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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the structures of the BRAIN STEM
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Listed superiorly:
Midbrain Pons Medulla Oblongata The Cerebelum is not part of the brain stem; it is located above the brain stem |
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What is the function of the cerebellum?
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-Coordination and Voluntary motor movements
-Balance and equilibrium -MS tone |
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What are the Dysfunctions if the Cerebellum is damaged?
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Person seems like s/he is drunk!
-ATAXIA: Inability to coordinate MS movements, Ataxic gait, ataxic speech -Intention Tremors -Hypotonia -Nystagmus -Dysmetria: Inability to judge distance -adiadochokinesia- inability to perform quick alternating movements |
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Where is the midbrain?
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-Top most structure of the brain stem
-Gradual transition to SC through Foramen Magnum |
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What are the functions of the Midbrain?
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-Eye movement AND Vision
-Hearing -Body movement |
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Where is the Pons?
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Continuous w/and below the midbrain; directly in front of the cerebellum
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What are the functions of the pons
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-Consciousness
-Arousal -Movement -Posture -Sleep |
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Where is the Medulla Oblongata? and what goes through it?
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-Lower most portion of the brain stem, and makes gradual transition to SC at the Foramen Magnum
-Crossing of the motor tracts |
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What are the functions of the Medulla Oblongata?
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-Breathing (Resp center)
-Heart rate (Cardiac center) -Blood pressure (Vasomotor center) -Reflex Center for gag, vomit, swallow |
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What is the Reticular Activating System (RAS)?
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It is the reticular formation and its connections (afferent axons from diff sources)
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Where is the Reticular formation located?
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it is a group of nuclei scattered throughout the brain stem
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What is the RAS function?
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Involved with the sleep/wake cycle
"The reticular formation has four functions: behavioral arousal, regulation of muscular reflexes, coordination of autonomic functions (like breathing and heartbeat) and the modulation of pain sensations." |
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What is the stimuli for the RAS?
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-sudden light
-cold water splashed on face |
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What is the result of a damaged Reticular formation?
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COMA
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What are the symptoms of a brain stem injury?
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-decreased capacity in breathing
-impaired speech -difficulty with swallowing food/water (dysphasia) -difficulty w/orginzational/perception of the environment -problems w/bal & movement -dizziness & nausea -sleeping disorders (insomnia, sleep apnea) -CAN CAUSE DEATH |
