Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Lower motor Neurons
|
Cell bodies are in the CNS and Axon innervates the Muscles
|
|
|
Upper motor Neuron
|
entirely in the CNS. Descends from the cortex or brainstem and ends on a lower motor neuron
|
|
|
Hemiplegia
|
weakness in half of the body (eihter all left side or all righT)
|
|
|
Monoplegia
|
weakness in 1 limb
|
|
|
Diplegia
|
Weakness in both arms
|
|
|
Paraplegia
|
weakness in both legs. Usually due to lumbar, thoracis or sacral injuries
|
|
|
quadriplegia/tetraplegia
|
weankess in all four limbs and usually trunk, usually due to cervcial injuries
|
|
|
Spinal Cord Transection (injury)
|
Complete-no sensory or sacral sparing
Incomplete- smallest amount of anal sensation means its incomplete |
|
|
Classifying Spinal Cord Injuries
|
Classified by last level of intact/undamaged spinal cord
ex. T4 paraplegia has function of T4 but not T5 |
|
|
Brown-Sequard syndrome
|
Lesion of 1/2 of the Spinal Cord
Motor loss-ipsilateral below level of lession Sensory-ipsilateralloss of tactile and proprioception, Contralateralloss of pain, temp and crude touch below |
|
|
central cord syndrome
|
central part of C. SC is affected. Results in more UE motor dysfunction that LE.
Variable bladder and sensory dysfunction |
|
|
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
(ALS) |
Progressiive, Degenerative disease in which the UMN, Ant. horn cells in LMNS degenerate.
Typically starts with LE and moves to UE |
|
|
Spinal Reflexes
|
Involuntary. Damage causes exaggerated relfex below level of lesion
|
|
|
General functions of the BS
|
1.Conduit pathway
2.Cranial Nerve function 3.Integrative functions-life sustaining activites |
|
|
Rostral Medulla
|
Scoop/Open- opens to the 4th ventricle
|
|
|
Caudal Medulla
|
Closed/Handle portion- contains the central canal
|
|
|
Anterlaterosulcus
|
Septerates pyramid and olive
|
|
|
Peduncle
|
Group of axons
|
|
|
Viewed laterally, the BS is divided into 3 regions
|
Tectum-roof of ventricular space
tegentum-covering found in all three BS parts Appended structure: |
|
|
Appended Structures
|
Midbrain: Cerebral Peduncles
Pons: basalar pons Medulla: Pyramids |
|
|
inferior Colliculi
|
located posterior to cerebral aqueduct. Involved in auditory pathway
|
|
|
PAG
|
Paraaquaductal gray-pain regulation
|
|
|
Superior Colliculi
|
Vision
|
|
|
Substantia Niagra
|
synthessizes NT's Dopamine and GABA-- loss of this results in parkisons
|
|
|
Reticular Formation Function
|
1.movement control
2.pain modulation 3.Autonomic reflex circuitory 4..control of consciousness and arousal |
|
|
Blood supply to the brainsteam
|
Primarily Vertebrobasalar System
|
