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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Central nervous system |
Brain and spinal cord |
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3 main components of a neutron |
Dendrites Soma Axon |
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Dendrites |
Receive information , act as antenna. Channels information to the soma which builds up as an electro-chemical signal |
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Soma |
Cell body |
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Action potential |
Electrical part of the signal, Shoots down the axon away from the soma toward the new neuron |
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Nerves |
Bundles of axons , forming long nueral wires which electrical signals travel |
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Myelin sheath |
Layer of fatty cells covering the axon, allows signal to travel rapidly from neuron to neuron |
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Synapse/synaptic gap |
Space between neurons |
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Neurotransmitters |
Tiny packets of chemicals. Chemical signals that travel from one neuron to another |
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3 basic portions of the Brain |
Hindbrain Midbrain Forebrain |
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Brain stem |
Located top of the spine bottom of the brain. Life support system Functions: breathing, digestion and beating of the heart |
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Limbic system |
Specialised neural structures at the top of the Brain stem . Regulates emotions. Influence hunger ,sleep/awKe cycle, sexual desire, fear , aggression and memory |
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Cerebellum |
Very back of the brain Movement and posture Thinking processes |
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Cerebrum |
Also known as cerebral cortex Left and right hemispheres of the top of the brain. Awareness and voluntary control , speaking, planning. Contain primary sensory areas:seeing , hearing , feeling , moving. Both sides connected by corpus callosum |
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Corpus callosum |
Thick bundle of axons that join 2 sides of the brain . |
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Frontal lobe |
Front half of the brain. Reasoning Decision making Inhibiting behaviour Memory Planning Movement |
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Parietal lobe |
Somatosensation(touch) Spatial vision Understanding space Math |
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Temporal lobe |
Auditory processing Language Emotion Visual idnetity |
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Occipital lobe |
Back of the brain Primary visual cortex |
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Primary motor cortex |
Frontal lobe Controls voluntary movements |
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Peripheral nervous system |
The nervous system of the body Splits into 2 systems Somatic nervous system and Autonomic nervous system |
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Somatic nervous system |
Communicates with sense organs and voluntary muscles Splits into 2 parts Sensory (afferent) nervous system (sensory input) Motor (efferent) nervous system (motor output) |
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Autonomic nervous system cb |
Communicates with internal organs and glands Splits into 2 parts Sympathetic division(arousing) Parasympathetic division(calming) |
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Brocas area |
Left side of the brain Speech production |
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Pet scan |
Position emission tomography Records metabolic activity on the brain by detecting amount of radioactive substances that are injected into a person bloodstream and consumed by the brain |
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FMRI |
functional magnetic resonance imaging Measures changes in levels of naturally occurring oxygen in the blood. Measures brain activity based on this increase oxygen level |
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EEG |
Electroencephalograph Measures electrical brain activity via electrodes placed on the scalp |
