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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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brain tumors comprise % of all adult tumors and % of all children's?
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5% of adults (2.5% endog and 2.5% metasteses)
30% of children |
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Explain the development of symptoms from tumor growth, edema formation, and herniation?
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1. tumors grow in a fix volume
2. Get edema because CSF and venous blood can't drain due to obstruction 3. Brain gets displaced and you get a herniation |
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3 sites of internal herniation, resulting in what specific symptoms?
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1. Cingulate gyrus- herniates under falx and over corpus callosum
2. UNCAL- gets into tentorium (area that separates cerebrum from cerebellum).. gets PCA and 3rd nerve palsy 3. Medulla gets pushed down into foramen Magnum ***see cardiac and respiratory signs* |
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What to think of when you see a white ring enhancing lesion on MRI? What does white area signify?
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think abcess, 1 tumor, metasteses, hematoma, or MS plaque...white area is liquid/area of necrosis...def still some good tissue in there*** get biopsy**
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What brain tumor has the best survival rate? Very good survival rates (3)?
What two have the worst in adults? in children? |
Meningiomas
Astocytomas, Hemangioblastomas, and Schwannomas glioblastoma and metasteses children = medulloblastoma |
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On MRIs, which are demarcated and non-parenchymally invasive (2)? which are invasive and pervasive?
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Demarcated= metasteses and meningiomas
Pervasive/invasive= glioblastoma |
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Is external injury associated with significant brain injury?
What kind of injuries are associated with linear fractures (falling backwards)? |
Not really
See focal deficits or maybe epidural hematoma if hit middle meningeal artery |
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Epidural Hematoma caused by?
Subdural hematoma caused by? what part of brain most likely to hit? |
laceration of middle meningeal artery- clinically lucid after trauma, then rapidly deteriorates
lacertation/occlusion of bridging veins- mostly in posterior 2/3s of brain |
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Coup vs. Contracoup lesions? types of linear acceleration forces? examples
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coup- whacked and force felt at point of impact
contracoup- whacked and force is transmitted 180 degrees...i.e fall back and have deficits in frontal lobe |
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Rotational/Angular Acceleration injuries? occurs in whom? what gets hit? how diffuse?
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no head/skull damage, but destroys the corpus callosum
frequently seen in helmeted motorcyclists |
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How does a gliding contusion injury occur?
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destroying the white matter when shaking an infant
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What experienced with hyperextension of the neck?
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primary brainstem trauma... knocks out upper pons and puts you in PVS- vegetative when knock out parts of the Reticular Activating system
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What do you suspect when a child's head is subject to rotational forces like whiplash?
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CHILD ABUSE
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