Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
main domestic plants
and others |
wheat, rice, corn, potato, sweet potato, cassava
sugar cane, sugar beet, bean, soybean, barley, sorghum, coconut and banana |
|
|
first plants domesticated...
|
-in the Near East
-10,000 years ago |
|
|
first root crops and legumes domesticated...
|
2,000-3,000 years ago
|
|
|
germplasm
|
sum total of a plant's genes
|
|
|
gene bank
|
library of plant genes in case a disaster wiped out an entire species
|
|
|
gene splicing
|
cutting out genes (DNA palindrome) with restriction enzymes (produce sticky ends)
|
|
|
transgenic plants
|
have genes from other organisms
|
|
|
plasmid
|
-commonly used cloning vectors
-small cicular bacterial DNA |
|
|
pros and cons of transgenic plants
|
pros:
-need less pesticide (environmentally friendly) cons: -effect on non-target organisms |
|
|
cuttings
|
produce adventitious roots, cells near wound must dedifferentiate
|
|
|
tip layering
|
bend tips until they touch the ground, cover with soil
|
|
|
air layering
|
wounding or girdling to produce roots
|
|
|
grafting
|
segments of different plants are connected and induced to grow together as one plant
|
|
|
scion
|
top section of a graft ("child")
|
|
|
rootstock
|
bottom section of a graft (where the roots are)
|
|
|
alloploid
|
hybrid w/ sets of chromosomes from other species
|
|
|
polyploid
|
more than 2 homologous sets of chromosomes
|
