chloride
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CLASS: Electrolyte
MOA: Increases cardiac contractility INDIC: Acute hyperkalemia (elevated KI level); Acute Hypocalcemia (decreased Ca) level; Ca Channel blocker OD; Abdominal muscle spasm associated with spider bites and Portuguese Man of War stings; antidote for Mag Sulfate. CONTRA: Patients on digitalis SIDE: Dysrhthymias (bradycardia and asystole) **PRECIPITATES w/ SODIUM BICARB** DOSE: Adult: 1gm IV Pediatric: 20 mg/kg IV |
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Narcan
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Naloxone
CLASS: Narcotic Antagonist MOA: Reverses effects of Narcotics INDIC: Narcotic overdoses with respiratory depression (opiates: morphine, dilauded, fentanyl, Demerol, heroin, percodan, methadone) CONTRA: Hypersensitivity to the drug SIDE: Rare DOSE: Adult: 0.4-2.0 mg IV or IN titrate to effect (IM:1 ml per nare) 2 mg IM Pediatric: 0.1mg/kg IV,ET,IM,IN (Max 2.0 mg) |
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Succinylcholine (EMS Capt)
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Anectine
CLASS: Neuromuscular blocking agent (depolarizing)/ Paralytic MOA: Skeletal muscle relaxants; paralytic INDIC: To paralyze a pt for RSI to achieve intubation CONTRA: Hypersensitivity to the drug, burns in the first 24 hrs, open globe injuries, hyperkalemia, rhabdomyolisis, crush injury PRECAUTION: Not to be adminstered unless skilled personnel are present SIDE: Hypotension; Bradycardia, apnea, malignant hyperthermia, DOSE:1.5mg/kg in an adult IV Pediatric: 2mg/kg IV |
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Vecuronium (EMS Capt)
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Norcuron
CLASS: Paralytic (non-depolarizing) MOA: Skeletal muscle relaxant including respiratory INDIC: Paralysis to achieve RSI for intubation CONTRA: Known hypersensitivity PRECAUTION: Should not be administered unless skilled personnel are present SIDE: Prolonged paralysis; hypotension; bradycardia DOSE: (adult) 0.1mg/kg IV Pediatric: 0.1mg/kg IV |
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Etomidate
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Amidate
CLASS: Sedative/Hypnotic MOA: Creates ultra short acting sed/hypnotic effect INDIC: Induction agent for RSI; Sedative for other sedating measures (pacing/ cardioversion). CONTRA: Known hypersensitivity SIDE: Myoclonic skeletal muscle movement; laryngospasm DOSE: 0.1 mg/kg for sedation (repeat as needed) 0.3mg/kg IV for RSI Pediatrics over 10: Same as adult Not indicated in pt under 10 years old. |
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Sodium Bicarb
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CLASS: Alkalinizing agent
MOA: Combines with excessive acids to form a weak volatile acid, increases pH INDIC: Late management of cardiac arrest, tricyclic antidepressant OD, First line for cardiac arrest due to hyperkalemia (dialysis pt), crush injury CONTRA: Alkalotic states SIDE: Alkalosis DOSE: 1 mEq/kg IV |
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Morphine
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CLASS: Narcotic, Opioid, Analgesic
MOA: Central nervous system depressant, peripheral vasodilation, decreases sensitivity to pain (causes dilatation through histamine release) INDIC: Severe pain, Pulmonary Edema, MI chest pain CONTRA: Head injury, volume depletion, undiagnosed abdominal pain, hypersensitivity SIDE: Dizziness, altered LOC DOSE: (Adult) 2.5 mg; repeat 2.5mg q 3-5 mins; max 10mg or until relief of symptoms (burns require much more) BP > 90mm/HG (Pediatric) 0.1 mg/kg max 5mg |
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Fentanyl
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Sublimaze
CLASS: Narcotic analgesic MOA: Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, altering the response and perception of pain INDIC: Narcotic pain relief, anti-anxiety CONTRA: known hypersensitivity and BP<110 systolic SIDE: Lower LOC, Low BP, N&V, bradycardia, apnea. DOSE: (Adult) 50-75 mcg IM, IV, IO; Subsequent dose of 25 mcg q20-30 minutes to max of 200 mcg (Pediatric) 1mcg/kg |
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Glucose Gel
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Dextrose
CLASS: Nutritive Agent MOA: Provides source of water and carbohydrate. INDIC: Hypoglycemia BGL < 60 mg/dL CONTRA: known hypersensitivity SIDE: Cerebral hemorrhage/ ischemia, pulmonary edema DOSE: (Adult) Oral Gel 15 gm PO |
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Tetracaine
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CLASS: Eye Anesthetic
MOA: Causes numbness or loss of feeling to eye INDIC: measuring of eye pressure, removal of foreign objects, sutures in eye, & certain eye exams CONTRA: known hypersensitivity SIDE EFFECTS: stinging, ocular irritation, redness, contact dermatitis DOSE: (Adult) 1-2 drops to eye (doses 5-10 minutes apart). Peds consult DR. |
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Midazolam
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Versed
CLASS: Benzodiazepine MOA: Short acting Benzodiazepine CNS depressant INDIC: Sedation, dystonic reaction, stimulant overdose, agitated delirium, elcectro-muscular disruption device, malignant hyperthermia, chemical restraint CONTRA: Acute narrow angle glaucoma, shock, Low BP SIDE: Respiratory depression, low BP, low heart rate, H/A, N&V MAY REVERSE WITH FLUMAZENIL (ROMAZICON) DOSE: 2.0-5.0 mg slow IV, IN, or IM. Repeat as needed. |
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Labetalol
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CLASS: Antihypertensive, Alpha/ Beta-Adrenergic Blocker
MOA: Vasodialation, Lowers BP, Adrenergic receptor blocking agent that blocks beta-adrenergic receptors and alpha-1 adrenergic receptors selectively. INDIC: Hypertensive Crisis CONTRA: Bronchial Asthma, CHF, heart block, bradycardia, cardiogenic shock SIDE: Hypotension, nausea, dizziness, sweating. DOSE: Severe HTN- 10-20 mg IV over 1-2 minutes. May repeat or double dose q 10 minutes until a total of 150-300 mg. DRIP: Mix 200 mg (40ml) in 160 ml of D5W for Conc. 1 mg/ml. Start at 2mg/min. |
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Cyanokit 5G (HM6)
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Hydroxocobalamin
CLASS: Cyanide Antidote, Vitamin B MOA: Bonds to cyanide ion to form cyanocobalamin which is excreted renally. INDIC: Cyanide poisoning, cobalamin deficiency CONTRA: not determined SIDE: Increased BP, rash, nausea, H/A, Red urine color DOSE: (Adult) 5 g IV over 15 min. (Peds) 70 mg/kg over 15 min. **Add 100ml of 0.9% NaCL to each vial** |