Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What type of immunity does breast milk provide for the baby? |
Naturally acquired passive immunity |
|
|
What two hormones are involved in breast milk production? |
Prolactin and oxytocin |
|
|
What does prolactin do? |
Stimulates lactogenesis (making of milk) |
|
|
What does oxytocin do? |
- contraction of the myoepithelial cells lining the breast lobules causing ejection of milk from the nipples - causes “after pains”/cramps during breastfeeding (contraction of the uterus) - speeds up involution of the uterus |
|
|
What causes women to produce milk when another baby is crying? |
Let down reflex |
|
|
Explain the let down reflex. |
1) mechanoreceptors detect suckling on nipple 2) sends message to the brain via ascending pathways 3) hypothalamus stimulates posterior pituitary to release oxytocin 4) oxytocin turns off the prolactin inhibitory fell causing increased secretion of prolactin 5) increased breast milk |
|
|
What are the benefits of breastfeeding for mum? |
- return of pre-pregnancy weight - speeds up involution of uterus (by causing contraction of uterus) - protects iron status by decreasing risk of postpartum haemorrhage - 98% contraceptive effect in the first 6 months (only if baby is fed on demand and mum doesn’t resume period) - decreases risk of pre-menopausal breast cancer - decreases risk of ovarian cancer, osteoporosis and fractures |
|
|
How does breastfeeding decrease risk of pre-menopausal breast cancer? |
Makes breast cells resistant to cancer mutations |
|
|
What are the benefits of breastfeeding for the baby? |
- Optimum nutrition (meets all of baby’s nutritional requirement for first 6 months of life) - improves physical and emotional development - decreases incidence and severity of infections - decreases mortality (SUDI) and hospitalisation - decreases risk of chronic disease (asthma, eczema, diabetes, allergies) |
|
|
Breastfeeding should be.... |
Cue-based/baby-led |
|
|
It is recommended that baby’s are exclusively breast fed until... |
6 months of age then continue to breast feed along with complementary foods up until 1 year of age |
|
|
What hormone is let down reflex stimulates by? |
Prolactin! |
|
|
What is colostrum? |
“The first breast milk” Released for first 2-3 days after birth Rich in fat, Vitamin A, protein, minerals, and IgA antibodies from mum |
|
|
What is the best indication that baby is hydrated? |
6-8 wet nappies a day |
|
|
What is the meconium? |
- Baby’s first bowel motion - Thick, sticky, dark green/black stool - should be passed within first 48 hours - aids in excretion of excess bilirubin which decreases risk of jaundice |
|
|
By what time should you help a mother initiate breast feeding after birth? |
Within first 30 minutes post birth |
|
|
What is normal when first starting to breastfeed? |
tender nipples and pain in the first 30 seconds of breastfeeding up until 7-10 days post birth (transient nipples pain after day 10 is not normal) |
|
|
What is breast engorgement? |
- when breasts become hard, swollen and painful from too much breast milk - usually occurs 3-5 days after birth - common in primigravida |
|
|
How do you treat breast engorgement? |
- express breast milk by hand for comfort - feed more frequently - apply cool cabbage leaves |
|
|
What is mastitis? |
Infection of the breast usually caused by staph aureus |
|
|
What factors increase risk of mastitis? |
- cracked nipples - breast engorgement - waiting too long between feeds = plugging of nipples - wearing tight, underwire bras (increases pressure) |
|
|
How do you treat mastitis? |
- continue to breast feed - express breast milk - ice pack/cold compress - drink plenty of water/fluids |
|
|
What problems are associated with cracked nipples? |
portal or entry for bacteria (increased risk of infection) |
|
|
How should you manage cracked nipples? |
Allow to air dry after breastfeeding, continue to breast feed and ensure good latch on and apply lanolin |
|
|
How do you increase breast milk supply? |
- express breast milk either by hand or pump - correct positioning and latch on technique - skin to skin - “switch feed” (swap between breasts) - massage breast during breast feeds - avoid caffeinated drinks |
|
|
What is one way of preventing injury or reducing discomfort when breastfeeding? |
Release the baby’s latch on the nipple with your finger |
|
|
What causes regurgitation of breast milk in baby? |
Regurgitation of small amounts of breastmilk by infants is completely normal and caused by an immature lower oesophageal sphincter |
|
|
What effect do medications cause on breast milk? |
Can suppress lactation and almost all drugs can be transferred to breast milk |
|
|
What is postpartum contraception? |
Contraception used to prevent unintended and closely spaced pregnancies in the first 12 months after giving birth |
|
|
Is contraception needed when breastfeeding? |
It is recommended because you can still ovulate when breastfeeding |
|
|
Is contraception needed when breastfeeding? |
It is recommended because you can still ovulate when breastfeeding |
|
|
How would a pregnant women use a diaphragm? |
- use it with a spermicide - keep it in place 6 hours after having sex then remove it |
|
|
Can you take combined oral contraceptive pill? |
If not breastfeeding: can take pill 21 days after giving birth If partially breastfeeding: can take pill 6 weeks after giving birth If fully breastfeeding: can take pill after 6 months |
