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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
ANENCEPHALY
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Most common fetal intracranial anomaly. The base of the brain and face are the only things present in the head; the craniaum is absent.
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ARNOLD-CHIARI MALFORMATION (TYPE II)
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Low position of the cerebellum in the upper cervical spinal canal due to cord tethering. Associated with “Lemon” skull shape, banana-shaped cerebellum, and hydrocephalus.
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BANANA SIGN
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Change in the shape of the cerebellum
(it becomes curved) that occurs in the presence of spina bifida. |
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CISTERNA MAGNA
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Fluid-filled space at the back of the head that lies between the cerebellum and the skull
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CYCLOPS
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A single eye is present. Associated with holoprosencepaly.
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CYSTIC HYGROMA
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Large fluid-containing sac filled with lymph, usually located in the region of the neck. May be part of a generalized fatal condition—lymphangiectasia—or a benign focal process. Associated with Turner’s and Down syndrome
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DANDY-WALKER SYNDROME
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Brain anomaly with a dilated fourth ventricle and possible secondary dilatation of the rest of the ventricles of the brain. A small cerebellum is the cardinal feature.
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ENCEPHALOCELE
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HERNIATION OF THE COVERINGS OF THE BRAIN THROUGH DEFECT IN THE SKULL. BRAIN TISSUE IS CONTAINED W/IN THE HERNIATION, ALTHOUGH USUALLY MOST OF THE CONTENTS OF THE SAC ARE FLUID.
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EXENCEPHALY
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VARIANT OF ANENCEPHALY IN WHICH SOME CORTICAL BRAIN REMAINS
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HOLOPROSENCEPHALY
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Intracranial anomaly. A Horseshoe-shaped ventricle replaces the 2 lateral ventricles. Usually fatal or causes severe mental retardation. Associated w/ Trisomy 13 and facial defects such as cleft lip and palate, hypotelorism in extreme cases, cyclopia and probscis
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HYDRANENCEPHALY
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Absence of the cortical brain. Portions of the mdbrain and brainstem are present. Not compatible with life.
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HYDROCEPHALUS
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Marked enlargement of the cerebral ventricles. Implies entricular obstruction. A better term is Ventriculomegaly or nonspecific ventricular enlargement.
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INIENCEPHALY
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Defect consisting of an Encephalocele that involves the posterior aspects of the skull and the cervical vertebrae; some vertebrae may be missing.
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LEMON SIGN
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Deformity of the skull in which it assumes a shpae similar to a lemon. The frontal areas become flatted. This type of anomaly is seen when spina bifida is present.
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LYMPHANGIOMA
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SEE CYSTIC HYGROMA
Large fluid-containing sac filled w/ lymph, usually located in the region of the neck. |
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MICROCEPHALY
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Unduly small skull and brain; associated with mental dificiency.
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MULTICYSTIC (DYSPLASTIC) KIDNEY
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Developmental abnormality of the kidney in which the normal renal parenchyma is totally replaced by cysts of varying sizes. If bilateral, it is not compatible with survival.
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