Botany, Evolution: Exam 2 Definitions

Front 1

aeciospores

Back 1

Fungi: binucleate spor of rust fungi

Front 2

aecium

Back 2

Fungi: cuplike structure wich aeiospore are produced

Front 3

androecium

Back 3

Liverworts: packetlike swelling containing the aneridia

Front 4

annulus

Back 4

Ferns: row of specialized cells in sporangium

Front 5

antheridia

Back 5

Sperm-producing structure

Front 6

apothecium

Back 6

Cup-shaped open ascoma

Front 7

archegonium

Back 7

Bryophytes and vascular plants: Where the egg is produced

Front 8

ascogenous hyphae

Back 8

Hyphae containing paired haploid male and female nuclei.

Front 9

ascogonium

Back 9

Oogonium or female gametoangium of the ascomydetes

Front 10

ascoma

Back 10

in ascomycetes lined with specialized cells called aski, which nuclear fusin and meiosis occur

Front 11

ascospores

Back 11

A spore produced within an ascus found in ascomycetes

Front 12

ascus

Back 12

two haploid nuclei fuse to produce a zygote that immediately divides by meiosis. \k:D

Front 13

aseptate

Back 13

lacking crosswalls

Front 14

chitin

Back 14

cell walls of fungi found in insects

Front 15

circinate vernation

Back 15

Ferns: coiled arrangement of leaves in the bud fiddlehead) >

Front 16

clamp connections

Back 16

lateral connections between adjacent cells of dikaryotic hypha.

Front 17

cleistothecia

Back 17

Closed, spherical ascoma dJz

Front 18

conidium

Back 18

asexual fungal spore D

Front 19

cortex

Back 19

ground tissue of stem or root of vasuclar plants

Front 20

crozier

Back 20

hooked tip formed by apical cell of ascogenous hypha. Allowed paired nuclei to divide

Front 21

dermal tissue

Back 21

outer covering tissue of a plant

Front 22

Dikaryotic

Back 22

Fugi: paired nuclei not fused together (n+n)

Front 23

dimorphic

Back 23

2 distinct form D

Front 24

Elaters

Back 24

elongated, spindle-shaped, sterile cell in sporangium of liverwort. Aids in spore dispersal.

Front 25

embryophytes

Back 25

bryophytes and vascular plants both which produce embryos

Front 26

epiphyte

Back 26

organism that grows upon but not parasitic.

Front 27

eustele

Back 27

stele in which the primary vascular tissues are arranged in discrete strands around a pith.

Front 28

gametophores

Back 28

bryophytes: fertiel stalke that bears gametangia

Front 29

gametophyte

Back 29

haploid gamete t-->

Front 30

gemmae

Back 30

an outgrowth in fungi that can devolp into a new plant

Front 31

hadrom

Back 31

central strand of water-conducting cells found in moss >

Front 32

heterosporous

Back 32

Having 2 kinds of spores; microspores and megaspores >

Front 33

homosporous

Back 33

Having 1 kind of spore

Front 34

homothallic

Back 34

self fertile

Front 35

hydroids

Back 35

Water conducting cells of moss

Front 36

hypha

Back 36

single tubular filament of fungus.

Front 37

internodes

Back 37

Region of stem between to nodes

Front 38

isomorphic

Back 38

Identical in form t-->

Front 39

karyogamy

Back 39

Union of two nuclei following fertilization or plasmogamy

Front 40

leaf gaps

Back 40

ferns: region of parenchyma tissue above the point of departure of the leaf trace

Front 41

leaf traces

Back 41

Extending from the base of the leafe to its connection

Front 42

leptoid

Back 42

food conducting cells in moss

Front 43

matrotrophy

Back 43

form of nutrition provided by maternal gametophyte, foot stores

Front 44

megaphylls

Back 44

Large leaf with several to many viens

Front 45

megasporangia

Back 45

sporangium in which megaspores are produced

Front 46

megaspores

Back 46

heterosporous plant, a haploid spore that develops into female gametophyte.

Front 47

megasporophylls

Back 47

leaflike structure bearing a megasporangium

Front 48

microphylls

Back 48

small leaf with one vien

Front 49

microsporangia

Back 49

sporangium within the microspores are formed

Front 50

microspores

Back 50

heterosporous plants, a spore that devolops into a male gametophyte

Front 51

microsporophylls

Back 51

Leaflife organ bearing one or more microsporangia

Front 52

monokaryotic

Back 52

1 karyotic

Front 53

operculum

Back 53

Mosses: the lid of the sporangium

Front 54

periderm

Back 54

outer protective tissue that replaces epidermis. Cork.

Front 55

Perithecium

Back 55

spherical or flask shaped asoma

Front 56

phloem

Back 56

Food conducting tissue of vascular plants

Front 57

Photobiont

Back 57

Photoynthetic componet of lychen

Front 58

pileus

Back 58

caplike part of mushroom

Front 59

primary growth/tissue

Back 59

grouth originating I the apical meristems of stoogs and roots

Front 60

Prothallus

Back 60

homosporous vascular plants such as ferns with photosynthetic gametophytes

Front 61

protostele

Back 61

simplest type of stele, sold column of vascular tissue

Front 62

rhizoid

Back 62

branched rootlike extenstions of fungi to absorb water food and nutrients

Front 63

rhizome

Back 63

horizontal underground stem

Front 64

secondary growth

Back 64

derived form secondary or lateral meristems, cambrium and cork.

Front 65

septate

Back 65

Dividied by cross walls into cells or compartments

Front 66

seta

Back 66

bryophytes: the stalks that supports the capsule.

Front 67

Sorus

Back 67

cluster of sporangia or spores

Front 68

sporangium

Back 68

hollow unicellular or multicellular structure where spores are produced.

Front 69

sporophylls

Back 69

modified leaflike organs that bears sporangia

Front 70

sporophyte

Back 70

spore producing diploid phase of alternation of generations

Front 71

stele

Back 71

central cylinder inside the cortex of roots and stemes of vascular plants

Front 72

thallus

Back 72

Type of body that is not differentitated into root, steam or leaf. Fungi and algae.

Front 73

tracheids

`

Back 73

elongated thick-walled conducing support forxylem

Front 74

tracheophytes

Back 74

Vascular plants

Front 75

vascular cambium

Back 75

meristematic cells that divide to produce secondary phloem and secondary xylem

Front 76

xylem

Back 76

Water conducting tissue

Front 77

zygosporangia

Back 77

sporangium containing one or more zygospores

Front 78

zygospore

Back 78

the walled, resistant spore that devolopes a zygoe

Front 79

Zygote

Back 79

Diploid cell resulting from the fusion of isogametes