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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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skeletal muscles
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muscles
attach to skeleton cross over joints, opening or closing them during activation |
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joint flexor
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skeletal muscle
closes joint |
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joint extensor
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skeletal muscle
opens joint |
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agonists
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muscles that move joint in intended direction
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antagonists
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muscles that move joint in opposite of intended direction
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alpha motor neuron
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controls many muscle fibers
each muscle fiber controlled by just one |
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motor unit
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alpha motor neuron and the fibers it controls form this
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muscle spindles
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sensory receptors in the muscles
convey length and speed of muscle shortening/lengthening used in reflex control |
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stretch reflex
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reflex
sudden stretch, muscle spindles, activate motor neurons inhibit antagonist muscles w/ inhibitory interneurons |
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inhibitory interneurons
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neuron type
in spinal cord used to inhibit antagonist muscles during stretch reflex |
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gamma motor neurons
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control special muscle fibers
controls sensitivity of muscle spindles lets brain fine-tune system |
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golgi tendon organs
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detect force applied by contracting muscle
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reflex type
foot steps on sharp object includes crossed extension reflex |
flexion withdrawal
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part of flexion withdrawal
opposite leg extends to keep balance used in walking |
crossed extension reflex
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brain area
direct control of alpha motor neurons |
motor cortex
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brain areas besides motor cortex that control movement (5)
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basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, neurons in midbrain & brainstem
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midbrain cell group
supply dopamine to basal ganglia |
substantia nigra
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