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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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subgranular zone |
- dentate gyrus of hippocampus - neuroblasts migrate from here to nearby granular layer -produces new neurons throughout life |
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dendritic spine formation |
- drives postnatal expansion of the cerebral cortex and other GM structures |
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synaptogenesis/synapse removal |
- - by adolescence there is only around 60% of the maximum density |
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CNS glia |
- the nervous system padding |
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neuroglia |
nerve glue - astrocytes: support and signalling - microglia: clean up the debris - schwann cells: PNS version of oligodendrocytes |
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gliogenesis |
- radial glia: scaffolding for neuronal migration - microglia: clean up the cell debris after apoptosis - astrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitors: developed well after initial neurogenesis |
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astrocytes |
play an important role in cognitive functioning |
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function of astrocytes |
- maintain viable microenvironment for neurons such as pH homeostasis, regulation of cell volume etc. - regulatory functions such as angiogenesis, BBB induction and maintenance - CNS signalling |
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oligodendrocytes |
- starts off as progenitor --> matures into a pro-oligodendrocyte --> differentiates into oligodendrocyteand can start creating myelin |
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Myelination |
myelinated: can travel in excess of 100m/s unmyelinated: less than 1m/s |
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ganglionic eminence (prenatally) |
tangential migration into WM |
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Subventricular zone (postnatally) |
radial migration into cortex |
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somatosensory cortex remodeling |
- cortical representation for a particular part of the body is enlarged or diminished whether use of it has been exaccerbated or limited |
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structural brain changes with learning |
- can increase cortical volume with excess study |
